Software Testing Fundamentals

Types of Testing

• Unit Testing: Testing individual units of code, such as functions or methods, to ensure they function as expected.
• Integration Testing: Testing how different units of code work together to ensure seamless integration.
• System Testing: Testing the entire system, including all components and interactions, to ensure it meets requirements.
• Acceptance Testing: Testing to ensure the system meets the acceptance criteria and is ready for release.

Testing Techniques

• Black Box Testing: Testing without knowledge of the internal workings of the system.
• White Box Testing: Testing with knowledge of the internal workings of the system.
• Gray Box Testing: Testing with partial knowledge of the internal workings of the system.

Testing Levels

• Component Testing: Testing individual components of the system.
• System Integration Testing: Testing how components interact with each other.
• System Testing: Testing the entire system.

Test Case Design Techniques

• Equivalence Partitioning: Divide input data into partitions and test each partition at least once.
• Boundary Value Analysis: Test at the boundaries of input data.
• State Transition Testing: Test different states of the system and transition between them.

Test Data Management

• Test Data: Data used to test the system, including input data, expected results, and sample data.
• Test Environment: The environment in which testing takes place, including hardware, software, and network configurations.

Defect Management

• Defect: A flaw or error in the system.
• Defect Reporting: Documenting and reporting defects found during testing.
• Defect Tracking: Tracking and managing defects from identification to resolution.