Software Metrics Overview

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Questions and Answers

Match the following software size metrics with their descriptions:

Lines of Code (LOC) = Count of total lines, including blank and comment lines Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Count of lines excluding blank and comment lines Token Count = Sum of unique operators and operands Function Points (FP) = Measurement of business functionality provided to users

Match each term with its corresponding attribute:

Lines of Code (LOC) = Used to estimate implementation time Token Count = Includes unique operators and occurrences Function Points (FP) = Comprised of five major components Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Does not include data declarations

Match the size metrics to their potential uses:

Lines of Code (LOC) = Determining module size Function Points (FP) = Understanding business functionality Token Count = Analyzing code complexity Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Estimating code efficiency

Match the following components with their correct complexity levels:

<p>External Inputs = Low complexity: 3 External Outputs = Low complexity: 4 Logical Internal Files = Low complexity: 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the software metric with its calculation basis:

<p>Lines of Code (LOC) = Count of all code lines Function Points (FP) = Components of user functionality Token Count = Occurrences of operators and operands Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Excludes comments and blanks</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each measurement with its focus area:

<p>Lines of Code (LOC) = Source code size Token Count = Code elements count Function Points (FP) = User requirements Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Code performance measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the software metrics with their typical implementations:

<p>Lines of Code (LOC) = Analyze large codebases Function Points (FP) = Assess software projects Token Count = Measure code quality Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Optimize code reviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each software size metric with its defining feature:

<p>Function Points (FP) = Business functionality assessment Lines of Code (LOC) = Physical code representation Token Count = Internal code structure Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC) = Clean code calculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following size metrics with their definitions:

<p>Lines Of Code (LOC) = Measure of the number of lines in the source code Function Points (FP) = Measure of software functionality based on user requirements Token Count = Count of distinct elements in the source code including keywords Weight Methods per Class (WMC) = Summation of complexity of all methods in a class</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following software metrics with their categories:

<p>CBO = Coupling metric DIT = Inheritance metric NOC = Inheritance hierarchy metric WMC = Complexity metric</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their implications in object-oriented programming:

<p>High CBO value = Indicates tightly coupled classes Low DIT value = Fewer levels of inheritance High NOC value = More reusable class High WMC value = More complex methods in a class</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following metrics with their characteristics:

<p>CBO = Normal range is between 1 to 4 DIT = Maximum inheritance path from node to root class NOC = Number of immediate subclasses WMC = Predicts implementation and maintenance time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following metrics with their potential impact:

<p>CBO = Affects testability and upgrading DIT = Affects reusability of subclasses NOC = Indicates method testing requirements WMC = Impacts overall complexity of a class</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following software metrics with their measurement focus:

<p>LOC = Size of the code base FP = User-defined functionality Token Count = Elements counted in code WMC = Complexity per method</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following complexity measurements with their descriptions:

<p>Weight Methods per Class (WMC) = Summation of method complexities Lines Of Code (LOC) = Total lines written excluding comments Function Points (FP) = Estimates system functionality Token Count = Unique keyword tally in code</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following size metrics with their primary purpose:

<p>Lines Of Code (LOC) = Assessing code size for maintainability Function Points (FP) = Determining scope of software requirements Token Count = Analyzing code elements for optimization Weight Methods per Class (WMC) = Evaluating method complexity in classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following metrics with their definitions:

<p>Size Metrics = Measure of the size or complexity of a software product Lines Of Code (LOC) = Counts the number of lines in the source code Function Points (FP) = Measure of functionality delivered to the user Token Count = Counts the number of distinct tokens in source code</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the classification of software metrics to their descriptions:

<p>Products = Explicit results of software development activities Processes = Activities related to production of software Resources = Inputs into software development activities like hardware or people Management metrics = Metrics to oversee and evaluate project progress and problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following software metrics with their primary usage:

<p>Size Metrics = Assess software complexity Lines Of Code (LOC) = Estimate development effort and cost Function Points (FP) = Estimate the size based on user requirements Token Count = Analyze code quality and maintainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of software metrics with their examples:

<p>Implementation metrics = Metrics assessing code quality and structure Testing metrics = Assess effectiveness of testing procedures Designing metrics = Evaluate design patterns and structures Management metrics = Monitor project milestones and deliverables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the size metrics with their measurement methods:

<p>Function Points (FP) = Based on functionality delivered Lines Of Code (LOC) = Count lines of source code Size Metrics = General assessment of software size Token Count = Count unique programming tokens</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the way software metrics are categorized with their characteristics:

<p>Object Oriented metrics = Focus on class and design characteristics Service Oriented Architecture metrics = Measure reusability of components through service interfaces Component Based Software Engineering metrics = Evaluate component interactions and complexities Testing metrics = Used to assess and measure testing effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts related to software metrics with their definitions:

<p>Size metric = Direct measure of software size Object Oriented metrics = Assess quality centered around object-oriented design Service-oriented architecture = Defines reusable software components via service interfaces Component-Based Software Engineering = Enhances understanding of software components</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following classifications of software metrics to examples:

<p>Testing metrics = Evaluating test coverage and defect density Implementation metrics = Analyzing source code to improve maintainability Designing metrics = Assessing design efficiency and modularity Management metrics = Tracking resource allocation and project timelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Software Metric

A standard used to measure a software system's or process's characteristics.

Size Metric

A direct measurement of software, focusing on its size.

Object-Oriented Metrics

Metrics focused on class and design aspects in object-oriented software.

Service-Oriented Architecture

A way to make software components reusable with service interfaces.

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Component-Based Software Engineering

Enhances understanding of software components by defining categories, interaction, and composition.

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Product Metrics

Metrics on deliverables, documentation, and byproducts of software development.

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Process Metrics

Metrics related to software production activities.

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Resource Metrics

Metrics on inputs for software development, like hardware, knowledge, and people.

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Lines of Code (LOC)

The total number of lines of code in an application, including blank lines, comments, and data declarations.

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Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC)

The number of lines of code without comments, blank lines, or data declarations.

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Token Count

A software size metric calculating the sum of operators and operands.

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Function Points (FP)

A software size metric that measures business functionality provided by a system, rather than lines of code.

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External Inputs (FP)

Number of input points to the program.

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External Outputs (FP)

Number of output points from the program.

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Logical Internal Files (FP)

Number of internal files used by the program.

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CBO (Coupling Between Objects)

A software metric measuring the dependencies between classes. A low CBO (1-4) indicates a more reusable class; a high CBO suggests tight coupling, making testing and updates harder.

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DIT (Depth of Inheritance Tree)

Measures the maximum inheritance path from a class to its root class (usually java.lang.Object). A small DIT value implies a shallower inheritance hierarchy and better maintainability.

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NOC (Number of Children)

Indicates the number of immediate subclasses a given class has. A low NOC (1-4) suggests potential for reuse; a high NOC implies more testing and maintenance.

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WMC (Weighted Methods per Class)

The sum of the complexities of all methods within a class. WMC impacts implementation time, maintenance, and potential reuse.

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Coupling (Software)

The degree to which components in a software system are interconnected. Higher coupling creates dependencies that make changes challenging.

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Reuse (Software)

The ability to use a component (class, module) in different parts of a software system or project. Reusable elements improve efficiency and reduce duplication.

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Maintenance (Software)

The process of modifying, updating, and supporting a software system over time to keep it functioning correctly and meet evolving needs.

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Study Notes

Software Metrics

  • Software metric is a standard of measure for a software system or process.
  • Size metric is a direct measure of software.
  • Object-oriented metrics focus on class and design characteristics.
  • Service-oriented architecture defines a way to make software components reusable.
  • Component-Based Software Engineering enhances understanding of components through categories, characteristics, repository, interaction, complexity, and composition.
  • Many definitions of software metrics exist, but the most common is a measure of application characteristics across their lifecycle.

Software Metrics Classifications

  • Three main types of software metrics:
    • Products: Explicit results, deliverables, documentation.
    • Processes: Software production activities.
    • Resources: Inputs like hardware, knowledge, and people.
  • Other classifications exist:
    • Implementation metrics
    • Testing metrics
    • Design metrics
    • Management metrics, etc.
  • Classifications based on engineering approaches: Object-oriented, service-oriented, and component-based.
    • Also includes size metrics

Types of Software Metrics: Size Metrics

  • Lines of Code (LOC): The number of lines in an application (includes namespace, classes, methods).
  • Non-Commented LOC (NCLOC): Similar to LOC but excludes comments, blank lines, and data declarations.
  • Used to estimate module size, implementation time, and maintenance needs.

Types of Software Metrics: Token Count

  • Software is a sum of tokens (operators and operands).
  • n1 = unique operators; n2 = unique operands
  • N1 = total operator occurrences; N2 = total operand occurrences
  • Token Count = N1 + N2

Types of Software Metrics: Function Points (FP)

  • Measures the business functionality of a system.
  • Includes external inputs, outputs, inquiries, files, and interfaces.
  • Each element is assigned a complexity value (low or high), which affects the final score.
  • Calculated using a formula combining weighting factors and component counts.

Object-Oriented Metrics

  • Coupling between Objects (CBO): Number of coupled classes a specific class interacts with.

    • A lower score indicates a class's more loosely coupled relationship with other classes (and is often preferred).

  • Depth of Inheritance Tree (DIT): Maximum inheritance path in a class hierarchy.

    • A lower score indicates increased reusability.

  • Number of Children (NOC): Number of immediate subclasses inheriting from a class.

    • A lower score suggests more specialized classes that don't inherit as much.

  • Weighted Methods per Class (WMC): Summation of complexity values for all methods in a class.

    • A higher score signifies more complexity.

Service-Oriented Architecture Metrics

  • Number of Services (NS): The number of services in the system.
  • Network Cohesion (NCY): Number of directional relationships between nodes in a system.
  • Services Interdependence (SIY): The number of service pairs that depend on each other.
  • Absolute Importance of Service (AIS): Number of clients that depend on a particular service.
  • Input/Output Message Sizes: Number of arguments (or attributes) to a method.

Component-Based Software Engineering Metrics

  • Time to Use: Estimate time for developers to use components.
  • Required Interfaces: Number of interfaces needed to use a component.
  • Error Propagation: The ability of an error in one component to affect others.

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Software Metrics Past Paper PDF SCP-PF113

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