Questions and Answers
Which UML diagram shows the actions involved in a process or in data processing?
activity diagram
Which UML diagram shows how a system's state changes due to internal and external events?
state diagram
Which diagram shows the interactions between a system and its environment?
use case diagram
Which diagram shows the interactions between actors and the system and between internal system components such as objects?
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Which of the following diagrams would be best for modeling business processes?
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Which of the following diagrams would be best for modeling real-time systems such as controls on a microwave?
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Which show the object classes in the system and the associations between these classes?
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The following example is a violation of which SOLID principle: In the first version of the Zombie game, the Model has a reference to Zombie instead of Sprite?
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In a sequence diagram, which of the following fragment types could best represent a logical branch (such as an 'if...else' statement)?
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In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to describe an option sequence.
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In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to indicate a fragment that executes multiple times.
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In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to refer to an interaction defined on another diagram.
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Which of the following UML diagrams models the behavior of a software system instead of structure?
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What are the 4 + 1 view models of software architecture?
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Which architecture pattern is used with GUI applications to separate presentation and interaction from system data?
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Which architecture pattern relies on a central store of data as an efficient data-sharing mechanism?
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Which architecture pattern is common in UNIX-based systems where the output of one program can be used as input to another program?
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The Eclipse IDE is composed of a core system and plug-ins. Which architecture pattern is Eclipse using?
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Which architecture pattern involves breaking an application into service components of separately deployable units?
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Which architecture pattern uses web services to expose the functionality of components of an application?
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Which architecture pattern is commonly used in data processing applications?
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Which architecture pattern is used when you have a system in which large volumes of information are being generated that has to be stored for a long time?
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A software architecture that localizes critical operations and minimizes communications could help with which of the following?
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A software architecture that includes redundant components and mechanisms for fault tolerance could help with which of the following?
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A software architecture that uses fine-grain, replaceable components could help with which of the following?
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In the MVC architecture pattern, which component manages user interaction (e.g., key presses, mouse clicks, etc.)?
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In the MVC architecture pattern, which component defines and manages how the data is presented to the user?
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In the MVC architecture pattern, which component manages the system data and associated operations on that data?
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A client-server architecture can be implemented on a single computer.
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An operating system follows a microkernel architecture pattern.
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Study Notes
UML Diagrams
- Activity Diagram: Illustrates actions involved in processes or data processing; ideal for modeling business processes.
- State Diagram: Depicts changes in a system's state due to internal and external events; suitable for real-time systems like microwave controls.
- Use Case Diagram: Shows interactions between a system and its environment; models behavior, not structure.
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Sequence Diagram: Displays interactions among actors, system components, and represents logical branches (e.g., "if...else" using
altfragment). - Class Diagram: Describes object classes within the system and their associations.
SOLID Principles
-
Dependency Inversion Principle: Violation occurs when high-level modules depend on low-level modules instead of abstractions, as seen in Zombie game referencing
Zombieinstead ofSprite.
Sequence Diagram Fragments
- alt: Represents logical branches, such as conditional statements.
- opt: Indicates an option sequence in interactions.
- loop: Marks fragments that execute multiple times.
- ref: Refers to interactions defined in another diagram.
Software Architecture Models
- 4 + 1 View Models: Consist of logical view, process view, development view, and physical view.
Architecture Patterns
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Model-View-Controller (MVC): Separates user interaction from system data within GUI applications; has three components:
- Controller: Manages user interaction (e.g., input actions).
- View: Defines how data is presented to users.
- Model: Handles system data and associated operations.
- Repository Architecture: Centralizes data storage for efficient sharing; suitable for systems with large, long-term data storage needs.
- Pipe and Filter Architecture: Common in UNIX systems; allows output from one program to serve as input for another, also used in data processing.
- Microkernel Architecture: Used by Eclipse IDE, which consists of a core and plug-ins.
- Microservice Architecture: Breaks applications into separately deployable service components and uses web services to expose application functionalities.
Performance and Availability
- Performance: Improved by architectures that localize critical operations, minimizing communication.
- Availability: Enhanced by including redundant components and fault tolerance mechanisms.
- Maintainability: Achieved through fine-grain, replaceable components.
Client-Server Architecture
- Can be implemented on a single computer.
Operating Systems
- Typically follows a microkernel architecture pattern.
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Description
Prepare for your Software Engineering midterm with these flashcards covering UML diagrams. Each card focuses on a specific type of diagram, such as activity, state, and use case diagrams, helping you grasp their functions and importance. Test your knowledge and ensure you're ready for exam day!
