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Questions and Answers
Which UML diagram shows the actions involved in a process or in data processing?
Which UML diagram shows the actions involved in a process or in data processing?
activity diagram
Which UML diagram shows how a system's state changes due to internal and external events?
Which UML diagram shows how a system's state changes due to internal and external events?
state diagram
Which diagram shows the interactions between a system and its environment?
Which diagram shows the interactions between a system and its environment?
use case diagram
Which diagram shows the interactions between actors and the system and between internal system components such as objects?
Which diagram shows the interactions between actors and the system and between internal system components such as objects?
Which of the following diagrams would be best for modeling business processes?
Which of the following diagrams would be best for modeling business processes?
Which of the following diagrams would be best for modeling real-time systems such as controls on a microwave?
Which of the following diagrams would be best for modeling real-time systems such as controls on a microwave?
Which show the object classes in the system and the associations between these classes?
Which show the object classes in the system and the associations between these classes?
The following example is a violation of which SOLID principle: In the first version of the Zombie game, the Model has a reference to Zombie instead of Sprite?
The following example is a violation of which SOLID principle: In the first version of the Zombie game, the Model has a reference to Zombie instead of Sprite?
In a sequence diagram, which of the following fragment types could best represent a logical branch (such as an 'if...else' statement)?
In a sequence diagram, which of the following fragment types could best represent a logical branch (such as an 'if...else' statement)?
In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to describe an option sequence.
In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to describe an option sequence.
In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to indicate a fragment that executes multiple times.
In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to indicate a fragment that executes multiple times.
In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to refer to an interaction defined on another diagram.
In a sequence diagram, this fragment type is used to refer to an interaction defined on another diagram.
Which of the following UML diagrams models the behavior of a software system instead of structure?
Which of the following UML diagrams models the behavior of a software system instead of structure?
What are the 4 + 1 view models of software architecture?
What are the 4 + 1 view models of software architecture?
Which architecture pattern is used with GUI applications to separate presentation and interaction from system data?
Which architecture pattern is used with GUI applications to separate presentation and interaction from system data?
Which architecture pattern relies on a central store of data as an efficient data-sharing mechanism?
Which architecture pattern relies on a central store of data as an efficient data-sharing mechanism?
Which architecture pattern is common in UNIX-based systems where the output of one program can be used as input to another program?
Which architecture pattern is common in UNIX-based systems where the output of one program can be used as input to another program?
The Eclipse IDE is composed of a core system and plug-ins. Which architecture pattern is Eclipse using?
The Eclipse IDE is composed of a core system and plug-ins. Which architecture pattern is Eclipse using?
Which architecture pattern involves breaking an application into service components of separately deployable units?
Which architecture pattern involves breaking an application into service components of separately deployable units?
Which architecture pattern uses web services to expose the functionality of components of an application?
Which architecture pattern uses web services to expose the functionality of components of an application?
Which architecture pattern is commonly used in data processing applications?
Which architecture pattern is commonly used in data processing applications?
Which architecture pattern is used when you have a system in which large volumes of information are being generated that has to be stored for a long time?
Which architecture pattern is used when you have a system in which large volumes of information are being generated that has to be stored for a long time?
A software architecture that localizes critical operations and minimizes communications could help with which of the following?
A software architecture that localizes critical operations and minimizes communications could help with which of the following?
A software architecture that includes redundant components and mechanisms for fault tolerance could help with which of the following?
A software architecture that includes redundant components and mechanisms for fault tolerance could help with which of the following?
A software architecture that uses fine-grain, replaceable components could help with which of the following?
A software architecture that uses fine-grain, replaceable components could help with which of the following?
In the MVC architecture pattern, which component manages user interaction (e.g., key presses, mouse clicks, etc.)?
In the MVC architecture pattern, which component manages user interaction (e.g., key presses, mouse clicks, etc.)?
In the MVC architecture pattern, which component defines and manages how the data is presented to the user?
In the MVC architecture pattern, which component defines and manages how the data is presented to the user?
In the MVC architecture pattern, which component manages the system data and associated operations on that data?
In the MVC architecture pattern, which component manages the system data and associated operations on that data?
A client-server architecture can be implemented on a single computer.
A client-server architecture can be implemented on a single computer.
An operating system follows a microkernel architecture pattern.
An operating system follows a microkernel architecture pattern.
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Study Notes
UML Diagrams
- Activity Diagram: Illustrates actions involved in processes or data processing; ideal for modeling business processes.
- State Diagram: Depicts changes in a system's state due to internal and external events; suitable for real-time systems like microwave controls.
- Use Case Diagram: Shows interactions between a system and its environment; models behavior, not structure.
- Sequence Diagram: Displays interactions among actors, system components, and represents logical branches (e.g., "if...else" using
altfragment). - Class Diagram: Describes object classes within the system and their associations.
SOLID Principles
- Dependency Inversion Principle: Violation occurs when high-level modules depend on low-level modules instead of abstractions, as seen in Zombie game referencing
Zombieinstead ofSprite.
Sequence Diagram Fragments
- alt: Represents logical branches, such as conditional statements.
- opt: Indicates an option sequence in interactions.
- loop: Marks fragments that execute multiple times.
- ref: Refers to interactions defined in another diagram.
Software Architecture Models
- 4 + 1 View Models: Consist of logical view, process view, development view, and physical view.
Architecture Patterns
- Model-View-Controller (MVC): Separates user interaction from system data within GUI applications; has three components:
- Controller: Manages user interaction (e.g., input actions).
- View: Defines how data is presented to users.
- Model: Handles system data and associated operations.
- Repository Architecture: Centralizes data storage for efficient sharing; suitable for systems with large, long-term data storage needs.
- Pipe and Filter Architecture: Common in UNIX systems; allows output from one program to serve as input for another, also used in data processing.
- Microkernel Architecture: Used by Eclipse IDE, which consists of a core and plug-ins.
- Microservice Architecture: Breaks applications into separately deployable service components and uses web services to expose application functionalities.
Performance and Availability
- Performance: Improved by architectures that localize critical operations, minimizing communication.
- Availability: Enhanced by including redundant components and fault tolerance mechanisms.
- Maintainability: Achieved through fine-grain, replaceable components.
Client-Server Architecture
- Can be implemented on a single computer.
Operating Systems
- Typically follows a microkernel architecture pattern.
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