Software Development Concepts

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Questions and Answers

Which programming paradigm is most suitable for developing complex systems requiring modularity and reusability?

Object-oriented programming (correct)
Functional programming
Procedural programming
Assembly language programming

What is the primary advantage of using version control systems in collaborative software development?

Parallel development and conflict resolution (correct)
Efficient team communication
Automated code deployment
Enhanced code execution speed

Which of the following best describes the function of a compiler?

Debugging executable programs
Interpreting source code line by line
Translating source code into machine code (correct)
Managing computer hardware resources

What is the significance of code documentation in software projects?

Facilitating code understanding and maintenance (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which testing method involves evaluating software by simulating real-world usage scenarios?

User acceptance testing (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Application Programming Interface (API)?

To enable communication between different software systems (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of interpreted programming languages?

Code is executed line by line by an interpreter. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a debugger in software development?

To identify and fix errors in code (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which software development methodology emphasizes iterative development and customer feedback?

Agile (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of data normalization in database design?

To reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which data structure is most suitable for implementing a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) behavior?

Stack (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an operating system?

To manage computer hardware resources (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which network topology offers the highest level of fault tolerance?

Mesh (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a firewall in network security?

To filter network traffic and block malicious access (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of polymorphism in object-oriented programming?

The ability of an object to take on many forms (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using abstraction in software design?

To hide complex implementation details (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which design pattern promotes loose coupling between objects by defining a one-to-many dependency between objects?

Observer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of code refactoring?

To improve code readability and maintainability without changing functionality (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of cloud computing?

On-demand access to computing resources over the internet (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a virtual machine?

To emulate a computer system within another operating system (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the concept of recursion?

A function that calls itself (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of time complexity, what does Big O notation represent?

The upper bound of an algorithm's execution time (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

Symmetric encryption is faster than asymmetric encryption. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?

To distribute website content to multiple servers for faster delivery (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a load balancer?

To distribute network traffic across multiple servers (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a RESTful API?

It is stateless and uses standard HTTP methods. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Docker containers?

To package and isolate applications with their dependencies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the CAP theorem in distributed systems?

Consistency, Availability, Partition Tolerance: choose any two (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is SQL injection, and how can it be prevented?

A database vulnerability, prevented by input validation and parameterized queries (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a message queue in software architecture?

To enable asynchronous communication between software components (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of a proxy server?

To act as an intermediary between clients and servers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between authentication and authorization?

Authentication verifies identity, while authorization grants access rights. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a core principle of SOLID design principles?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of microservices architecture?

To break down an application into smaller, independent services (A) Signup and view all the answers

In terms of computer science, what does ACID stand for?

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CI/CD in the software development lifecycle?

To automate the testing and deployment of software (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of a message broker?

To facilitate communication between different applications (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key benefit of Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?

Managing and provisioning infrastructure through code (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Kubernetes?

Automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of DevOps?

Shorter development cycles and increased deployment frequency (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

A programming paradigm centered around objects that contain data and methods.

Class

A blueprint for creating objects, defining their properties and methods.