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Questions and Answers
What is a primary activity in the requirements engineering process?
Which of the following is NOT a common elicitation technique?
During which phase do software architects frequently interact with stakeholders to determine needs and preferences?
Which task is performed after designing the architecture in the software architecture process?
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What characterizes the activity of requirements elicitation?
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Why might software architects return to the requirements phase after initial specifications?
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What purpose do scenarios serve in the requirements elicitation process?
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What role do non-functional requirements play in the elicitation process?
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What is the primary purpose of requirement prioritization in software development?
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Which characteristic is essential for requirements to be considered verifiable?
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What is not a common format for documenting scenarios associated with use cases?
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During the analysis phase, requirements are checked for various issues. Which of the following is not part of this analysis?
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Why is it important for requirements to be specific?
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What does requirement classification help identify?
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Which of the following characteristics is essential for requirements to be attainable?
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What begins at the conceptual modeling stage of requirement analysis?
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What impact do incomplete requirements have on software development?
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Which phase involves formal capturing and documenting the results of elicitation and analysis?
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Study Notes
Software Architecture Process
- The software architecture process consists of key tasks: understanding and evaluating requirements, designing the architecture, evaluating the architecture, documenting it, and monitoring implementation.
Requirements Engineering
- Requirements engineering involves systematic approaches to requirement specification through elicitation, analysis, specification, and validation.
- Software architects frequently revisit requirements and designs, often deeply engaging during the specification phase.
Elicitation
- Elicitation focuses on identifying stakeholders and determining customer needs, including non-functional requirements.
- Key information sources include stakeholders, goals, domain knowledge, and the operational environment.
Common Elicitation Techniques
- Techniques for gathering requirements include interviews, facilitated meetings, observation, and scenarios.
Scenarios in Elicitation
- Scenarios help visualize expected system behaviors and are a structured approach to gather requirements.
- They allow for identifying major functions and provide insights into testing requirements.
Use Cases and Scenarios
- In UML, scenarios are grouped by use cases, with various formats for documentation such as paragraphs, lists, or graphical forms.
- Proper documentation of scenarios enhances the utility of use cases.
Analysis
- Requirements are analyzed to resolve contradictions, incompleteness, and vagueness.
- Tasks during analysis include requirement classification, prioritization, negotiation, and conceptual modeling.
Requirement Classification
- Classification distinguishes between functional/non-functional, product/process, and imposed/derived requirements.
Requirement Prioritization and Negotiation
- Prioritization helps identify essential functions and refines project schedules, impacting software builds and addressing conflicts.
Conceptual Modeling
- Conceptual models are created to understand the context, boundaries, and interactions of the software system, marking the beginning of architectural design.
Specification
- Specification involves formally capturing and documenting elicited and analyzed requirements for stakeholder review.
- Requirements must be specific, consistent, correct, attainable, complete, and verifiable to support effective design.
Characteristics of Good Requirements
- Specific: Clear, concise, and exclusive, avoiding ambiguity.
- Correct: Accurately describe desired functions to prevent erroneous behaviors.
- Complete: Thorough individual and collective specifications to cover all required functionalities.
- Consistent: Not contradictory to other requirements.
- Attainable: Realistically achievable within project constraints.
- Verifiable: Capable of being confirmed; flaws in verifiability indicate potential issues in development.
Summary
- Key concepts of requirements engineering were introduced, laying the groundwork for creating effective requirements.
- Future sessions will cover the design of software architecture using the 4+1 View Model, incorporating logical, development, process, physical, and user views.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential processes in software architecture, focusing on requirements engineering and elicitation techniques. It delves into understanding stakeholders' needs and the various methods used for gathering requirements efficiently. Brush up on your knowledge of design evaluation and documentation.
