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Sodium and Potassium in the Body

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of sodium in the body?

Maintaining osmotic pressure and water balance (correct)

Maintaining blood pressure

Regulating body temperature

Transmitting nerve impulses

What is the normal range of sodium in plasma?

120-130 mEq/l

137-150 mEq/l (correct)

150-160 mEq/l

160-170 mEq/l

What is the name of the condition characterized by abnormally low serum sodium concentration?

Hypokalemia

Hyponatremia (correct)

Hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia

What is a predisposing factor for hyperkalemia?

Renal failure Signup and view all the answers

What is a source of sodium in the diet?

Table salt Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of hyponatremia?

Anorexia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of excessive Na+ and water retention due to Hyperaldosteronism?

Hypertension and edema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of extreme K+ loss in Hyperaldosteronism?

Muscle weakness and eventually paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of the salt-wasting state associated with Addison's disease?

Low production of aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of Hyperaldosteronism?

Idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia or adrenal adenoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold for Hyperkalemia symptoms in terms of potassium ion levels?

K+ < 5.5 mEq/l Signup and view all the answers