Sociopolitical Patterns Unit 3 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are heredity rulers?

Development of economic patterns

Dynasties of kings and pharaohs (correct)

A rigid class system (correct)

A form of government based on trade

What is the development of political patterns?

World's first states with centralized government, often based on religious authority and written law codes.

What is the development of economic patterns?

Use of metal, increasing agricultural surplus, better tools, plows, irrigation, increasing trade along rivers and by sea, development of the world's first cities, practice of slavery.

What is the definition of religious traditions?

Polytheism practiced by most early civilizations and monotheism practiced by Hebrews. Signup and view all the answers

What civilization is associated with the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys?

Mesopotamian civilization. Signup and view all the answers

What civilization is associated with the Nile River Valley and Nile Delta?

Egyptian civilization. Signup and view all the answers

What civilization is associated with the Indus River Valley?

Indian civilization. Signup and view all the answers

What civilization is associated with the Huang He Valley?

Chinese civilization. Signup and view all the answers

What did river valleys offer?

Rich soil, irrigation water, protection from invasion. Signup and view all the answers

Where did Hebrews settle?

Between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River Valley. Signup and view all the answers

Where did Phoenicians settle?

Along the Mediterranean coast. Signup and view all the answers

Where was Nubia located?

On the upper Nile River. Signup and view all the answers

Where and when did the Sumerian people move to once the Tigris and Euphrates rivers overflowed?

They moved to Mesopotamia around 3500 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

What materials did the Sumerian people lack?

Stone, wood, and metal. Signup and view all the answers

What solved the flooding problem?

Irrigation ditches. Signup and view all the answers

Were Sumerians polytheistic?

True Signup and view all the answers

What was the order of the social class from top to bottom in Sumer?

Priests and rulers, wealthy merchants, workers in the field and workshops, slaves. Signup and view all the answers

What four things did the Sumerian people invent?

Sail, plow, wheel, arithmetic, and geometry. Signup and view all the answers

What group of people were the first to use bronze and to have the first written language?

Sumerians. Signup and view all the answers

Where did upper Egypt extend to?

It extended north from the Nile's cataracts to its delta. Signup and view all the answers

Where did Lower Egypt begin and where did it end?

It began at the Nile delta and went into the Mediterranean Sea. Signup and view all the answers

Who united Upper and Lower Egypt and when did they do it?

Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt in 3100 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

Were Egyptians polytheistic and did they believe in an afterlife?

True Signup and view all the answers

What was the order of Egypt's social class from top to bottom?

Pharaohs, people of wealth who owned large amounts of land; priests; members of the government and army; merchants and artisans; peasants. Signup and view all the answers

What did winter monsoons bring to India?

They brought strong winds blowing dry air. Signup and view all the answers

What did spring monsoons bring to India?

They brought winds that also brought heavy rain. Signup and view all the answers

When did the people of India start building their first cities?

Around 2500 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

Who did India trade with the most?

Mesopotamia. Signup and view all the answers

When did cities start showing up in India?

1750 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

When did the Indus civilization collapse?

1500 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

When was government first brought into China?

2000 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

When did Shang begin to rule China?

1500 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

What was the order of the social class in China from top to bottom?

Kings and nobles, peasants. Signup and view all the answers

Where did the story of the Hebrews begin?

Mesopotamia. Signup and view all the answers

When did the Hebrews move to Egypt?

1650 BCE. Signup and view all the answers

What was the mass departure of the Hebrews from Egypt called?

The Exodus. Signup and view all the answers

How were the Hebrews organized?

They were organized into 12 groups called tribes. Signup and view all the answers

What type of materials did Phoenicians trade?

Wine, weapons, metals, ivory, slaves, and objects made of wood and glass. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dynasties of kings and pharaohs characterized early rulers.
Rigid class systems existed with accepted slavery.

Political Development

First states featured centralized governments.
Governance often rested on religious authority.
Written law codes emerged to structure society.

Economic Development

Adoption of metal tools improved agriculture and produced surpluses.
Advances in tools, plows, and irrigation systems enhanced food production.
Trade flourished along rivers and maritime routes.
The world's first cities developed, accompanied by slave practices.

Religious Traditions

Early civilizations predominantly practiced polytheism.
Monotheism was a defining trait of Hebrew culture.

Major Civilizations

Mesopotamian civilization arose in the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys.
Egyptian civilization developed along the Nile River valley and delta.
Indian civilization centered around the Indus River valley.
Chinese civilization emerged in the Huang He valley.

Benefits of River Valleys

River valleys provided rich soil for agriculture.
Accessible irrigation water facilitated farming.
Natural barriers offered protection from invasions.

Settlements

Hebrews settled between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River valley.
Phoenicians established settlements along the Mediterranean coast.
Nubia was located on the upper Nile River.

Movement and Development of Sumerians

Sumerians migrated to Mesopotamia around 3500 BCE after river floods.
They lacked stone, wood, and metal in their resources.
Irrigation ditches were crucial in managing flooding issues.

Sumerian Beliefs and Innovations

Sumerians were polytheistic, worshipping multiple gods.
Social class hierarchy: priests and rulers at the top, followed by wealthy merchants, workers, and slaves.
Inventions included the sail, plow, wheel, arithmetic, and geometry.
Sumerians were first to utilize bronze and develop a written language.

Ancient Egyptian History

Upper Egypt extended from the Nile's cataracts to the delta.
Lower Egypt began at the Nile delta, stretching to the Mediterranean Sea.
Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt around 3100 BCE, establishing centralized authority.
Egyptians believed in polytheism and an afterlife.

Social structure ordered: pharaohs, wealthy landowners, priests, government members, merchants, artisans, and peasants.

Monsoon Effects in India

Winter monsoons brought strong winds and dry air to India.
Spring monsoons resulted in heavy rainfall, vital for agriculture.
Construction of the first cities in India started around 2500 BCE.

Trade and Civilization Timelines in India

India primarily traded with Mesopotamia.
City development in India emerged around 1750 BCE.
The Indus civilization collapsed around 1500 BCE.

Early Chinese Governance

Government establishment in China traces back to around 2000 BCE.
The Shang dynasty began ruling around 1500 BCE.

Chinese social hierarchy consisted of kings and nobles at the top, followed by peasants.

Hebrew Origins and Exodus

The narrative of the Hebrews began in Mesopotamia.
Hebrews migrated to Egypt around 1650 BCE.
Their mass departure is referred to as the Exodus.
Hebrews were organized into 12 tribes, reflecting their societal structure.

Phoenician Trade Goods

Phoenicians traded wine, weapons, metals, ivory, slaves, and artisanal products made of wood and glass.

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Description

Explore key concepts from Unit 3 related to sociopolitical development in early civilizations. This set of flashcards covers topics such as dynasties, centralized government, and technological advances that influenced society. Enhance your understanding of the historical dynamics that shaped human societies.