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Questions and Answers
Which theory focuses on the understanding of society through scientific principles?
Which theory focuses on the understanding of society through scientific principles?
- Social Dynamics
- Social Darwinism
- Verstehen
- Positivism (correct)
What does Herbert Spencer's analogy of society being like the human body illustrate?
What does Herbert Spencer's analogy of society being like the human body illustrate?
- Social institutions are interconnected and essential for functionality. (correct)
- Only the wealthy contribute to the success of society.
- All individuals are equal within society.
- Society has no rigid structures or roles.
Which concept pertains to the conflict between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie?
Which concept pertains to the conflict between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie?
- Class Conflict (correct)
- Empathy
- Social Dynamics
- Survival of the fittest
Max Weber's concept of Verstehen emphasizes which of the following?
Max Weber's concept of Verstehen emphasizes which of the following?
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Emile Durkheim's Suicide Theory is primarily concerned with what aspect of suicide?
Emile Durkheim's Suicide Theory is primarily concerned with what aspect of suicide?
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Study Notes
Auguste Comte
- Regarded as the "father of sociology".
- Developed positivism, advocating knowledge derived from scientific understanding.
- Introduced concepts of social dynamics (changes in society) and social statics (stability in society).
Herbert Spencer
- Compared society to the human body, emphasizing interdependence of social institutions such as religion and education.
- Introduced the concept of social Darwinism, parallel to Darwin's theory of natural selection.
- Proposed "survival of the fittest," arguing that the affluent should not aid the impoverished, asserting this strengthens societal structure.
Karl Marx
- Focused on social conflict as a fundamental aspect of society driven by competition for resources.
- Highlighted class conflict between the proletariat (workers) and bourgeoisie (owners).
- Predicted a revolutionary uprising of the proletariat against bourgeois dominance.
Max Weber
- Introduced the concept of Verstehen, emphasizing understanding an individual's motivations and actions through empathy.
- Advocated for a deeper comprehension of social behaviors beyond mere observation.
Emile Durkheim
- Developed the suicide theory, examining how social factors like integration and regulation influence suicide rates.
- Investigated the relationship between societal norms and individual behavior, contributing significantly to sociological research.
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