16 Questions
Which theoretical approach in sociology sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability?
Structural-Functional Approach
Ethnocentrism refers to the practice of judging another culture by its own standards.
False
What is the term for learning that helps a person achieve a desired position?
Anticipatory socialization
In Freud's model of personality, the element of the personality that represents a person's efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives and the demands of society is called the _______.
Ego
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, what is the stage where young people lose some of their selfishness as they learn to define right and wrong in terms of what pleases parents and conforms to cultural norms?
Conventional
Match the following stages of development with their descriptions:
Preoperational = Individuals use language and other cultural symbols Formal Operational = Individuals think abstractly and critically
Culture Relativism refers to the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture.
False
What is the term Mead used to refer to widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves?
Generalized Other
What theoretical approach in sociology views society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change?
Social-Conflict Approach
Ethnocentrism refers to the practice of judging another culture by its own standards.
False
What is the term for the recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern?
Manifest Functions
In Freud's model of personality, which element of the personality represents a person's efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives and the demands of society?
Ego
What is the stage of development where individuals first use language and other cultural symbols?
Preoperational
Match the following concepts with their definitions:
Anticipatory socialization = Learning that helps a person achieve a desired position Culture Relativism = The practice of judging another culture by its own standards Model of Personality = Freud's concept of human personality Ethnocentrism = The practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture
Symbolic-Interaction approach views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.
False
What is the term Mead used to refer to widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves?
Generalized Other
Study Notes
Theoretical Approaches in Sociology
- The Structural-Functional approach views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.
- The Social-Conflict Approach sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change.
- The Symbolic-Interaction approach views society as the product of the everyday interaction of individuals.
Functions of Social Patterns
- Manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern.
Cultural Awareness
- Ethnocentrism refers to the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture.
- Culture Relativism is the practice of judging any other culture by its own standards.
Human Needs and Personality
- Freud's concept of Model of Personality reflects our basic drives, or needs, as humans.
- The Ego represents a person's efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives and the demands of society in Freud's model of personality.
Developmental Stages
- Jean Piaget's preoperational stage is the level of development at which individuals first use language and other cultural symbols.
- Jean Piaget's formal operational stage is the level of development at which individuals think abstractly and critically.
Moral Development
- According to Lawrence Kohlberg, the Conventional stage is where young people lose some of their selfishness as they learn to define right and wrong in what pleases parents and conforms to cultural norms.
Socialization
- Anticipatory socialization is learning that helps a person achieve a desired position.
- George Mead's concept of Generalized other refers to widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves.
Theoretical Approaches in Sociology
- The Structural-Functional approach views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.
- The Social-Conflict Approach sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change.
- The Symbolic-Interaction approach views society as the product of the everyday interaction of individuals.
Functions of Social Patterns
- Manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern.
Cultural Awareness
- Ethnocentrism refers to the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture.
- Culture Relativism is the practice of judging any other culture by its own standards.
Human Needs and Personality
- Freud's concept of Model of Personality reflects our basic drives, or needs, as humans.
- The Ego represents a person's efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives and the demands of society in Freud's model of personality.
Developmental Stages
- Jean Piaget's preoperational stage is the level of development at which individuals first use language and other cultural symbols.
- Jean Piaget's formal operational stage is the level of development at which individuals think abstractly and critically.
Moral Development
- According to Lawrence Kohlberg, the Conventional stage is where young people lose some of their selfishness as they learn to define right and wrong in what pleases parents and conforms to cultural norms.
Socialization
- Anticipatory socialization is learning that helps a person achieve a desired position.
- George Mead's concept of Generalized other refers to widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves.
Quiz about different sociology theories, including structural-functional and social-conflict approaches.
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