Sociology Part 3 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following identifies the largest factor for upward social mobility?

Occupation

Wealth

Education (correct)

Social connections

Which of the following would be considered a 'white-collar' job?

Mechanic

Doctor (correct)

Electrician

Construction worker

What social class would a movie star who is the first person in his family to obtain great wealth be in?

Lower-upper class

According to Max Weber, which of the following is not important when looking at social class?

Physical health Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following systems is a person most able to change social status?

Class Signup and view all the answers

The Untouchables are _____.

The lowest-ranking class in a caste system Signup and view all the answers

Describe the obstacles faced by the lower class in a class system.

A person born into a lower class may not have access to the same resources as those in a higher class, including education and financial support. Signup and view all the answers

Explain a class stratification system.

A class system is an open system that allows movement between classes based on achieved status, though challenges remain for those in lower classes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was not a group that made up the Estate system?

Dalits Signup and view all the answers

If you are in a class system that has separated you by race, you belong to the _____.

Apartheid system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not describe the caste system of stratification?

Based on achieved status Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an asset that sociologists use to determine one's social class?

Personal interests Signup and view all the answers

If a celebrity influences a person's opinion on an issue, they are utilizing their ____.

Power Signup and view all the answers

Sociologists rank people based on their prestige. Which of the following factors does not determine prestige?

School district Signup and view all the answers

Sharon makes $40,000 a year as a caseworker for the county. She is offered a job with the state that will pay her $48,000. Sharon takes the job. This is an example of ____.

Horizontal mobility Signup and view all the answers

Sammy became a very successful professional football player and was living an extravagant lifestyle. Due to an injury, Sammy was no longer able to play. This is an example of ____.

Vertical mobility Signup and view all the answers

Sue's family belongs to the lower middle class. Her mother is a teacher, and her father works for a lawn care company. What is this an example of?

Upward intergenerational mobility Signup and view all the answers

According to functionalist sociologists, what maintains order in society?

Inequality Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a core principle of the functionalist perspective of stratification?

Each part of society is independent of each other Signup and view all the answers

According to critics, which of the following is a hypocrisy of the Davis-Moore Hypothesis?

People who protect society should make more than celebrities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a belief of the conflict theory?

Communism purposely makes the rich richer and the poor poorer Signup and view all the answers

Critics of the conflict theory believe _____.

The ability to achieve different levels of rewards is important for society Signup and view all the answers

A system where wealth is dispersed evenly is known as _____.

Communism Signup and view all the answers

According to research, how much do impoverished people spend on their diet?

A third of their income Signup and view all the answers

In 2017, a single person was considered within the poverty level if he or she made less than _____ annually.

$12,060 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes cyclical poverty?

When people move in and out of poverty multiple times Signup and view all the answers

As of 2015, which of the following groups is most likely to live in poverty in the United States?

Hispanic/Latino Americans Signup and view all the answers

As of 2015, which of the following is not a reason feminization of poverty is an increasing trend?

Less women are going into the workforce Signup and view all the answers

In 2015, a disproportionate number of people with disabilities fell below the poverty line. Which of the following statements applies to disabled persons regarding poverty?

Job options for the disabled are limited Signup and view all the answers

If a person is of a mixed racial background, which race should they mark on official forms?

All of the races that they identify with Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of race do sociologists usually focus on?

They focus on social attitudes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following provides the best description of race?

Shared physical characteristics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common way that sociologists can help issues that arise among ethnic groups?

Providing information to lawmakers that help them address issues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would not be considered an ethnic group?

High school history teachers from the Western United States Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding ethnicity?

Many people in the United States have lost connection with their ethnicity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would not meet the criteria to be considered a minority group?

A Latino in a predominantly Latino community Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is accurate concerning minority groups in the United States?

Minorities will soon be the majority Signup and view all the answers

Why was society's response to the AIDS epidemic seen as an example of prejudice against a minority group?

In the 1980s, many viewed AIDS as a disease affecting primarily gay men, which led to delayed government action. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would least likely be considered a minority group in the United States?

A white, Christian male Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be an example of prejudice as opposed to discrimination?

A teacher that believes girls make better students than boys Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following overturned the legally discriminant doctrine of 'separate but equal'?

Brown v. Board of Education Signup and view all the answers

What were segregation academies?

Schools established by southern governments after Brown v. Board of Education Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of de facto segregation?

Housing patterns leading to school segregation Signup and view all the answers

Describe the modern state of de facto segregation in education.

U.S. schools are more segregated now compared to 1964, especially in large cities, due to persistent neighborhood segregation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not something that immigrants have to change when they assimilate?

Their place of birth Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to consider social geography when talking about people who assimilate into a society?

Immigrants usually live in a community with other people of similar backgrounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is one group that was forced to assimilate into American society?

The indigenous population of North America Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be an example of an indirect population transfer?

Voluntary migration for better job opportunities Signup and view all the answers

What event made people around the world start to question the acceptance of population transfers?

World War II and the Holocaust Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is accurate regarding the Geneva Convention of 1949?

It was decided that population transfers were inhumane and a violation of international law. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a common reason why a symbolic interactionist would argue that people are prejudice against people of a different group?

People are naturally hateful of those from different groups Signup and view all the answers

According to social interactionists, which of the following would be an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

An African American teenager at a primarily white high school goes out for sports, despite not liking them, because all of his friends have told him that African Americans are athletes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be an example of Blumer's third premise of social interactions?

You stop eating cake after a very rich piece made you sick. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Education is the most significant factor for upward social mobility.
"White-collar" jobs include professions such as doctors.
Lower-upper class is characterized by individuals who gain wealth without prior familial wealth, such as movie stars.
In a class system, social status is most flexible and allows for changes.
Barriers exist for the lower class, such as limited access to resources and quality education.

Max Weber identified that physical health is not a determining factor in social class.
Social stratification systems vary, with a caste system being more rigid than a class system.
The Untouchables are the lowest caste in a traditional caste system.
Wealth is the primary determinant in class stratification systems.

Mobility and Economic Mobility

Horizontal mobility refers to job changes within the same social class without a change in economic status.
Vertical mobility can be upward or downward, evidenced by fluctuations in wealth, as shown in personal narratives.
Upward intergenerational mobility occurs when children surpass their parents' socioeconomic status.

Functionalist Perspective

Functionalist sociologists argue that inequality helps maintain social order.
Each part of society interacts and is interconnected, which contradicts the idea of independent societal parts.
The Davis-Moore Hypothesis suggests that reward systems should favor those who protect society.

Conflict Theory

Critics claim that conflict theory misrepresents wealth distribution, arguing it doesn't account for the complexities of social mobility.
Conflict theorists believe the achievement of different rewards benefits society overall.
Communism aims for equal wealth distribution, contrasting with income disparity in capitalist systems.

Poverty and Discrimination

Impoverished individuals spend about one-third of their income on diet.
The poverty line for individuals was defined as earning less than $12,060 annually in 2017.
Cyclical poverty involves fluctuating in and out of poverty multiple times.

Race and Ethnicity

Mixed-race individuals should identify with all races on official forms.
Sociologists focus on social attitudes regarding race rather than physical characteristics.
Ethnicity can help identify group issues, and many Americans have distanced themselves from their ethnic roots.

Minority Groups and Prejudice

The future demographic shift in the U.S. suggests ethnic minorities will surpass the white population.
The response to the AIDS epidemic highlighted societal prejudices against the gay community.
Prejudice differs from discrimination; a teacher's belief about students exemplifies prejudice.

Segregation and Assimilation

De jure segregation was legally challenged and ended with key rulings like Brown v. Board of Education.
Segregation academies arose to circumvent integration mandates.
De facto segregation remains prevalent in education due to residential patterns.

Indirect population transfer can occur when groups leave due to circumstances like famine.
The aftermath of WWII led to global questioning of the morality behind population transfers.
Symbolic interactionists attribute prejudice to learned social attitudes, not inherent biases.

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Self-fulfilling prophecies reinforce stereotypes and can shape behavior based on expectations of groups.
Negative consequences of stereotypes can hinder individual's performance and social understanding.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts in sociology with these flashcards covering social classes and mobility. This quiz will help you understand the definitions and examples related to various social strata and occupations.