Sociology Chapter: Understanding Family Types
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Questions and Answers

What is considered the primary metric of a family according to children's views?

  • Genetic ties
  • Economic stability
  • Traditional family structure
  • A loving and supportive atmosphere (correct)

Only nuclear families can effectively raise and socialize children.

False (B)

What parenting style is characterized by strict discipline and low nurturance?

Authoritarian

A ______ family includes a broader network through genetics, marriage, or adoption.

<p>extended</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following family roles with their typical characteristics:

<p>Mothers = Primary caregivers, increasingly working outside the home Fathers = Primary breadwinners, more involved in childcare Grandparents = Significant roles in childcare Siblings = Relationships are negotiable and impact family dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which family type is increasingly common and often includes stepfamilies?

<p>Common-law family (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gay and lesbian parents show significant differences in child adjustment compared to heterosexual parents.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary influence of parents on their children according to family social systems?

<p>Socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What child outcome is associated with dismissive/uninvolved parenting?

<p>Antisocial behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A significant majority of 11-year-olds reported feeling unloved.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of UNCRC Article 12 that is not being well implemented at home?

<p>Listening to children's opinions</p> Signup and view all the answers

93% of children believe that other forms of punishment should be used instead of ______.

<p>spanking</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the parenting style to the associated child outcome:

<p>Dismissive/Uninvolved = Low self-esteem and difficulty in relationships Authoritative = High self-control and independence Permissive = High reliance and low independence Authoritarian = Obedience but potential antisocial behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes close relationships marked by loyalty and affection?

<p>Friends (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bully-victims often have strong friendships and are well-integrated socially.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is thin agency in the context of children's autonomy?

<p>Limited autonomy due to societal constraints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Recess is vital for __________ and connection.

<p>unstructured play</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Bully = Goal-directed harmful act with a power imbalance Thick Agency = Greater empowerment and decision-making power Recess = Vital for unstructured play COVID-19 = Caused learning shortfalls from school closures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial purpose of compulsory formal schooling?

<p>Socialize children into functional adults (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Residential schools in Canada were designed to preserve Indigenous cultures.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been a significant trend in homeschooling during the pandemic?

<p>Increased significantly, especially in Grades 1-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary goal of compulsory schooling in developing countries is to transition children from __ to universal primary education.

<p>work</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following barriers affects compulsory schooling in developing countries?

<p>Inequities in gender and class (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following aspects of discipline in schools with their descriptions:

<p>Control of Space = Regulating student movement and seating arrangements Control of Time = Using timetables and bells to manage activities Control of Body = Expectations on student behavior and movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

The completion rate for Indigenous youth is higher on-reserve compared to off-reserve.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concern regarding standardized tests in education?

<p>They are stressful for children and teachers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nuclear Family

A family unit consisting of parents and their dependent children.

Family Function: Socialization

The process by which families teach children societal norms and values.

Authoritative Parenting

Parenting style characterized by clear rules, high nurturing, and reasoning with children.

Authoritarian Parenting

Parenting style high on strict rules and low on affection; often uses coercion, not reasoning.

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Extended Family

Family unit including relatives beyond parents, children, often connected by blood, adoption, or marriage.

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Diverse Family Structures

Variety of family types, including those of common-law, step, gay/lesbian, adoptive, and others.

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Family Systems

Interdependence of family members (e.g., one family member impacts others).

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Permissive Parenting

Parenting style with few rules and demanding little from the child; highly nurturing.

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Dismissive/Uninvolved Parenting

Parenting style characterized by a lack of limits, warmth, and involvement.

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Child Outcomes (Dismissive)

Children with dismissive parents often have low self-esteem, trouble with relationships, and may act in antisocial ways.

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UNCRC Article 12

International human rights agreement that emphasizes listening to children's opinions.

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Parental Control (Punishments)

Parents controlling a child's time and activities through punishments like grounding/restrictions.

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Corporal Punishment

Physical punishment of children, often viewed negatively by experts as violating children's rights.

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Peers

People who are of similar age and social status.

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Friends

People you have a close relationship with, marked by loyalty and affection.

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Bullying

Intentional harmful behavior with a power imbalance.

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Thin Agency

Limited control over one's life and choices, often due to societal constraints.

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Thick Agency

Strong control over one's life and choices.

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Compulsory Schooling Origin

Formal schooling began thousands of years ago, primarily for wealthy boys. Universal education is a recent concept, with initial resistance.

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Socialization in School

Schools teach moral, mental, and physical discipline, socializing children into functioning adults.

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Canadian Education System

Canada emphasizes standardized testing and strict teacher oversight. Homeschooling is on the rise, particularly in early grades.

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Homeschooling Trends

Homeschooling is becoming more popular, often driven by dissatisfaction with school curriculum, religious beliefs, or trauma experiences.

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Indigenous Residential Schools

Residential schools aimed to assimilate Indigenous children by forcefully removing them from their families, suppressing their language and culture amidst widespread abuse.

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School Space Control

Classrooms are often designed with hierarchy in mind, with fixed seats and limited movement, raising questions about how conducive they are to free learning.

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Standardized Tests

These tests are seen as assessments of individual ability, not school performance. They can be stressful for both students and teachers.

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School Experiences Vary

Marginalized groups face unique challenges within the education system. Social and systemic factors shape each child's school experience differently.

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Study Notes

What is a Family?

  • Western family types often focus on nuclear families (parents and dependent children)
  • Non-Western contexts may have children heading households, which is viewed as competent
  • Family structure is less important than loving and supportive atmosphere, according to children's views
  • Family practices shape and create family life

Family as a Social System

  • Core function: socializing children
  • Includes reciprocal relationships (parents influencing children and vice versa)
  • Family types include nuclear (parents and immediate children) and extended (broader network through genetics/marriage/adoption)
  • Complex systems theory: members directly and indirectly influence each other
  • Example: a child's behavior impacts parent dynamics

Diversity of Family Types

  • Canada has increasing common-law families and stepfamilies
  • One in 250 couples may include a transgender or nonbinary person
  • Adoptive/step-families and gay/lesbian families function similarly
  • Mennonite families are defined by rigid gender roles and short childhoods
  • Diverse family structures are on the rise

Roles in Modern Families

  • Mothers are primarily caregivers, often while working outside the home
  • Fathers are increasingly involved with childcare, but often remain primary breadwinners
  • Grandparents play a significant role due to longer lives
  • Sibling relationships are dynamic and ever-changing, often impacting family life.

Parenting Styles

  • Authoritative: Clear limits, high nurturance, reasoning, rewards over punishment (leads to self-reliant, achievement oriented kids)
  • Authoritarian: Strict discipline, low nurturance (leads to anxiety, aggressive tendencies, dependence in some cases)
  • Permissive: Few limits, nurturant but undemanding (leads to low self-control, reliance)
  • Dismissive/Uninvolved: No limits or warmth, uninvolved (leads to low self-esteem, antisocial behavior, difficulty relating)

Children's Lived Experiences

  • 71% of 11-year-olds feel unloved, this number increases with age
  • Only one-third of children have a say in family decisions (while children express desire for love, care, and support)
  • Children and adults differ significantly on whether listening to children is important
  • UNCRC Article 12 highlights a discrepancy between goals and reality

Corporal Punishment

  • Parenting practices often include control and restriction via punishment
  • Many child development experts are against spanking.
  • Canada allows spanking with restrictions
  • 93% of children think other punishments are acceptable, 94% will avoid spanking in the future

COVID-19 Impact on Families

  • The pandemic drastically changed parenting practices globally

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Related Documents

Children & Family Study Sheet PDF
Unit 7 Children in School Study Sheet PDF

Description

Explore the various concepts of family structures in different cultural contexts. This quiz covers the definition of family, diversity in family types, and the role families play in socializing children. Test your knowledge on contemporary family dynamics and their implications.

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