Questions and Answers
What is social stratification?
What does social inequality refer to?
The unequal distribution of wealth, power, or prestige among members of a society.
What is slavery?
The most extreme form of social stratification, based on the legal ownership of people.
Define Caste System.
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What was Apartheid?
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What does social class represent?
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What is socioeconomic status (SES)?
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Define intersectionality.
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What characterizes the Upper Class?
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Who belongs to the Upper-Middle Class?
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What defines the Middle Class?
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What is the Working Class?
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Define blue collar workers.
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Who are the Working Poor?
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What is the Underclass?
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What is status inconsistency?
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Define the Feudal System.
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What does wealth measure?
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What is prestige?
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What does social reproduction refer to?
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Define cultural capital.
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What is everyday class consciousness?
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What does social mobility mean?
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What is a closed system?
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Define an open system.
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What is intergenerational mobility?
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What does intragenerational mobility refer to?
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Define horizontal social mobility.
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What is vertical social mobility?
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What is structural mobility?
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Define relative deprivation.
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What is absolute deprivation?
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Define homogamy.
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What is heterogamy?
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What does hypergamy mean?
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Define hypogamy.
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What is the digital divide?
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Define the culture of poverty.
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What is the Just-World hypothesis?
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What does residential segregation refer to?
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Define disenfranchisement.
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What is meritocracy?
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What is the simplicity movement?
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What characterizes conflict in social classes?
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Define the Weberian perspective.
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What is structural functionalism?
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Define postmodernism in the context of social class.
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What is symbolic interactionism?
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Study Notes
Social Stratification and Inequality
- Social Stratification: Division of society into groups based on a social hierarchy.
- Social Inequality: Unequal distribution of wealth, power, or prestige among society members.
Forms of Social Stratification
- Slavery: Extreme form of stratification; legally owned individuals.
- Caste System: Status determined by family history, unchangeable.
- Apartheid: Legal racial and ethnic segregation in South Africa (1948-1991).
Social Class and Status
- Social Class: Stratification based on access to wealth, property, power, and prestige.
- Socioeconomic Status (SES): Measures individual’s position within a social class system.
- Upper Class: Wealthiest 1% of the U.S. population; elite group.
- Upper-Middle Class: Highly educated professionals (14% of the U.S. population).
- Middle Class: "White collar" workers with diverse education and income (30% of the U.S. population).
- Working Class: "Blue collar" workers, primarily in manual or service roles (30% of the U.S. population).
- Working Poor: Poorly educated workers near or below the poverty line (20% of the U.S. population).
- Underclass: Poorest group dependent on assistance, making up about 5% of the U.S. population.
Mobility and Change
- Social Mobility: Movement within the social class system.
- Closed System: Minimal opportunity for class movement.
- Open System: Ample opportunities for upward or downward mobility.
- Intergenerational Mobility: Class movement from one generation to the next.
- Intragenerational Mobility: Class movement within an individual's lifetime.
- Vertical Mobility: Movement between different class statuses.
- Horizontal Mobility: Movement within the same class, often through changing occupations.
Social Factors and Capital
- Wealth: Measure of net worth, including income and assets.
- Prestige: Social honor derived from group membership.
- Cultural Capital: Skills and knowledge that provide social advantages.
- Everyday Class Consciousness: Awareness of one’s social status and others' statuses.
Poverty and Deprivation
- Relative Deprivation: Measure of poverty relative to societal standards.
- Absolute Deprivation: Objective measure of poverty by minimum standards.
Partnership Dynamics
- Homogamy: Choosing partners similar in class or race.
- Heterogamy: Choosing partners dissimilar in class or race.
- Hypergamy: Marrying "up" in the social hierarchy.
- Hypogamy: Marrying "down" in the social hierarchy.
Digital and Cultural Divides
- Digital Divide: Unequal access to technology.
- Culture of Poverty: Acceptance of fate among poor communities.
Theories and Perspectives
- Just-World Hypothesis: Belief in a fair and orderly world leads to blaming victims.
- Disenfranchisement: Removal of citizenship rights through various means.
- Meritocracy: Rewards distributed based on individual merit.
- Structural Functionalism: Stratification's necessity for societal function.
- Conflict Perspective: Social classes become increasingly stratified.
- Weberian Perspective: Interrelation of wealth, power, and prestige.
- Postmodernism: Cultural capital is crucial for maintaining social class.
Movements
- Simplicity Movement: Opposes consumerism, advocating for reduced consumption and non-materialistic values.
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Description
Test your knowledge on social stratification and inequality with this flashcard quiz based on Chapter 7 of your Sociology textbook. Explore key concepts such as social stratification, social inequality, and slavery. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of social class dynamics.