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Questions and Answers
What does Containment Theory emphasize?
What does Containment Theory emphasize?
What is the aim of Control Theories?
What is the aim of Control Theories?
To understand why people refrain from committing criminal acts.
What is a Delinquent Subculture?
What is a Delinquent Subculture?
A group of delinquent peers that can influence an individual to commit criminal acts.
Drift Theory asserts that people can only obey the law or break it, with no in-between.
Drift Theory asserts that people can only obey the law or break it, with no in-between.
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What does External Control refer to?
What does External Control refer to?
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What role does Internal Control play in an individual's behavior?
What role does Internal Control play in an individual's behavior?
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What is Natural Motivation in control theories?
What is Natural Motivation in control theories?
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What is the focus of Self-Control Theory?
What is the focus of Self-Control Theory?
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What does Social Bonding Theory state?
What does Social Bonding Theory state?
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What is meant by Social Control?
What is meant by Social Control?
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Who coauthored A General Theory of Crime?
Who coauthored A General Theory of Crime?
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Who developed the Social Bond Theory?
Who developed the Social Bond Theory?
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What is David Matza known for?
What is David Matza known for?
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What did F. Ivan Nye contribute to the study of social controls?
What did F. Ivan Nye contribute to the study of social controls?
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What theory did Walter Reckless propose?
What theory did Walter Reckless propose?
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What did Albert J. Reiss identify as causes of delinquency?
What did Albert J. Reiss identify as causes of delinquency?
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What is Gresham Sykes known for?
What is Gresham Sykes known for?
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Study Notes
Control Theories
- Containment Theory suggests that inner and outer forces influence an individual's likelihood of delinquency, requiring containment measures to prevent criminal behavior.
- Control Theories examine why individuals refrain from committing crimes, operating under the assumption that everyone has a natural inclination towards delinquent acts.
- The Delinquent Subculture refers to peer groups that may encourage criminal behavior for social approval, illustrating the collective influence on individual actions.
Drift Theory
- Drift Theory posits that individuals can oscillate between lawful and unlawful behavior, using techniques of neutralization as justifications for crime in times of weak social control.
Control Mechanisms
- External Control involves agents like parents, educators, and law enforcement that help prevent individuals from committing crimes.
- Internal Control focuses on an individual's self-regulation, including the impact of guilt and societal expectations on behavior.
- Natural Motivation implies a universal propensity for criminal thoughts within society, challenging the notion of unique individual motivations.
Self-Control and Social Bonds
- Self-Control Theory, formulated by Gottfredson and Hirschi, emphasizes self-regulation as a crucial determinant of criminality.
- Self-Concept is tied to containment theory, acting as a buffer against criminal activity akin to self-esteem.
- Social Bonding Theory highlights the significance of societal ties, comprising attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief, in deterring delinquent behavior.
Social Control Agents
- Social Control encompasses various societal influences, such as family, religious institutions, and educational environments, that serve to curb criminal tendencies.
Key Theorists
- Michael Gottfredson co-authored A General Theory of Crime with Travis Hirschi, contributing foundational knowledge to control theories.
- Travis Hirschi is known for developing Social Bond Theory and publishing influential works like The Causes of Delinquency.
- David Matza introduced "techniques of neutralization" and expanded on Drift Theory, providing insights into juvenile delinquency.
- F. Ivan Nye's work expanded on definitions of social controls in delinquency through his publication Family Relationships and Delinquent Behavior.
- Walter Reckless formulated the Containment Theory of delinquency, linking external and internal influences.
- Albert J. Reiss identified delinquency as a product of inadequate personal and social controls, shaping early perspectives on the issue.
- Gresham Sykes collaborated with Matza on "techniques of neutralization," furthering the understanding of delinquent behavior.
Important Concepts
- Techniques of Neutralization serve as cognitive rationalizations for committing crimes when social control is perceived as weak or ineffective.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your understanding of key concepts in Chapter 6 of Sociology, focusing on Control Theories and Containment Theory. These flashcards will help you grasp the reasons behind delinquent behavior and the factors that prevent crime. Perfect for reviewing essential sociological theories.
