Sociology Chapter 1 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What approach is often used to understand what's defined as deviant within a society?

Constructivism

Sociology is defined as the

the systematic study of society and social interaction

Who coined the term positivism and is considered the father of sociology?

Auguste Comte

Define C. Wright Mill's sociological imagination.

<p>how individuals understand their own and others' pasts in relation to history and social structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hypothesis can be defined as

<p>A testable proposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior is referred to as:

<p>Figuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

A paradigm can be defined as:

<p>philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Conflict Theory?

<p>a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups that are competing for scarce resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist claimed that people rise to their proper level in society based solely on their belief in a meritocracy?

<p>Émile Durkheim</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Structural Functionalism.

<p>a conceptual framework positing that each element of society serves a particular function to keep the entire system in equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qualitative sociology can be defined as

<p>In depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a manifest function?

<p>the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are latent functions?

<p>the unrecognized and unintended consequences of any social pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of:

<p>conflict theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Symbolic Interactionism.

<p>a micro-level theory in which shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions form the basic motivations behind people's actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Weber's proposal of anti-positivism influenced sociological researchers to

<p>Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms while examining different social worlds</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Durkheim, which are social facts?

<p>A religious belief, a law, a custom</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Verstechen?

<p>To understand in a deep way</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Understanding Deviance

  • Constructivism is the approach used to comprehend deviance within society.

Sociology

  • Systematic study of society and social interaction.

Auguste Comte

  • Coined the term positivism and recognized as the father of sociology.

C. Wright Mills

  • Developed the concept of sociological imagination, connecting individual experiences with historical and social contexts.

Hypothesis

  • Defined as a testable proposition.

Figuration

  • Analyzes individual behavior in conjunction with societal influences, highlighting their interdependence.

Paradigm

  • Refers to the philosophical and theoretical frameworks used to generate theories and experiments in a discipline.

Conflict Theory

  • Views society as comprised of groups competing for limited resources.

Meritocracy

  • Émile Durkheim asserted that individuals achieve their social standing based on belief in meritocracy.

Structural Functionalism

  • Conceptual framework illustrating that each societal element contributes to maintaining overall system equilibrium.

Qualitative Sociology

  • Involves data collection through in-depth interviews, focus groups, and content analysis.

Functions in Society

  • Manifest Function: Recognized and intended outcomes of social patterns.
  • Latent Functions: Unrecognized and unintended consequences arising from social patterns.

Advocates of Conflict Theory

  • Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were notable proponents.

Symbolic Interactionism

  • A micro-level theory focused on shared meanings and motivations behind human actions.

Anti-Positivism

  • Weber’s proposal encouraging sociological researchers to gain subjective insights into diverse cultural norms.

Social Facts (Durkheim)

  • Examples include religious beliefs, laws, and customs that shape societal behavior.

Verstehen

  • A concept defined as understanding in a profound and deep manner.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards based on Chapter 1 of Sociology. This quiz covers key concepts such as constructivism, positivism, and the sociological imagination. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of fundamental sociological principles.

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