Sociological Perspectives on Family
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Questions and Answers

Which theory emphasizes the importance of women's voices and aims to dismantle patriarchal structures?

  • Feminist Theory (correct)
  • Functionalism
  • Symbolic Interactionism
  • Conflict Theory
  • Conflict Theory views society as a harmonious system that operates for stability.

    False (B)

    What type of family consists of two males or two females with or without children?

    Same Sex Family

    The ___________ clock reflects physical changes and milestones such as sexual maturity and growth.

    <p>Biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the family types with their descriptions:

    <p>Nuclear Family = Parents and one or more children Single Parent Family = One parent and one or more children Extended Family = Includes extended family members living with parents and children Blended Family = One or both parents have children from previous marriages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key change in family life during industrialization?

    <p>Families moved to cities and the focus shifted from only work. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Murstein's Filter Theory, the 'decision filter' comes before the 'trial filter'.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main reasons for increased suicide rates among young people since 1970, according to the text?

    <p>a sense of hopelessness and lack of control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The period of life that follows childhood and precedes adulthood is called ______.

    <p>adolescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each of the following concepts with it's definition:

    <p>Propinquity Filter = First filter in mate selection that is based on availability and geographic proximity. Homogamy Filter = Filter that focuses on similarities like age, race, education, socioeconomic status and religion. Trial Filter = Filter involving cohabitation or engagement to test compatibility. Compatability Filter = Filter focusing on temperament, attitudes, values, needs and roles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the 'Ideal Mate Theory'?

    <p>Attraction based on an individual's unconscious image of an ideal partner. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arranged marriages always happen without the consent of the individuals involved.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a difference between 'emotional infidelity' and 'physical infidelity'?

    <p>Emotional infidelity involves an emotional connection with someone, while physical infidelity involves sexual actions with an outside partner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the 1920s, men paying for activities on dates was seen as a way to demonstrate the ______ they could provide.

    <p>resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following theories with their main focus:

    <p>Evolutionary Psychology = Theories that view mate selection based on parental and procreation characteristics Social Exchange Theory = Mate selection based on the combination of an individual's assets and needs. Ideal Mate Theory = Attraction is based on an individual’s unconscious image of the ideal partner. Developmental Perspective = Understanding what someone has to offer and what they want or need in a partner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the functionalist view, why did marriage evolve as a social institution?

    <p>To meet basic human needs and organize society. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Since 1970, suicide rates have decreased in Canada.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major issues that emerging adults may face when leaving home, according to the text?

    <p>finding full-time employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the pre-industrial era, children were primarily seen as infants until they began ______.

    <p>working</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definition from the text:

    <p>Transition = Movement or change from one state or condition to another. Courtship = A traditional system of dating involving invitations and calling cards. Dating = A modern system of spending time with a romantic interest for recreational or relational purposes. Arranged Marriage = Marriage selected by family with the approval of the couple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Functionalism

    A theory in sociology that compares society to a living organism, with different parts working together to maintain balance and stability.

    Conflict Theory

    A theory that emphasizes how power imbalances and competition for resources (like wealth or power) shape society and its inequalities.

    Symbolic Interactionism

    A perspective that sees society as a product of shared meanings and symbols people use to interact.

    Chronological Clock

    A chronological way of defining adulthood based on the number of years since birth, often linked to legal milestones.

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    Biological Clock

    A biological measure of aging based on physical changes like maturity, growth, and decline.

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    Adolescence

    The period of life between childhood and adulthood. Characterized by physical, emotional, and social changes.

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    Transition

    A change or movement from one state, condition, or place to another. It can be gradual or sudden.

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    Pre-industrialization

    The time before the widespread use of industrial machinery and factories, roughly before the mid-1800s.

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    Industrialization

    A period of rapid industrial growth that transformed societies and economies, starting in the late 1800s.

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    Arranged Marriages

    A system where families arrange marriages for their children, often based on social and economic factors.

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    Murstein's Filter Theory

    A theory that suggests that people filter potential partners through a series of stages, based on factors like proximity, physical attraction, shared values, and compatibility.

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    Courtship

    A process of getting to know each other romantically before marriage, often involving dating, courtship, and engagement.

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    Homogamy

    Belief that people are attracted to those with similar backgrounds, experiences, and values.

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    Ideal Mate Theory

    A theory that suggests that attraction is based on an unconscious image of the ideal partner formed by personal experiences and values.

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    Developmental Perspective on Mate Choice

    The study of how people's understanding of themselves and their needs influences their choices in romantic relationships.

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    Social Exchange Theory

    A theory explaining mate choice as a balance of an individual's assets and deficits, aiming to 'get ahead' in the relationship.

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    Functionalist View of Marriage

    The institution of marriage as a foundation for societal organization, meeting basic needs, and ensuring stability.

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    Cohabitation

    The practice of living together as a couple before marriage, used as a testing ground for compatibility.

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    Emotional Infidelity

    Emotional connection or bond developed with someone other than one's committed partner, often lacking physical intimacy.

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    Physical Infidelity

    Any kind of sexual activity with someone other than one's committed partner.

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    Study Notes

    Sociological Perspectives on Family and Relationships

    • Functionalism: Views society as a system where parts work together for stability and solidarity.
    • Conflict Theory: Focuses on competition for resources (wealth, power) between groups (e.g., classes, races, genders).
    • Feminist Theory: Highlights gender inequality, intersecting with other social categories (race, class), emphasizing women's perspectives, and challenging patriarchal structures.
    • Symbolic Interactionism: Emphasizes daily interactions, shared meanings, and how individuals interpret their social realities based on symbols (e.g., language, gestures).

    Family Structures

    • Nuclear Family: Parents and one or more children.
    • Single-Parent Family: One parent and one or more children.
    • Extended Family: Nuclear or single-parent family living with extended family members.
    • Same-Sex Family: Two same-sex individuals with or without children.
    • Blended Family: One or both parents have children from a previous marriage.

    Life Clocks

    • Chronological Clock: Measures age, defines adulthood in terms of years since birth (e.g., legal age, voting).
    • Biological Clock: Reflects physical changes (e.g., sexual maturity).

    Adolescence and the Changing Family

    • Pre-Industrialization (Pre-1850): Children were seen as laborers, and family relationships often less emotionally involved.
    • Industrialization (Late 19th Century): Shifting from farms to factories changed family lifestyles, and children transitioned to education & employment.
    • 20th Century: Labor laws protected child workers, emphasizing education and school attendance. Teenagers emerged as a distinct demographic group.

    Mate Selection and Marriage

    • Murstein's Filter Theory: Suggests steps in mate selection: field of eligibles, propinquity, attraction, homogamy, compatibility, trial, and decision.
    • Courtship (Historical): Early patterns varied from arranged marriages to formalized dating customs.
    • Dating (Evolution): Evolved from formalized courtship, with changing expectations and motivations.
    • Mate Selection Theories: People are often attracted to those with similar backgrounds (age, race, etc.) and resources.
    • Ideal Mate Theory: Attraction based on an individual's unconscious ideal of the perfect partner. Individuals assess their resources and seek a mate who values them.
    • Developmental Perspective: Individuals need self-understanding before forming relationships. Relationships need to be understood within a personal development framework.
    • Evolutionary Psychology: Explores evolutionary factors in mate selection (e.g., preferences for providers, healthy mates).
    • Social Exchange Theory: Partners seek to maximize benefits while minimizing costs, valuing assets and deficits.

    Divorce and Family Issues

    • Reasons for Divorce: Communication issues, infidelity, financial problems, incompatibility, substance abuse, violence, lack of intimacy, parenting conflicts, mental health issues.
    • Types of Infidelity: Emotional, physical, and online or cyber.

    Young Adulthood and Challenges

    • Young Adult Issues: Leaving home, forming relationships, finishing education, finding employment. Increased instances of mental health issues in young adults.
    • Lifespan Differences: Women statistically live longer than men, affecting caregiving responsibilities.

    Marriage as a Social Institution

    • Functionalist View: Marriage as a societal institution fulfilling basic needs (reproduction, care, socialization).
    • Historical Perspective: Marriage as an economic and social unit, focusing on identifying offspring, responsibilities for children, and family as the primary economic unit.

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    Description

    Explore the various sociological perspectives on family and relationships, including functionalism, conflict theory, feminist theory, and symbolic interactionism. This quiz also covers different family structures, such as nuclear, single-parent, extended, same-sex, and blended families.

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