Questions and Answers
Teaching culture to new members is how society preserves its ______.
self
According to Kohlberg, the three levels of moral development are pre-conventional, ______, and post-conventional.
conventional
In the post-conventional stage, individuals begin to think of morality in ______ terms.
abstract
Gilligan agreed with Kohlberg’s theory but emphasized an ______ of care in moral reasoning.
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In the conventional stage, children consider others' ______ when determining what is right or wrong.
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People are socialized for work environments, while girls are often socialized for a ______ environment.
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Through socialization, individuals learn about culture and ______ which are crucial for self-identity.
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Without socialization, individuals would have no ______.
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Cultural ideas and shared beliefs are important in shaping the ______ of individuals.
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In Kohlberg's stages, individuals progress through different levels of ______ reasoning.
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Gilligan's ethics of care emphasizes the importance of ______ in moral development.
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Gender differences in moral reasoning often result in contrasting views on ______ dilemmas.
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The impact of socialization on individuals can shape their ______ values and behaviors.
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Self-fulfilling prophecy reflects how individuals may live up to the ______ they are given.
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Habitualization occurs when repeated actions lead to established ______ patterns.
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The concept of roles and status is essential for understanding social ______ within a community.
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Societal norms can lead to the perception that a mother is a bad employee when she misses a day of work for her ______.
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Erving Goffman's theory of dramaturgy describes people as actors on a ______.
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George Herbert Mead emphasized that the self is developed through social ______.
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According to Charles Cooley's Looking-glass Self, the first stage of self-development is ______.
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Gilligan's Ethics of Care highlights the importance of relationships and ______ over abstract principles.
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Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development include stages that reflect the ______ maturity of moral reasoning.
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Gender differences in moral reasoning can affect how individuals navigate ______ situations.
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The impact of socialization on individuals can significantly shape their values and ______.
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Study Notes
Levels of Moral Development
- Moral development consists of three levels: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional stages.
- Pre-conventional stage: Children learn through their senses, focusing on their immediate experiences.
- Conventional stage: Children become aware of others' feelings, weighing right and wrong based on societal standards.
- Post-conventional stage: Individuals think abstractly about morality, recognizing the difference between legality and morality.
Cultural Importance of Socialization
- Socialization teaches culture to new members, essential for societal preservation.
- Culture must be transmitted to ensure continuity; failure to do so can lead to a society’s extinction.
Importance of Socialization to Individuals
- Social interaction helps individuals form self-identity by viewing themselves through others' perspectives.
- Through socialization, individuals learn culture, language, and social norms, contributing to self-awareness.
Agents of Socialization
- Socialization is facilitated by various agents such as family, schools, media, and peers, influencing beliefs and values.
Role Performance and Socialization
- Socialization is considered a sociological process distinct from merely socializing; it encompasses how individuals express their roles in society.
Erving Goffman's Theories of Socialization
- Goffman's dramaturgy compares people to actors on a stage, using “impression management” to shape their self-presentation based on audience perceptions.
George Herbert Mead and the Concept of Self
- The self is described as a person’s unique identity, developing through social interactions.
- Mead emphasizes looking at oneself through the eyes of others, facilitating self-awareness.
Charles Cooley and the Looking-Glass Self
- Cooley introduced the concept of the Looking-Glass Self, which illustrates how individuals form their self-image based on how they believe others view them.
- Stages of development include:
- Imitation: Children copy actions of those around them, forming a foundation of their self-perception.
Sociological Example of Self-Perception
- Labels assigned to individuals, such as "slow" or "hard-headed," can lead to self-fulfilling prophecies, affecting their behavior and identity.
Robert K. Merton and Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- Merton explained that false beliefs can create real consequences, exemplified through a “bank run,” where fear of bankruptcy may cause a bank's collapse due to mass withdrawals.
Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s Social Construction of Reality
- They argued that society is created through habitualization, where repeated actions become standardized norms and patterns, shaping societal reality.
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Description
This quiz explores the sociological concept of self through various labels and societal perceptions. It examines how societal attributions can influence individual behavior and identity. Delve into the interplay between self-image and societal expectations.
