Socioecological Model of Health Flashcards

Socioecological Model of Health and Wellness

• Framework illustrating the connection between individuals and their environments, highlighting how living, working, and recreational spaces affect health.
• Emphasizes the importance of various external factors like family, community norms, economic conditions, and public policy.

Social Determinants of Health

• Factors influencing health based on individuals’ circumstances such as the conditions of birth, growth, living, working, and aging.
• Shaped by the distribution of resources, power, and wealth across local, national, and global scales.

Demographics

• Statistical data about populations including age, race, gender, occupation, income levels, ethnicity, and migration patterns.

Population Health

• Focuses on the health outcomes of groups and the distribution of those outcomes, using statistical data to understand population health trends.

Life Expectancy Trends

• Average lifespan increased from 47 years in 1900 to 78.8 years by 2013.
• Life expectancy has risen at a faster rate in several developed countries compared to the USA.

Socioeconomic Status

• Reflects an individual's position in society based on education, income, and job prestige.

Health Disparities

• Variations in health outcomes among different population groups that can be attributed to social, economic, and environmental factors.

Systemic Health Issues

• Health concerns that affect the entire body or are related to overarching systems, impacting overall health and wellness.

Ethnicity and Race

• Ethnicity involves shared common traits and cultural traditions among groups, while race is a social construct based on physical features, not a biological reality.

U.S. Child Mortality Context

• American children face higher risks of mortality at birth and lower odds of survival to age five compared to peers in other developed nations.
• Adolescents in the U.S. experience elevated death rates from homicide and motor vehicle accidents, alongside increased unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections.

Survival and Health Conditions

• Among developed peer countries, Americans have a lower chance of reaching age 50.
• Survivors typically face higher rates of chronic conditions, such as lung disease, cardiovascular disease, and disability.

Urban vs. Rural Health Trends

• Urban residents have a life expectancy approximately two years longer than those living in rural areas.

Racial and Ethnic Longevity

• White individuals generally have a longer life expectancy compared to minority populations.

Economic Factors

• Economics examines how individuals meet their needs and make choices based on available resources.

Public Health Principles

• Public health involves efforts to protect and enhance community health through various initiatives.

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

• Health promotion includes activities geared towards maintaining or improving health states, whereas disease prevention focuses on minimizing health risks and easing disease impacts.

Community Health Definition

• Refers to the health status of a designated group and the collective actions taken to enhance and safeguard their health.