Society and State: Differences and Relationships

What is the primary method used by the State to achieve its purposes?

According to JC Johari, which entity existed prior to another—a state or society?

What is a key characteristic of society that distinguishes it from the State?

What is implied by the term 'community' as compared to 'society'?

What is the relationship between the State and society?

What is the primary function of the State, according to the passage?

What is the relationship between the State and society, according to the passage?

What is the main difference between the authority exercised by the State and society, according to the passage?

What is the analogy used to describe the relationship between the State and society, according to the passage?

Under how many headings did Prof. Barker point out the difference between the State and society, according to the passage?

The Relationship Between Society and State

Society is broader and narrower than the State, referring to the whole community of mankind or a small social group, respectively.

Characteristics of Society

Exercises authority through customs.
Can use moral persuasion, social ostracism, or expulsion.
Cannot imprison individuals for violating its requirements.

Characteristics of State

A political organization and a part of society, but not a form of society.
Exercises authority through laws enacted and enforced by Government.
The only instrument that can legitimately use force.
A structure built within society for the attainment of specific ends.

Prof. Barker's Comparison of State and Society

Purpose: State is a legal association that acts for a single purpose of making and enforcing a permanent system of law and order, while society acts for a variety of purposes.
Organization: State is a single legal organization, whereas society comprises many varieties of organizations.
Method: State employs the method of coercion or compulsion, while society employs the method of voluntary action.

JC Johari's Distinctions Between State and Society

Time: Society exists before the State, with family and community being the oldest social institutions.
Part of Society: State is just part of the society, with the term "society" implying relations and associations of all kinds.
Functions: State and society serve different functions, with the State aiming to maintain social order.

Understand the distinction between society and state, including their definitions, relationships, and boundaries. Learn how society is broader and narrower than the state, and how the state is a part of society.