30 Questions
According to Marxists, social change is primarily driven by:
Class struggles
What term did Durkheim use to describe a societal condition in which moral values are broken down, leading to conflict and disharmony?
Anomie
What do Interactionists attribute societal change to?
Changing values
What marks the beginning of the process of socialization in individuals?
Birth
In the context of socialization, what is primary socialization primarily concerned with teaching individuals?
Attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to their culture
What did Marxists propose as the eventual transformation of society from a capitalist society?
Socialist society
What type of socialization occurs when an individual learns new standards, beliefs, and customs as an adult?
Re-socialization
Which process involves children being in charge of the socialization process?
Reverse socialization
What is the primary focus of the Nature vs Nurture debate?
Influence of heredity and environment on human development
Which factor is emphasized as having the greatest impact on people's development in the text?
Social experiences
What does anticipatory socialization involve learning?
Cultural values for societal positioning
What plays a more significant role in human development?
'Nurture' factors
What do feral children lack due to their upbringing?
Socialization
Which agent of socialization is responsible for passing on skills necessary to survive in a complex society?
The education system
What is the key role of the family as an agent of socialization?
Formation of self and development of identity
What is meant by 'feral' children?
Untamed and wild
Which factor contributes to the lack of social skills in feral children like Genie Wiley?
Isolation from human interaction
Which agent of socialization is characterized by exposure to ideas different from those of the family without deliberate teaching?
The peer group
What is the term used to describe the acquired knowledge that people use to interpret experience and generate social behavior?
Non-material culture
Which type of culture involves tangible things created by members of society such as art forms, food, and buildings?
Material culture
What do we call cultural patterns that distinguish the elites in society?
High culture
Which term is used to describe cultural patterns that are widespread among society’s population?
Popular culture
What are cultural patterns that set apart a segment of a society’s population referred to as?
Sub-culture
What term describes the practice of judging other cultures by the standards of our own culture?
Ethnocentrism
Why is Caribbean culture not considered homogeneous?
Due to the influence of various historical experiences, migrations, and contemporary events
Who were the Europeans that colonized the Caribbean region?
Spanish, French, Dutch, and English
During which period were Africans enslaved in the Caribbean?
Early 1500s to 1838
Why does Interactionism Culture fail to see the role of social institutions in shaping cultures?
It focuses primarily on human interactions
Which group of people contributed to Caribbean culture before 1492?
Indigenous people (Kalinago and Taino)
What major event led to the emancipation of African slaves in the Caribbean in 1838?
Abolition of slavery
Study Notes
Types of Socialization
- Secondary socialization: learning specific training and skills
- Re-socialization: learning new standards, beliefs, and customs, usually as an adult
- Reverse socialization: children taking charge of the socialization process
- Anticipatory socialization: learning a culture or value to gain a position in society
The Nature vs. Nurture Debate
- Explores the importance of cultural (social environment) and biological (heredity) factors in human development
- While genes play a role, social experiences have the greatest impact on people's development
- People learn to become human through social experiences and interactions
Culture
- Derived from the interactions of people
- Created, manipulated, and transformed through human interactions
- Maintained and changed through human interactions
- Not homogeneous in nature, influenced by historical experiences and events
Caribbean Culture
- Influenced by indigenous people, Europeans, Africans, and other groups
- Developed strikingly different ideas about what is pleasant, polite, right, and wrong
Types of Culture
- High culture: cultural patterns that distinguish the elites in society
- Popular culture: cultural patterns widespread among society's population
- Non-material culture: intangible world of ideas created by society
- Material culture: tangible things created by society
- Sub-cultures: cultural patterns that set apart a segment of society's population
- Counter-cultures: cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society
Ethnocentrism
- Judging other cultures by the standards of one's own culture
- Can result in misunderstanding and conflict
Social Change
- Occurs when equilibrium is compromised by some event or external occurrence
- Durkheim: social order breaks down, and society enters a state of anomie
- Marxists: social change is a natural feature of society due to class struggles
- Interactionists: social change occurs because of changing values
Socialization
- The process whereby individuals learn about the culture of their society
- Primary socialization: learning attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to individuals as members of a particular culture
- Agents of socialization: family, peer group, education system
Feral Children
- Raised in near total isolation, without human interaction
- Fail to develop social skills, revealing the importance of socialization
Test your knowledge on societal change theories proposed by Durkheim and Marxists. Learn about concepts such as social equilibrium, anomie, and the impact of breakdown of social order on society.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
