52 Questions
What is the primary purpose of primary socialization?
To develop fundamentally human behaviors and learn about social relationships
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of secondary socialization?
It involves close, personal contacts with those doing the socializing
According to Parsons, what is one of the main purposes of secondary socialization?
To liberate the individual from dependence on primary attachments and relationships
Which of the following is an example of a primary socialization agent?
Family
What is the first primary relationship we form, according to the text?
With our parents
Which of the following statements is NOT true about primary socialization?
It occurs primarily within secondary groups outside the family
What are the two main types of curriculum in education?
Formal and hidden
What is the primary purpose of the hidden curriculum in schools?
To instill values and norms of wider society
How does school help 'emancipate the child from primary attachment' to their family?
It moves children away from affective relationships and introduces them to instrumental relationships
What is the 'correspondence theory' proposed by Bowles and Gintis?
Schools prepare students for adult work by socializing them into values and norms that will make them uncomplaining workers
What is an example of a 'positive sanction' used by schools to reinforce certain values and behaviors?
Gaining of grades, qualifications, and prizes
How does the hidden curriculum in schools promote 'social solidarity and value consensus'?
By socializing students into the values and norms of the wider society
What is an example of a 'role-set' in the school environment?
All of the above
What is one way that schools openly teach values?
Through school assemblies
What is an example of a 'negative sanction' used by schools to reinforce certain values and behaviors?
Detentions, suspensions, and exclusions
How does the hidden curriculum in schools reinforce the value of individual achievement over teamwork?
By valuing academic ability, such as writing essays, more highly than work-related ability, such as bricklaying
What is the main difference between primary socialization and secondary socialization?
Primary socialization involves emotionally charged identification, while secondary socialization is characterized by formality and anonymity.
What role do parents primarily play in primary socialization?
Shaping basic values and teaching acceptable behavior.
How do children actively participate in their socialization process according to the text?
By negotiating their socialization and at times choosing to disobey.
What is an example of a positive sanction mentioned in the text?
Verbally reinforcing good behavior
What is the purpose of social control as discussed in the text?
To bring order, stability, and predictability to people's behavior
Which of the following is NOT a way religions apply positive sanctions on their followers?
Islam's specification of punishments for breaking Shari'ah law
According to the passage, how can religious values be displayed?
Through styles of dress like the Muslim hijab or Sikh turban
Why is it necessary to teach both 'right' and 'wrong' ways of doing things during socialization?
To discourage deviant behavior and maintain social norms
What role does family primarily play in socialization?
Teaching basic norms and values
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way religions are becoming more 'female friendly'?
Increasing the number of women in religious leadership roles
What do positive sanctions typically involve?
Verbally approving good behavior
What does the term 'religiosity' refer to in the context of the passage?
The measure of people's commitment to their religion
How do functionalists view primary socialization according to the text?
As a one-way process from adults to children
According to the passage, which of the following statements about theocratic societies is true?
They may apply punishments to non-believers as well as believers
What is the main purpose of agencies of socialization?
To teach roles, values, norms, and impose sanctions
Which concept is NOT mentioned in the passage as a potential source of conflict within religions?
Disagreements over styles of religious dress
What is the primary function of negative sanctions in the socialization process?
To prepare children for potential consequences in the workplace.
What is a potential long-term effect of the mass media?
Promoting the idea that the active pursuit of goods and services is natural.
Which of the following best describes the 'agenda setting' function of the mass media?
Determining how a particular issue will be discussed and debated.
What is the primary way the media can influence personal value systems?
Through a process of habituation, where repeated exposure to certain images and ideas leads to their acceptance.
What is the primary role of religion in the socialization process, according to the text?
To influence moral values and beliefs about how people should behave.
What is a potential short-term effect of the mass media?
Encouraging people to try different consumer products through advertising.
What is the primary function of positive sanctions in the media, according to the text?
To reinforce the media's message through the use of praise, positive pictures, and uncritical features.
What is the primary way the media promotes certain values over others?
By taking a particular stance on issues, such as an 'anti-European Union' stance in some English newspapers.
What is the primary way the media can influence perceptions of expected behaviors, according to the text?
By reinforcing acceptable and unacceptable forms of behavior through a 'boundary-marking' function.
What is a potential indirect long-term effect of the mass media?
Promoting the idea that the active pursuit of goods and services is natural.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of Mead's symbolic interactionist approach?
Detailed analysis of peer-group dynamics and secondary socialization
What is the primary reason given in the passage for why Mead is considered the 'forgotten' father of sociology?
He did not publish any books during his lifetime
According to the passage, which of the following is an example of a peer-group serving as a secondary agency of socialization?
A youth subculture like hippies or punks
Which of the following is NOT identified in the passage as a potential source of peer-group influence or pressure?
Formal rules and regulations enforced by authorities
According to the passage, what is the primary difference between primary and secondary agencies of socialization?
Primary agencies involve personal interaction, while secondary agencies do not
What is the main reason given in the passage for why peer-group norms and sanctions can vary considerably?
Peer-groups are informal and lack formal rules and regulations
Which of the following is an example of a positive sanction that the passage associates with peer-groups?
Approving gestures, language, and seeking out one's company
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT considered an agency of secondary socialization?
Peer-groups
Which of the following is a key difference between primary and secondary socialization agencies as described in the passage?
Primary agencies involve personal attachment, while secondary agencies do not
Which of the following best summarizes Mead's key contribution to the development of symbolic interactionism according to the passage?
His exploration of the self as composed of the 'me' and the 'I'
This quiz covers the agencies of socialisation and social control, including family, education, peer-group, media, and religion. It also explores the primary socialisation process that occurs mainly within the family, shaping fundamental human behaviors and language acquisition.
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