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Questions and Answers
What was one of the classes of the poor recognized in the 18th century?
What was one of the classes of the poor recognized in the 18th century?
- Wealthy benefactors
- Middle-class workers
- Impoverished rural farmers
- Able-bodied poor (correct)
Which societal changes in the 18th century led to increased assistance needs for the poor?
Which societal changes in the 18th century led to increased assistance needs for the poor?
- Colonial expansion
- Agricultural expansion
- Rural migration
- Industrial revolution (correct)
What was one of the main functions of the Poor Law established in 1834?
What was one of the main functions of the Poor Law established in 1834?
- To encourage private charity donations
- To eliminate all workhouses
- To guarantee financial independence for the poor
- To implement a centralized administration of relief (correct)
Who were the pioneers in social welfare that influenced the organization of the London Charity Organizations?
Who were the pioneers in social welfare that influenced the organization of the London Charity Organizations?
What did the Poor Law Commissioners replace in terms of local administration?
What did the Poor Law Commissioners replace in terms of local administration?
What is the primary focus of social welfare?
What is the primary focus of social welfare?
Which statement best describes the role of social work?
Which statement best describes the role of social work?
What was one of the provisions of the law passed in England in 1536 regarding aid for the poor?
What was one of the provisions of the law passed in England in 1536 regarding aid for the poor?
What was the main purpose of the Elizabethan Poor Laws enacted during the reign of Queen Elizabeth?
What was the main purpose of the Elizabethan Poor Laws enacted during the reign of Queen Elizabeth?
What year did the Act of 1601 that aimed to help the poor get enacted?
What year did the Act of 1601 that aimed to help the poor get enacted?
What significant change was made in the 1572 law regarding the poor in England?
What significant change was made in the 1572 law regarding the poor in England?
Which aspect was highlighted in the Act of 1601 regarding public assistance to the poor?
Which aspect was highlighted in the Act of 1601 regarding public assistance to the poor?
What was a consequence of the law passed in England in 1536 about alms?
What was a consequence of the law passed in England in 1536 about alms?
What major change occurred in the Philippines' social welfare system in 1976?
What major change occurred in the Philippines' social welfare system in 1976?
Which program was initiated by the Ministry of Social Services and Development (MSSD) in the 1980s?
Which program was initiated by the Ministry of Social Services and Development (MSSD) in the 1980s?
What significant legislative act was passed on October 10, 1991?
What significant legislative act was passed on October 10, 1991?
What was a key focus shift in the Philippine social welfare programs during the late 1970s?
What was a key focus shift in the Philippine social welfare programs during the late 1970s?
Who signed Executive Order No. 123 in 1987, reorganizing the Ministry of Social Services and Development?
Who signed Executive Order No. 123 in 1987, reorganizing the Ministry of Social Services and Development?
What was a primary objective of UNICEF when it was established in 1946?
What was a primary objective of UNICEF when it was established in 1946?
What was one of the outcomes of the 1972 Martial Law under Marcos regarding social welfare?
What was one of the outcomes of the 1972 Martial Law under Marcos regarding social welfare?
What was a notable feature of the Social Welfare Administration after its formation in 1951?
What was a notable feature of the Social Welfare Administration after its formation in 1951?
What was one of the main purposes of establishing settlement houses?
What was one of the main purposes of establishing settlement houses?
Who were the pioneers of the settlement movement?
Who were the pioneers of the settlement movement?
What was a key approach of settlement workers towards the urban poor?
What was a key approach of settlement workers towards the urban poor?
What did the establishment of the first medical social work department by Ida Cannon signify?
What did the establishment of the first medical social work department by Ida Cannon signify?
What was one important outcome of professional education for medical social workers?
What was one important outcome of professional education for medical social workers?
Which year marked the establishment of a one-year course in medical social work at the Boston School of Social Work?
Which year marked the establishment of a one-year course in medical social work at the Boston School of Social Work?
What critical question did Abraham Flexner raise in 1915 concerning social work?
What critical question did Abraham Flexner raise in 1915 concerning social work?
What did Ida Cannon mean by saying, 'Human kindness alone cannot solve tangled social problems'?
What did Ida Cannon mean by saying, 'Human kindness alone cannot solve tangled social problems'?
What are the four categories of services provided by the national DSWD?
What are the four categories of services provided by the national DSWD?
Which statement reflects the vision of the DSWD?
Which statement reflects the vision of the DSWD?
What led to the growth of NGOs in the Philippines?
What led to the growth of NGOs in the Philippines?
Which of the following best defines primary NGOs?
Which of the following best defines primary NGOs?
What role does the Philippine Council for NGO Certification play?
What role does the Philippine Council for NGO Certification play?
Who is considered the mother of the social work profession in the Philippines?
Who is considered the mother of the social work profession in the Philippines?
What is the primary focus of secondary/intermediate NGOs?
What is the primary focus of secondary/intermediate NGOs?
How many NGOs were certified by the Philippine Council for NGO Certification over a period of 9 years?
How many NGOs were certified by the Philippine Council for NGO Certification over a period of 9 years?
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Study Notes
Social Welfare
- Everything that men do for the good of society
- An organized concern of all people for all people
- An organized system of social services and institutions designed to aid individuals and groups to attain satisfying standards of life and health
Social Work
- A profession concerned with man's adjustment to his environment and the enhancement of his social functioning
- Primarily concerned with organized social service activity aimed to facilitate and strengthen basic social relationships and the mutual adjustment between individuals and their social environment for the good of the individual and of society
History of Social Welfare
- Europe
- 1536: law passed requiring alms collected to help the sick and poor
- Focus: poor, sick, impotent, individuals with illnesses who could not work
- Provisions: Illegality of begging, Responsibility of society to help, Assistance by and through the local community, Voluntary alms, Under the direction of the state
- 1572: Overseers of the poor appointed, Parliament enacted a public tax for assistance
- 1598: Act passed (revised in 1601) providing a systematic plan for the poor, established public responsibility
- 1601: Elizabethan Poor Laws
- 3 Classes of the Poor: able bodied poor, impotent poor, dependent children
- 18th Century:
- Situations warranting assistance: Industrial revolution, Urbanization, Slums, Anonymity in living
- Assistance methods: Begging, almsgiving, charity, workhouses, orphanages, insane asylums, jails
- 1834: Poor Law
- Centralized administration, country divided into districts, each district had an elective Board of Guardians
- Workhouse: relief was administered to able-bodied individuals only
- 1860s: London Society for Organizing Charitable Relief and Repressing Mendicancy (LCO)
- Focused on social reform, innovations and change
- Pioneers: Octavia Hill and Edward Denison
- 1536: law passed requiring alms collected to help the sick and poor
- United States
- Roots in Elizabethan Poor Laws
- Philippines
- 1949: Council of Welfare Agencies of the Phils, Community Chest of Greater Manila
- Early 1950s: Philippine Youth Welfare Coordinating Council (PYWCC)
- 1951: Social Welfare Commission and PACSA fused into one agency called Social Welfare Administration
- Responsible for relief, concerned with professional administration of public tax-supported welfare programs
- 1968: Marcos signed RA 5416 Social Welfare Act
- Elevated Social Welfare Administration into a Department
- 1970s:
- Martial Law (1972):Marcos set up a crisis government
- Developmental decades (1960s and 1970s): UN focused on development
- 1976: Department of Social Welfare became the Dept of Social Services and Development (DSSD)
- Shift from traditional, institution-based to community-oriented programs
- 1978: Conversion of departments into Ministries
- 1980s: Ministry of Social Services and Development (MSSD)
- Banner program: Self-Employment Assistance, case management system
- 1987: Pres.Corazon Aquino signed Executive Order No. 123 reorganizing the MSSD and renaming it Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
- Emphasized development along with welfare
- 1990s- Early 2008:
- October 10, 1991: RA 7160 or the Local Government Code passed
- DSWD devolved functions, programs, services, direct services workers, budget, and assets to local government units starting 1992
- DSWD became leaner and more responsive
- Four categories of social services: Center-institution based services, Community-based programs and services, Locally funded and foreign assisted projects, Disaster relief and rehabilitation augmentation
- In the 90s, the DSWD moved from service provider to policy and program development, technical assistance, capability-building
- DSWD Vision: Poverty eradication with empowered individuals, families, and communities
- NGOs
- Supplement government efforts, defined as private, non-profit, voluntary organizations committed to socio-economic development
- Growth after the EDSA Revolution in 1986
- Classifications:
- Primary/POs: direct organizations of beneficiaries
- Secondary/intermediate: composed of professionals providing services
- Tertiary: network of NGOs for mutual assistance or special purposes
- 1999: Philippine Council for NGO Certification
- Certifies NGOs based on professionalism, transparency, and accountability
Development of Social Work in the Philippines
- Associated Charities (1917):
- First to use casework
- First to use social workers as full-time, paid employees
- First to hire a trained social worker as its executive secretary (Josefa Jara Martinez and later Asuncion A.)
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