Social Welfare and Social Work Overview

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Questions and Answers

What was one of the classes of the poor recognized in the 18th century?

Wealthy benefactors

Middle-class workers

Impoverished rural farmers

Able-bodied poor (correct)

Which societal changes in the 18th century led to increased assistance needs for the poor?

Colonial expansion

Agricultural expansion

Rural migration

Industrial revolution (correct)

What was one of the main functions of the Poor Law established in 1834?

To encourage private charity donations

To eliminate all workhouses

To guarantee financial independence for the poor

To implement a centralized administration of relief (correct)

Who were the pioneers in social welfare that influenced the organization of the London Charity Organizations?

Octavia Hill and Edward Denison Signup and view all the answers

What did the Poor Law Commissioners replace in terms of local administration?

Parishes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of social welfare?

Aid for society as a whole Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of social work?

To enhance people's social functioning and relationships Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the provisions of the law passed in England in 1536 regarding aid for the poor?

Responsibility of society to help the sick and poor Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Elizabethan Poor Laws enacted during the reign of Queen Elizabeth?

To cultivate a civic sense of responsibility for the poor Signup and view all the answers

What year did the Act of 1601 that aimed to help the poor get enacted?

1601 Signup and view all the answers

What significant change was made in the 1572 law regarding the poor in England?

Appointment of overseers of the poor as civil officers Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect was highlighted in the Act of 1601 regarding public assistance to the poor?

Systematic public responsibility through local care Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the law passed in England in 1536 about alms?

Direct effort to relieve the sick and the poor Signup and view all the answers

What major change occurred in the Philippines' social welfare system in 1976?

It became the Department of Social Services and Development. Signup and view all the answers

Which program was initiated by the Ministry of Social Services and Development (MSSD) in the 1980s?

Self-Employment Assistance Signup and view all the answers

What significant legislative act was passed on October 10, 1991?

The Local Government Code Signup and view all the answers

What was a key focus shift in the Philippine social welfare programs during the late 1970s?

From reactive relief efforts to proactive community programs Signup and view all the answers

Who signed Executive Order No. 123 in 1987, reorganizing the Ministry of Social Services and Development?

Corazon Aquino Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary objective of UNICEF when it was established in 1946?

Address maternal and child health Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of the 1972 Martial Law under Marcos regarding social welfare?

The establishment of crisis management efforts Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable feature of the Social Welfare Administration after its formation in 1951?

A focus on professional administration of welfare Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main purposes of establishing settlement houses?

Address the problems faced by the poor, especially immigrants Signup and view all the answers

Who were the pioneers of the settlement movement?

Jane Addams and Stanton Coit Signup and view all the answers

What was a key approach of settlement workers towards the urban poor?

Recognize them as deserving of respect like any community member Signup and view all the answers

What did the establishment of the first medical social work department by Ida Cannon signify?

The beginning of integrating social work with medical practice Signup and view all the answers

What was one important outcome of professional education for medical social workers?

Enhanced ability to collaborate with physicians Signup and view all the answers

Which year marked the establishment of a one-year course in medical social work at the Boston School of Social Work?

1912 Signup and view all the answers

What critical question did Abraham Flexner raise in 1915 concerning social work?

Is social work a profession? Signup and view all the answers

What did Ida Cannon mean by saying, 'Human kindness alone cannot solve tangled social problems'?

Social problems require professional skills and knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What are the four categories of services provided by the national DSWD?

Center-institution based services, community-based programs, disaster relief, locally funded projects Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects the vision of the DSWD?

To empower disadvantaged individuals and eradicate poverty Signup and view all the answers

What led to the growth of NGOs in the Philippines?

The EDSA Revolution in 1986 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines primary NGOs?

Direct organizations composed of the beneficiaries themselves Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Philippine Council for NGO Certification play?

It regulates the operations and certifies NGOs based on specific standards. Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the mother of the social work profession in the Philippines?

The Associated Charities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of secondary/intermediate NGOs?

To provide professional services to beneficiaries Signup and view all the answers

How many NGOs were certified by the Philippine Council for NGO Certification over a period of 9 years?

858 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Everything that men do for the good of society
An organized concern of all people for all people
An organized system of social services and institutions designed to aid individuals and groups to attain satisfying standards of life and health

A profession concerned with man's adjustment to his environment and the enhancement of his social functioning
Primarily concerned with organized social service activity aimed to facilitate and strengthen basic social relationships and the mutual adjustment between individuals and their social environment for the good of the individual and of society

Europe
- 1536: law passed requiring alms collected to help the sick and poor
  - Focus: poor, sick, impotent, individuals with illnesses who could not work
  - Provisions: Illegality of begging, Responsibility of society to help, Assistance by and through the local community, Voluntary alms, Under the direction of the state
- 1572: Overseers of the poor appointed, Parliament enacted a public tax for assistance
- 1598: Act passed (revised in 1601) providing a systematic plan for the poor, established public responsibility
- 1601: Elizabethan Poor Laws
  - 3 Classes of the Poor: able bodied poor, impotent poor, dependent children
- 18th Century:
  - Situations warranting assistance: Industrial revolution, Urbanization, Slums, Anonymity in living
  - Assistance methods: Begging, almsgiving, charity, workhouses, orphanages, insane asylums, jails
- 1834: Poor Law
  - Centralized administration, country divided into districts, each district had an elective Board of Guardians
  - Workhouse: relief was administered to able-bodied individuals only
- 1860s: London Society for Organizing Charitable Relief and Repressing Mendicancy (LCO)
  - Focused on social reform, innovations and change
  - Pioneers: Octavia Hill and Edward Denison
United States
- Roots in Elizabethan Poor Laws
Philippines
- 1949: Council of Welfare Agencies of the Phils, Community Chest of Greater Manila
- Early 1950s: Philippine Youth Welfare Coordinating Council (PYWCC)
- 1951: Social Welfare Commission and PACSA fused into one agency called Social Welfare Administration
  - Responsible for relief, concerned with professional administration of public tax-supported welfare programs
- 1968: Marcos signed RA 5416 Social Welfare Act
  - Elevated Social Welfare Administration into a Department
- 1970s:
  - Martial Law (1972):Marcos set up a crisis government
  - Developmental decades (1960s and 1970s): UN focused on development
- 1976: Department of Social Welfare became the Dept of Social Services and Development (DSSD)
  - Shift from traditional, institution-based to community-oriented programs
- 1978: Conversion of departments into Ministries
- 1980s: Ministry of Social Services and Development (MSSD)
  - Banner program: Self-Employment Assistance, case management system
- 1987: Pres.Corazon Aquino signed Executive Order No. 123 reorganizing the MSSD and renaming it Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
  - Emphasized development along with welfare
- 1990s- Early 2008:
  - October 10, 1991: RA 7160 or the Local Government Code passed
  - DSWD devolved functions, programs, services, direct services workers, budget, and assets to local government units starting 1992
  - DSWD became leaner and more responsive
  - Four categories of social services: Center-institution based services, Community-based programs and services, Locally funded and foreign assisted projects, Disaster relief and rehabilitation augmentation
- In the 90s, the DSWD moved from service provider to policy and program development, technical assistance, capability-building
- DSWD Vision: Poverty eradication with empowered individuals, families, and communities
- NGOs
  - Supplement government efforts, defined as private, non-profit, voluntary organizations committed to socio-economic development
  - Growth after the EDSA Revolution in 1986
  - Classifications:
    - Primary/POs: direct organizations of beneficiaries
    - Secondary/intermediate: composed of professionals providing services
    - Tertiary: network of NGOs for mutual assistance or special purposes
- 1999: Philippine Council for NGO Certification
  - Certifies NGOs based on professionalism, transparency, and accountability

Associated Charities (1917):
- First to use casework
- First to use social workers as full-time, paid employees
- First to hire a trained social worker as its executive secretary (Josefa Jara Martinez and later Asuncion A.)

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Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of social welfare and social work, including their historical context in Europe. Understand the role of organized social services and the profession of social work aimed at improving societal relationships and individual well-being.