Module 1- PPT L.O. 1.2 Quiz: Social vs Medical Model of Care

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the medical model?

Addressing mental and social problems

Preventing illness and disease

Promoting overall well-being

Treating specific physical diseases (correct)

What is the goal of the Model of Care Initiative in Nova Scotia (MOCINS)?

To prioritize disease treatment over prevention

To reduce health human resource shortages

To provide cost savings to the system

To deliver patient-centred, high quality and safe health care (correct)

What document outlines the functions and principles of health promotion?

The Social Model of Health

The Health Promotion Document

The Charter (correct)

The Medical Model

What is the primary focus of health promotion?

Preventing diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a priority or action area of health promotion?

Promoting personal care products Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the first International Conference on Health Promotion held in Ottawa, Canada in 1986?

A document that provided guidelines for health promotion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the social model of care?

Addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health Signup and view all the answers

Which model places importance on empowering individuals to take charge of their own health and lifestyles?

Social Model of Care Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of the social model of health in reducing inequalities in healthcare service delivery?

Addressing a broad range of social, environmental, and economic factors Signup and view all the answers

Which model focuses on the physical and biological aspects of disease and illness?

Medical Model of Care Signup and view all the answers

In the context of healthcare, what does the social model emphasize that must be addressed for health gains to occur?

Social, economic, and environmental determinants Signup and view all the answers

What allows each person on the care team to function to their full scope of practice according to the text?

Social model of care Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of health promotion?

Preventing diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 priority or action areas for health promotion initiatives?

Promote Medication Usage Signup and view all the answers

What is a major responsibility of professionals and health personnel in health promotion?

Negotiating between differing interests in society Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe the differences in health status of individuals and groups?

Health Inequalities Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of enabling all people to achieve their fullest health according to health promotion?

Closing gaps in health inequalities Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences health beyond a person's immediate control, as mentioned in the text?

Genetic makeup Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant of health in Canada emphasizes the importance of problem-solving skills?

Education and literacy Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant highlights the importance of social support networks in maintaining a sense of control over life circumstances?

Social support networks Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant of health emphasizes the need for a society to have an equitable distribution of wealth?

Income and social status Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant highlights the impact of the physical environment on environmental health, as defined by the WHO?

Physical environments Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant of health emphasizes the importance of access to information for maintaining health?

Education and literacy Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant focuses on the impact of job opportunities and income security on health?

Employment and working conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle of human rights that should be reflected in the language used when discussing dementia?

Respect for autonomy and independence Signup and view all the answers

What was the traditional focus of the language used to describe Alzheimer's disease and other dementias?

Emphasizing the losses experienced by the person Signup and view all the answers

Which philosophy recognizes that individuals with dementia have unique values, personal history, and personality?

Person-centred care Signup and view all the answers

Who applied Carl Rogers' theory to working with people with dementia, emphasizing their social needs?

Tom Kitwood Signup and view all the answers

What does Pillars of PCC stand for in the context of dementia care?

Pillars of Person-Centred Care Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT included among the Pillars of PCC in dementia care?

Prescription & Medication Management Signup and view all the answers

What did Tom Kitwood's book 'Dementia Reconsidered – The Person Comes First' focus on?

'The Person Comes First' approach Signup and view all the answers

In working with people with dementia, what does respecting diversity entail?

'Accepting Risk & Promoting Safety' Signup and view all the answers

'Trust' and 'compassion' are emphasized as part of which care principle in dementia care?

'Love & Trust' Signup and view all the answers

'Positive social & therapeutic relationships' are emphasized in the context of what principle?

'Relationships - positive social & therapeutic' Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym DIPPS stand for in the context of client-centred care?

Dignity, Independence, Individualized care, Preferences, Safety Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of support work in relation to client-centred care?

To demonstrate true client-centred care by treating clients with kindness and respect Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute significantly to population health according to the text?

Educational background Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe gender roles in influencing the health system's practices?

Gendered norms significantly influence the health system's practices and priorities Signup and view all the answers

What does the WHO Constitution state regarding access to healthcare?

'Access to timely, acceptable and affordable health care is a basic right for all' Signup and view all the answers

Which group may face additional health risks due to cultural differences according to the text?

Individuals or groups with cultural practices differing from the dominant culture Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the social model of care?

Empowering individuals to take charge of their health Signup and view all the answers

Which model emphasizes health determinants beyond just biomedical factors?

Biopsychosocial Model Signup and view all the answers

What is the main emphasis of the medical model of care?

Physical and biological aspects of illness Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of the social model of health in reducing healthcare inequalities?

Reducing disparities based on gender, race, and culture Signup and view all the answers

Which model focuses on efficient team care by enabling each team member to function at their full scope of practice?

Social Model of Care Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the social model of health from the medical model in terms of addressing health determinants?

Consideration of social, economic, and environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the medical model of care?

Treating specific physical diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the Model of Care Initiative in Nova Scotia (MOCINS)?

Providing patient-centred, high-quality, and safe healthcare Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a focus of the first International Conference on Health Promotion held in Ottawa, Canada in 1986?

Increasing funding for healthcare research Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of health promotion?

Preventing diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which model places importance on empowering individuals to take charge of their own health and lifestyles?

Health promotion model Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant focuses on social support networks in maintaining a sense of control over life circumstances?

Social environments Signup and view all the answers

How does social support contribute to better health, according to the text?

By helping individuals deal with and solve problems Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor influencing personal health practices and coping skills?

Access to nutritious foods Signup and view all the answers

How does education directly contribute to health and prosperity?

By equipping people with problem-solving skills Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the physical environment is NOT mentioned as directly affecting environmental health?

Internet connectivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of personal health practices, as highlighted in the text?

To make healthy lifestyle choices and prevent diseases Signup and view all the answers

How does income impact living conditions and health status?

By influencing the ability to buy nutritious food and safe housing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Social Determinants of Health?

Differences in health status due to income levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Health Promotion in terms of resources and opportunities?

Reducing differences in health status Signup and view all the answers

Which factor emphasizes the importance of a balanced environment for health resources like food and water?

Sustainable ecosystem Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of professionals in Health Promotion initiatives?

Mediating between different interests in society Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a principle of client-centred care?

Autonomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the medical model, as mentioned in the text?

Focusing on the physical and biological aspects of disease and illness Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a determinant of health, as mentioned in the text?

Educational attainment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of client-centred care in support work?

To provide individualized care and respect for preferences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason people or groups may face additional health risks?

Geographic location Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a principle emphasized by Kitwood's book 'Dementia Reconsidered – The Person Comes First'?

Focusing on the physical and biological aspects of dementia Signup and view all the answers

Which human rights principle emphasizes the importance of treating individuals with dementia as unique individuals?

Respect for dignity and autonomy Signup and view all the answers

Who was Carl Rogers, and what was his significant contribution to psychology?

A psychologist who emphasized the importance of trust and empathy in human relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of person-centered care emphasizes the importance of understanding a person's values and preferences?

Know the person and their values Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Tom Kitwood's book 'Dementia Reconsidered – The Person Comes First'?

The social needs of people living with dementia Signup and view all the answers

Which human rights principle emphasizes the importance of preventing discrimination against individuals with dementia?

Non-discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the Model of Care Initiative in Nova Scotia (MOCINS)?

To improve access to healthcare services for individuals with dementia Signup and view all the answers

Which model places importance on empowering individuals with dementia to take charge of their own health and lifestyles?

The social model Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the social model of care?

The social determinants of health and well-being Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant of health emphasizes the need for a society to have an equitable distribution of wealth?

Economic security Signup and view all the answers

Which key principle of human rights should be reflected in the language used when discussing dementia?

Respect for autonomy and independence Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Models of Care

Medical model of care:
- Focuses on diagnosis, cure, and treatment of illness and disease
- Views the body as a machine to be fixed when broken
- Emphasizes treating specific physical diseases, but doesn't accommodate mental or social problems well
- De-emphasizes prevention
Social model of care:
- Places the person at the center of care
- Allows for meaningful quality of life that respects the holistic nature of each person
- Enables each person on the care team to function to their full scope of practice
- Focuses on prevention rather than cure

Model of Care Initiative in Nova Scotia (MOCINS)

Aims to deliver patient-centered, high-quality, and safe healthcare
Focuses on collaboration between healthcare providers
Uses information on patient needs to determine care organization and delivery
Streamlined processes, faster access to information, and modern technology support staff
Results: better patient care, improved job satisfaction, and potential to reduce healthcare human resource shortages

Health Promotion

Defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health
Focuses on prevention rather than cure
Uses causes of disease as the starting point rather than the diseases themselves
3 principles: enable, mediate, and advocate
8 prerequisites for health gains: peace, shelter, education, safe and adequate food supply, adequate income, sustainable ecosystem, sustainable resources, and social justice and equity
5 priority areas: build health public policy, create supportive environments, strengthen community action, develop personnel skills, and reorient health services

Factors that influence health beyond individual control
Include: income and social status, social support networks, education and literacy, employment and working conditions, social environments, physical environments, personal health practices and coping skills, healthy child development, biology and genetic endowment, and human rights
Canada's version of social determinants focuses on the "bigger picture" of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors

Person-Centred Care

Philosophy that recognizes individuals' unique values, personal history, and personality
Principles: personhood, relationships, participation, empathy, dignity, respect, and individuality
Pillars of PCC: know the person and their values, listen and communicate, empathy and feelings, dignity and respect, accept risk and promote safety, diversity and independence, and professional boundaries and ethics
Importance of language and communication in promoting person-centered care### Medical Model of Care
Views the body as a machine to be fixed when broken
Emphasizes treating specific physical diseases, neglecting mental and social problems
De-emphasizes prevention and focuses on resolving health problems
Measures health negatively, in terms of disease or death rates
Defines health as the absence of disease and high levels of function

Model of Care Initiative in Nova Scotia (MOCINS)

Aims to deliver patient-centered, high-quality, and safe health care
Focuses on the typical needs of patients on the unit to determine care organization and delivery
Uses information on medical conditions, family support, and other factors to streamline care processes
Results in better patient care and improved job satisfaction for healthcare providers

Health Promotion

Focuses on prevention rather than cure
Uses the causes of disease as the starting point rather than the diseases themselves
Has a population focus
Aims to enable people to achieve their fullest health by closing health inequalities
Involves 8 pre-requisites: peace, shelter, education, safe food supply, adequate income, sustainable ecosystem, social justice, and equity

Influences health beyond individual control
Includes factors such as income, social status, education, employment, and physical environment
The 12 key determinants of health in Canada: income, social support networks, education, employment, physical environment, health services, biology, and genetic endowment, personal health practices, coping skills, healthy child development, and culture

Person-Centered Care (PCC)

Recognizes individual values, personal history, and personality
Includes the pillars of personhood, relationships, participation, empathy, dignity, and respect
Focuses on the person's autonomy, independence, and quality of life

Places the person at the center of care
Addresses social, economic, and environmental determinants of health
Empowers individuals to take control of their health and lifestyle
Reduces health inequalities based on age, gender, race, culture, socioeconomic status, and location

Medical model focuses on physical and biological aspects of disease and illness
Social model focuses on social, economic, and environmental determinants of health
Both models are required for a collaborative approach to healthcare

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Description

Test your knowledge on the differences between the social model of care, which focuses on the holistic nature of each person, and the medical model of care, which is based on evidence for diagnosis and treatment of conditions. Learn about the importance of person-centered care and efficient team collaboration.