Social Psychology Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which factor does NOT influence the accessibility of a concept from long-term memory?

  • Distraction (correct)
  • Frequency
  • Recency
  • Goals

    • Cognitive conservatism leads to an unbiased processing of information.

    False

    What is the term for the tendency to favor information that confirms prior beliefs?

    Confirmation bias

    The tendency to remember information presented first more strongly than later information is known as the ______.

    <p>Primacy Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following biases with their descriptions:

    <p>Primacy Effect = Favoring initial information over later information Confirmation Bias = Seeking information that supports prior beliefs Recency Effect = Easily recalling information presented recently Cognitive Conservatism = Maintaining established beliefs despite new information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does social cognition primarily focus on?

    <p>How cognition is influenced by social contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thought and cognition are completely interchangeable terms in social psychology.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by impression formation?

    <p>The process through which individuals form descriptive and evaluative judgments of a target person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In research, the ______ includes a detailed report of results observed, often through graphs and tables.

    <p>results section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the key components of a research article with their purposes:

    <p>Measures = Operationalizes and measures variables Conclusion = Sums up results and connects to existing literature Limitations = Highlights weak points and suggests future research References = Lists sources in a standardized format</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes cognitive processes in social cognition?

    <p>Automatic mental processes that are often unconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Impression formation is solely based on one’s physical appearance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the limitations section in a research article?

    <p>It stresses potential weak points in the research and proposes future research directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does IAT stand for in psychology research?

    <p>Implicit Association Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cognitive dissonance occurs when attitudes and behaviors are consistent with each other.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary psychological concept explains why individuals may justify their actions when their attitudes and behaviors conflict?

    <p>Cognitive dissonance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ effect refers to the phenomenon where more exposure to a previously unknown object leads to a more positive attitude towards it.

    <p>mere exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following processes of attitude change to their descriptions:

    <p>Deliberation = Consciously changing attitude through reasoning Social Influence = Changing attitude by the influence of others Cognitive Dissonance = Awareness of inconsistencies within attitudes and behaviors Exposure = Changing attitude through learning more about an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a way cognitive dissonance can be resolved?

    <p>Ignoring or denying inconsistencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Researchers found that attitudes can change only through internal forces, not external forces.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the study by Bastian and colleagues, what type of food snacks were participants offered after the experiment?

    <p>Meat snack or fruit snack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The theory of ________ states that attitudes were initially good predictors of behavior.

    <p>attitude-behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychologist is associated with the cognitive dissonance theory?

    <p>Festinger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an individual belongs to a low status group?

    <p>They are motivated to change their group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cultures that emphasize interdependent selves value competition over cooperation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for categorizing oneself into a higher status group?

    <p>Individual mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cultures focusing on an independent self, _____ is valued more than solidarity.

    <p>achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the cultural focus with its characteristic:

    <p>Independent self = Focus on autonomy Interdependent self = Social dimension weighs more Competitive behavior = Individuals prioritize personal success Cooperative behavior = Emphasis on social norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Civil Rights movement is an example of intergroup competition.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When group boundaries are impermeable, what is the primary strategy individuals use?

    <p>Intergroup competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who conducted research on cultural differences in identity in 1991?

    <p>Markus and Kitayama</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prevention regulatory focus primarily motivate individuals to do?

    <p>Avoid failure and fulfill obligations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Self-efficacy is a general expectation to succeed in all aspects of life.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique involves making certain information accessible to induce a regulatory focus?

    <p>Task priming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Self-efficacy is influenced by ________ experiences, vicarious experiences, communication, and physiological feedback.

    <p>mastery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the term with its correct definition.

    <p>Prevention focus = Motivation to avoid failure and fulfill obligations Subliminal priming = Influencing behavior through subtle exposure to stimuli Self-esteem = Evaluation of oneself through social comparisons Self-efficacy = Belief in one's ability to execute specific tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as influencing self-efficacy?

    <p>Social media exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regulatory focus can only be manipulated experimentally by subliminal priming.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do individuals focus on when they are in a prevention regulatory focus?

    <p>Duties and obligations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Self-esteem derives from the ________ we do of ourselves through self-comparison.

    <p>evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome is associated with a strong prevention regulatory focus?

    <p>Greater sensitivity to punishment and threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the denial of human qualities to discriminated groups?

    <p>Dehumanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dehumanization can lead to the legitimacy and acceptance of discrimination.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of dehumanization described in the content?

    <p>Animalistic and Mechanistic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dehumanization involves placing certain groups outside of the ______ human group.

    <p>common</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Martinez's experiment, what type of words were more likely associated with the in-group?

    <p>Human words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of dehumanization with its description:

    <p>Animalistic = Denial of rationality and culture Mechanistic = Denial of emotional responsiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals may find it easier to discriminate against others if they view them as having animalistic qualities.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main finding of the Martinez experiment in Spain?

    <p>Participants associated human words more with in-group members and animal/machine words more with out-group members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Psychology

    • Social psychology is the scientific investigation of how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are affected by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
    • Key questions addressed by social psychology:
      • Why do people fall for fake news?
      • Why do people choose specific products?
      • What traits are valued in leaders?
      • Why do people obey or disobey authority?
      • How can discrimination and conflict be overcome?
      • How can groups cooperate?

    Fundamental Concepts

    • The mind is analogous to a computer: "hardware" (brain) and "software" (cognition)
    • Recent research emphasizes the complex relationship between the human mind and physiology, known as embodied cognition
    • Attention acts as a filter:
      • Selective/Directed attention: Requires effort to screen out irrelevant information (inhibition)
      • Automatic attention/Salience: Attracted to vivid or contextual stimuli
    • Memory:
      • Short-term memory (STM): Limited capacity (18-30 seconds) extended by repetition.
      • Working memory: Multi-component model (central executive, visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, episodic buffer): Holds information briefly while carrying out mental operations. Used for learning and reasoning.
      • Long-term memory: Large capacity; stores information for a lifetime. Organized associatively (e.g., networks of interconnected concepts).

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on various concepts in social psychology with this engaging quiz. Explore topics like cognitive biases, impression formation, and the fundamentals of social cognition. Perfect for students studying psychology or anyone interested in understanding how we think and interact.

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