PS1030 - Theory, Method, and the Critical Turn

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Questions and Answers

Which theoretical approach is NOT mentioned in the lecture outline?

Cognitive psychology

Social neuroscience

Evolutionary psychology

Behavioral economics (correct)

What major theme is emphasized in the research focus of the lecture?

Gender and sexualities (correct)

Animal behavior

Neurological disorders

Cognitive biases

What method is considered part of the qualitative approaches discussed?

Regression analysis

Meta-analysis

Discourse Analysis (correct)

Experimental design

Which of the following outcomes does NOT align with the lecture's objectives?

Outlining key economic principles of behavior Signup and view all the answers

In what context is the term 'critical psychologies' mentioned?

They critique the underlying assumptions of the scientific method. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key influences on social psychology highlighted in the lecture outcomes?

Critical race theory Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative focus of research mentioned in the lecture related to masculinity?

Masculinity and help-seeking at university Signup and view all the answers

What describes the critical turn in psychology mentioned in the lecture?

An exploration of qualitative methods in psychological research Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes predatory murderers from affective murderers regarding their aggressive impulses?

Predatory murderers have better prefrontal functioning. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes storytelling in the context of evolutionary psychology?

Storytelling is an adaptive behavior linked to reproductive success. Signup and view all the answers

What event significantly contributed to the prominence of the Black Lives Matter movement?

The murder of George Floyd in May 2020. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of social psychology is highlighted by the Black Lives Matter movement?

The impact of social media on collective activism. Signup and view all the answers

How did evolutionary pressures influence social behaviors according to the content?

They facilitated the survival and reproduction of species. Signup and view all the answers

What was a common belief regarding George Zimmerman's defense during his trial?

He used self-defense as a mitigating circumstance. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the nature of aggression among murderers is true?

Predatory murderers can control aggressive impulses effectively. Signup and view all the answers

What role did storytelling play in hunter-gatherer societies?

It facilitated social cooperation and interaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivation for a man to overcompensate in terms of masculinity?

To avoid being perceived as gay Signup and view all the answers

According to the discussion, how are 'gay' men's masculinities often viewed?

As inauthentic and compensating for a perceived masculine 'failure' Signup and view all the answers

What does Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) aim to produce?

Unique, detailed accounts of human experiences Signup and view all the answers

What behavior reflects the speaker's desire for a masculine image while in a gay bar?

Singing openly and publicly with friends Signup and view all the answers

What does the speaker express about their preferred perception by others?

They want to be viewed as quite manly Signup and view all the answers

Lewis Terman's work primarily contributed to the categorization of which group as 'sexually deviant'?

Homosexual individuals Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change made in the DSM regarding homosexuality in 1973?

It was removed as a disorder entirely Signup and view all the answers

The term 'Ego-dystonic homosexuality' was introduced in which version of the DSM?

DSM-III Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in developing a psychological experiment?

Develop a theory based on existing knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What was the underlying motivation behind Terman's categorization of certain individuals?

Eradication of LGBTQ+ individuals Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the scientific method emphasizes that laws govern human behavior?

Universality Signup and view all the answers

In positivist social psychological research, what is a critique regarding the nature of human subjects?

Humans are influenced by myriad factors affecting thoughts and behavior Signup and view all the answers

Before it was removed in DSM-III-R, homosexuality was classified under what term in DSM-II?

Sexual deviation Signup and view all the answers

Kraft-Ebbing associated homosexuality with which concept in the 19th century?

Congenital disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of quantitative research noted in the content?

Researchers subjectively influence which variables to study Signup and view all the answers

What did the DSM-V, published in 2013, finally remove regarding sexual orientation?

Distress over sexual orientation Signup and view all the answers

What does the objectivity principle in the scientific method assert?

Knowledge can be known using scientific methods, independent of values Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misunderstanding about quantitative research?

It is viewed as the only valid form of scientific research. Signup and view all the answers

What behavioral experiment is associated with Pavlov and his dogs?

Classical conditioning Signup and view all the answers

How might a quantitative researcher treat outlier data from a participant?

They might ignore it as it does not align with normal distributions Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a belief that most studies learned in psychology are quantitative?

Science is culturally privileged in the Western world, leading to a focus on quantitative studies Signup and view all the answers

What is the racial threat hypothesis related to the Black Lives Matter movement?

It indicates that increased minority populations lead to stronger social controls by the dominant group. Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant finding regarding Black Lives Matter opposition among specific demographics?

Older, Republican, and conservative men are more likely to oppose BLM. Signup and view all the answers

How did social media influencers typically use black squares during the Black Lives Matter movement?

As a performative allyship strategy to maintain credibility. Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of the 'memeification' of social justice activism identified in the research?

It resulted in a lack of sustainable engagement with the movement. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the role of social influence in social justice activism?

It can motivate individuals to participate in movements like BLM. Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial element in understanding individual and situational variables leading to police brutality?

Both situational and individual variables can contribute to brutality. Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective can help minorities influence majorities in a societal context?

Effective communication of minority perspectives can shift majority viewpoints. Signup and view all the answers

In the study of social psychology, what philosophical considerations are pivotal in understanding research?

Ontology and epistemology provide frameworks for understanding reality. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lecture Summary

The lecture covers the themes of storytelling, Black Lives Matter, philosophy, and dogs.
The lecture is part of a course titled PS1030 Understanding Individuals and Groups, specifically lecture 2.
The lecture's focus is on theory, method, and the critical turn in psychology.

Introduction

The lecturer is Dr. James P Ravenhill.
The lecture briefly introduces critical psychology, feminism, queer theory, and qualitative research methods.
Studies related to gender and sexuality, including gay masculinities, bisexual men's well-being, and intimate relationships in specific contexts (e.g., forensic mental healthcare) are highlighted.
The course also covers social psychology, addiction, and qualitative methods.

The lecture has four parts: Theory, Method (1), The critical turn, and Method (2).
Part 1 focuses on theories including Behaviourism, Cognitive psychology, Social neuroscience, Evolutionary psychology, and Application of social psychology.
Part 2 covers the philosophies of research and the scientific method.
Part 3 investigates the critical turn, including the dark history of psychology, critical psychology, and qualitative methods.
Part 4 focuses on the approaches of qualitative research methods in social psychology.

Outcomes

Students will outline key theoretical influences on social psychology.
Students will explain the applied value of social psychological research.
Students will describe the scientific approach in social psychology.
Students will describe qualitative approaches in social psychology.
Students will outline and critique positivist assumptions in psychology.
Students will understand how critical psychologies offer alternative perspectives for understanding human experience.

Content Advisory

The lecture may include descriptions of animal cruelty, racism, violent crime, eugenics, homophobia, and gender essentialism.
There are no graphic images.
The lecture contents are designed to illuminate the past of psychology.

Specific Topics

(Neo)-Behaviourism: Learning via association and reinforcement.
Cognitive Psychology: The role of thinking in social behaviour, including dissonance theory and attribution theories.
Social Neuroscience: The role of neurophysiology, and use of brain measurement tools such as fMRI.
Evolutionary Psychology: A focus on evolutionary influences on social behaviours. Concepts include storytelling as a form of social adaptation.
Qualitative Research: Includes various methods, such as diaries, policy documents, maps, videos, and open-ended survey questions.
The Scientific Method: Covers methodological underpinnings, including principles of universality, individualisation, and objectivity.
Psychology's Darker Past: Explores topics such as intelligence and eugenics, homosexuality's treatment as a disease, and the ethical treatment of research participants in historical context.
Critical Psychology: Discusses the critical turn in psychology, including the need to consider the historical and social contexts of knowledge production, and the marginalization of particular groups within the discipline and culture at large, as well as addressing the concept of the "epistemic fallacy.”
Methodologies: Positivist & Qualitative methods are described.
#BlackLivesMatter: This social movement and its connection to social psychology is discussed as well as the issues of racism and prejudice.

Additional Note

Students should create a glossary of new terms introduced in the lecture.
The lecture aims to encourage students to critically evaluate the knowledge presented.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key themes and concepts discussed in the lecture about social psychology and critical approaches. This quiz covers theoretical frameworks, research focuses, and the impact of social movements like Black Lives Matter. Assess your understanding of qualitative methods and their relevance to the study of masculinity.