Social Pharmacy Chapter 6 - Ethics in Pharmacy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a role of a pharmacist?

  • Marketing
  • Manufacturing
  • Playing video games (correct)
  • Sorting

    • The role of the pharmacist is increasingly becoming more patient-focused.

    True

    What are ethical dilemmas typically caused by?

    disagreements on ethical behavior or application

    What is the branch of philosophy that examines moral values of right and wrong human conduct?

    <p>ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a principle included in pharmacy ethics?

    <p>Financial gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The values and ethical principles governing pharmacy practice encourage right human conduct.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do pharmacy ethics guide pharmacists for?

    <p>patient care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason behind ethical dilemmas in pharmacy?

    <p>Patient satisfaction rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is no problem of flow of information between healthcare professionals and patients.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of placebo products can create a difficult situation for both physicians and pharmacists.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical dilemma is involved in the use of placebos?

    <p>not telling the truth for the patient's benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The physician always initiates the action and the pharmacist is expected to go along with the deception.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical dilemma if a patient refuses to take a drug?

    <p>The pharmacist knows the patient may suffer or die as a result.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical dilemma if a patient needs a drug but has no money to pay the pharmacist?

    <p>the patient needs the drug but has no money to pay the pharmacist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical dilemma if the drug is for AIDS and the pharmacist knows that the patient's wife is unaware of her husband's condition?

    <p>the drug is for AIDS and the pharmacist knows that the patient's wife is unaware of her husbands condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical dilemma when a patient asks for further information or suspects a prescription for a placebo?

    <p>The pharmacist must decide whether to inform the patient about the truth or continue supporting the physician's perceived intent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an ethical dilemma a pharmacist must consider when a patient might present a prescription for a dosage regimen of four times a day?

    <p>Whether to follow the prescription or adjust the regimen to improve compliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym APhA stand for?

    <p>American Pharmacists Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical principle of 'autonomy' according to the APhA's Code of Ethics?

    <p>An action is right if it respects the autonomy, independent choice, of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical principle of 'veracity' according to the Code of Ethics for Pharmacists?

    <p>Telling the truth is right.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical principle of 'fidelity' according to the American Pharmacists Association's Code of Ethics?

    <p>Keeping promises is right.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Code of Ethics for Pharmacists encourages pharmacists to avoid killing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical principle of 'justice' according to the Code of Ethics for Pharmacists?

    <p>Fair distribution of good and harm is right.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist is expected to always act with honesty and integrity in professional relationships.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist is expected to maintain professional competence.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist is expected to respect the values and abilities of colleagues and other health professionals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist should serve only individual needs and not community or societal needs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist should seek justice in the distribution of health resources.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to consider the patient-pharmacist relationship as a covenant?

    <p>It implies a moral obligation on the part of the pharmacist to act in the best interests of the patient, returning the trust given by society and the patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist is expected to place concern for the well-being of the patient at the center of professional practice.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist promotes the right of self-determination for the patient.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist is expected to avoid discriminatory practices in their professional work.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean for a pharmacist to maintain professional competence?

    <p>Pharmacists have a continuing duty to update their knowledge and skills as new medications, devices, and technologies become available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist should refer patients to other healthcare professionals if their expertise is limited.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary obligation of a pharmacist is to individual patients, and their obligations do not extend beyond this.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pharmacist should be fair and equitable in the allocation of health resources.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ethical decision making is primarily based on intuition and personal beliefs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three fundamental assumptions on which ethical decision making is based?

    <p>The ethical principles and values of the profession, the legal framework within which the profession operates, and the professional code of ethics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in making an ethical decision?

    <p>Identify the problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'moral parameters' in the context of ethical decision making?

    <p>Moral parameters refer to the values and principles that are at stake in the dilemma, often involving conflicting ethical principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human values are not considered important in ethical decision making.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of identifying relevant ethical principles for each alternative action?

    <p>To analyze the ethical implications of each alternative action and decide which option aligns best with ethical principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ethical decision making is a straightforward and quick process, usually requiring minimal effort.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to justify your ethical decision?

    <p>It demonstrates clarity of thought, consistency with ethical principles, and accountability for your actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key points to consider when anticipating objections to your ethical decision?

    <p>You should anticipate objections from other pharmacists who may hold different values or perspectives, and be prepared to address challenges based on factual errors or faulty reasoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Pharmacy - Chapter 6

    • Course: PHR 118
    • University: Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University
    • Faculty: Pharmacy

    مبادئ أخلاقيات الصيدلة Principles of - patient-focused.

    • This shift leads to more ethical dilemmas.
    • There's a growing need to teach pharmacy students ethical decision-making.

    Role of Pharmacist

    • Manufacturing
    • Sorting
    • Marketing
    • Regulatory Affairs
    • Formulations
    • Dispensing
    • Medical team interaction
    • Academic endeavors
    • Research
    • Consultations

    Introduction

    • Pharmacists' roles are evolving towards patient-centered care.
    • Patient-focused care increases the frequency of ethical dilemmas for pharmacists.
    • Training pharmacy students in ethical decision-making is crucial.

    Why Ethical Dilemmas Occur

    • Ethical dilemmas arise from disagreements about ethical behavior or its application.
    • Ethics is the philosophical study of morality and right/wrong conduct.
    • Morals are rules that govern behavior.

    Pharmacy Ethics

    • Pharmacy ethics are values and principles guiding pharmacy practice.
    • These guide pharmacists in patient care, upholding moral obligations and excellence.
    • Principles include: beneficence (doing good), least harm, respect for autonomy, and justice.

    Reasons Behind Ethical Dilemmas

    • Differences in values and sense of justice between parties.
    • Legal liability concerns impacting physicians' and pharmacists' actions.
    • More available health information and technology create communication problems, resulting in issues between physicians and pharmacists.
    • Problems with information flow between healthcare professionals and patients: Patients' rights, confidentiality, and truthfulness are increasingly hard to consider correctly.

    Ethical Dilemma Between Pharmacists and Physicians

    • Issues over placebo prescriptions.
    • Decisions may involve not telling the truth to benefit patients (initiated by physicians, pharmacists are expected to cooperate).

    Ethical Dilemma Examples

    • Patient refusal to take medication despite risk, potentially deadly consequences.
    • Patients with limited or no financial resources needing medications.
    • A patient's medication needs are undisclosed to the patient's wife, even though the pharmacist knows the medication is for a condition concerning the patient's wife.

    Ethical Dilemma Between Pharmacists and Patients

    • Prescriptions with complex or multiple dosages.
    • Patient difficulties following complex medication regimens.
    • Potential for harm due to adherence challenges.

    Code of Ethics for Pharmacists (APhA)

    • Autonomy: Respect for the individual choice of others
    • Veracity: Truthfulness
    • Fidelity: Loyalty and promise-keeping
    • Avoiding Killing: Taking human life is wrong
    • Justice: Fair distribution of resources

    Additional Ethical Principles

    • A pharmacist respects the patient-pharmacist relationship.
    • Pharmacists promote patient well-being in a caring, compassionate, and confidential manner.
    • Pharmacists respect the autonomy and dignity of each patient.
    • Pharmacists act with honesty and integrity in professional relationships.
    • Pharmacists maintain professional competence, staying aware of new medications, devices, technologies, and health advancements.
    • Pharmacists respect the values and abilities of other health care professionals.
    • Pharmacists consider needs of individuals, communities, and society.
    • Pharmacists strive for justice in the fair distribution of healthcare resources.

    Ethical Decision Making

    • Three fundamental assumptions:
      • Ethical principles and values of the profession
      • Legal framework
      • Professional code of ethics
    • Procedure for making ethical decisions (steps):
      • Define the problem: Facts, risks, people involved.
      • Examine moral issues: Values involved and conflicts.
      • Evaluate legal considerations: Relevant laws and regulations.
      • Consider possible and preferred outcomes.
      • Apply ethical principles to options.
      • Determine any emerging ethical problems and solutions.
      • Select the best course of action.
      • Justify the choice by explaining reasoning to others.
      • Anticipate and manage objections.

    Five Ethics of Life—General Advice

    • Listen before speaking
    • Earn before spending
    • Think before writing
    • Try before quitting
    • Live before dying

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    Pharmacy Ethics - Chapter 6 PDF

    Description

    Explore the evolving role of pharmacists in patient-centered care and the ethical dilemmas they face. This quiz focuses on the principles of pharmacy ethics, ethical decision-making, and the responsibilities of pharmacists. Test your understanding of how ethics shapes pharmacy practice in today's healthcare environment.

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