Social Networking and Innovation Strategy
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Questions and Answers

What does 'strategic' refer to in the context of war?

How wars are won, including when, where, and whether to fight battles, as well as preparing for war by understanding external threats and opportunities.

What are tactical issues in an innovation perspective?

How firms manage R&D activities, develop new products and services, and improve operations.

What are strategic matters in an innovation perspective?

Analysis of the firm's competitive and technological environment, and assessment of its external challenges and opportunities.

What is the main difference between innovation strategy and mainstream business strategy?

<p>Innovation strategy needs to comprehensively accommodate uncertainty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are common approaches to business strategy often inappropriate for innovative businesses?

<p>Because they cannot accommodate uncertainty and unknowable futures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of uncertainty in the strategic management of incremental innovation?

<p>Some uncertainty is always present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'fog of war' in the context of innovation strategy?

<p>Uncertainty about one's own capabilities and the capabilities and intent of adversaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of innovation strategy?

<p>To prioritize and develop the right technological innovations by ensuring that appropriate resources, capabilities, and processes are used to their best effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of innovation strategy according to Hambrick and Frederickson (2001)?

<p>Comprehensive and coherent approaches to how business issues fit together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of strategy is described as implicit and only partially communicated to staff, customers, and suppliers?

<p>Unwritten or implicit strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of sectors or markets often have explicit strategies for innovation?

<p>Well-established sectors and stable business environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of sound, enacted innovation strategies?

<p>Statements on the role of innovation in meeting corporate strategic objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should an innovation strategy involve in terms of market understanding?

<p>An accurate understanding of market trends and technological and competitive circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of an innovation strategy in terms of resources and capabilities?

<p>Plans for developing and mobilizing resources and innovative capabilities in a timely manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of innovation strategies in rapidly changing or emerging sectors?

<p>Emergent and less specific strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some parts of a business have a relatively straightforward innovation process?

<p>Because they involve simple research-push or responding to customer demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often required in more complex and difficult-to-manage innovation processes?

<p>A more complex approach, such as the fifth-generation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of an innovation strategy in terms of long-term objectives?

<p>Articulation of the firm's innovation ambitions and long-term objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does awareness of what can and cannot be embraced underpin?

<p>the innovative capabilities that shape and guide the formulation of an innovation strategy and the selection and use of appropriate innovation processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do tools and techniques assist firms in?

<p>defining their innovation strategies and building their innovative capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Box 4.3 Insights from corporate strategy and planning?

<p>assessing the level of uncertainty surrounding decision-making to tailor strategy accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who identified four levels of uncertainty that affect the ability to develop meaningful strategy?

<p>Courtney, Kirkland, and Viguerie (1997)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Level 1 uncertainty according to Courtney, Kirkland, and Viguerie?

<p>Clear enough evidence about likely future markets and competitive environments is available</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Level 2 uncertainty according to Courtney, Kirkland, and Viguerie?

<p>A number of alternative futures exist, which can be described in scenarios</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Level 3 uncertainty according to Courtney, Kirkland, and Viguerie?

<p>A wide range of possible future outcomes exists, and it is not possible to develop discrete scenarios</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assessing the level of uncertainty in strategy development?

<p>to tailor strategy accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the advantages of being a first mover in a market?

<p>Capturing market share</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe firms that quickly follow innovators in the market?

<p>Fast followers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the first ballpoint pens?

<p>Reynolds and Eversharp</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors that can enhance the advantages of being a first mover?

<p>Longer lead times before competitive entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is more important than time of entry when assessing the potential of FMA to capture returns to an innovation?

<p>Access to complementary assets</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Dell delay entry into the printer market?

<p>To learn from the failures of others and wait until the market was settled</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a large firm acquiring a first mover?

<p>News International's purchase of MySpace in 2006</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Dell eventually offer on its website?

<p>Lexmark printers, renamed as Dell printers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of delaying entry into a market?

<p>Allowing the firm to learn from the failures of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between proactive and reactive innovation strategies?

<p>Proactive strategies involve technological and market leadership with a strong research orientation, while reactive strategies involve responding slowly to innovation and playing the cost-cutting game.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company is an example of a firm that has pursued proactive innovation strategies?

<p>DuPont or Apple</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of firms that pursue active innovation strategies?

<p>To defend existing technologies and markets, but with the preparedness to respond quickly once markets and technologies are proven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of firms that pursue passive innovation strategies?

<p>They only engage in innovation once it is demanded by customers and is risk-free.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of FMA in the context of innovation strategies?

<p>FMA enables firms to enjoy returns and take big bets, often pursuing proactive strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between innovation strategy and mainstream business strategy?

<p>Not provided in the given content, but can be inferred as innovation strategy focusing on technological and market leadership, while mainstream business strategy focuses on general business operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of research orientation in proactive innovation strategies?

<p>A strong research orientation is a key aspect of proactive innovation strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of hedging bets in active innovation strategies?

<p>Hedging bets allows firms to respond quickly once markets and technologies are proven, while minimizing risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of 'follower' and 'imitative' firms in the context of innovation strategies?

<p>They pursue reactive innovation strategies, responding slowly to innovation and playing the cost-cutting game.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Strategic Innovation

  • Strategic innovation involves understanding external threats and opportunities, collecting and deploying resources, and developing a comprehensive approach to manage business issues.
  • It prioritizes and develops technological innovations, ensuring the best use of resources, capabilities, and processes to deliver value.

Innovation Strategy

  • Innovation strategy differs from mainstream business strategy as it needs to accommodate uncertainty.
  • It involves analyzing the firm's competitive and technological environment, assessing external challenges and opportunities, and identifying distinctive advantages.
  • It requires a mix of approaches, including understanding market trends, articulating innovation ambitions, and developing resources and capabilities.

Types of Innovation Strategies

  • Proactive strategies involve technological and market leadership, strong research orientation, and big bets, often pursued by firms enjoying returns from First-Mover Advantages (FMA).
  • Active strategies involve defending existing technologies and markets, responding quickly to proven markets and technologies, and hedging bets.
  • Reactive strategies involve responding slowly to innovation, playing the cost-cutting game, and are often pursued by "follower" and "imitative" firms.
  • Passive strategies involve only engaging in innovation when demanded by customers and is risk-free.

First-Mover Advantages (FMA)

  • FMA can provide a head start over competitors, enabling firms to capture market share.
  • However, advantages dissipate over time, and access to complementary assets is key to capturing returns to innovation.
  • Timing of entry depends on existing resources and capabilities, and firms may delay entry to learn from others' failures.

Examples of Firms

  • DuPont has pursued a proactive strategy, with over 200 years of technology leadership in various areas.
  • Apple has also pursued a proactive strategy, with innovative products such as the Macintosh and iPod.
  • Dell delayed entry into the printer market, then successfully entered by utilizing its website and capturing a major market share.
  • News International acquired MySpace, a first mover in social networking, to gain FMA.

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Description

This quiz covers the early days of social networking, specifically MySpace, and its relation to innovation strategy. It also touches on various typologies of technology and innovation strategy.

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