Social Determinants of Health in Canada

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary risk factor for adult-onset diabetes according to the information provided?

Regular participation in voting

High financial resources

Marginalization and exclusion from mainstream society (correct)

Access to quality housing

The infant mortality rate is lower in Indigenous communities compared to the general population.

False

What percentage of the Canadian community do Indigenous people represent?

4.5%

Indigenous children represent _____% of all children in Canada, yet they make up 53% of children in foster care.

7.7 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following issues with their corresponding descriptions:

Forced sterilization = Still occurs today against Indigenous women Prevalence of chronic diseases = Higher in the Indigenous population Racial bias in medical care = Leads to lower quality of care for POC Underrepresentation of Indigenous physicians = Less than 1% of physicians in Canada are Indigenous Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Canadian families have access to a regulated child care setting?

17% Signup and view all the answers

People living in the most deprived neighborhoods have lower death rates than those in the least deprived neighborhoods.

False Signup and view all the answers

How many Canadians are estimated to live below the poverty line?

3.8 million Signup and view all the answers

The highest life expectancy in Canada is found in ______.

British Columbia Signup and view all the answers

Which province in Canada has the lowest life expectancy?

Nunavut Signup and view all the answers

Men in the wealthiest neighborhoods live, on average, more than 4 years longer than men in the poorest neighborhoods.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statistics with their corresponding group:

Homelessness = Up to 300,000 Primary care provider = 4 million Living below poverty line = 3.8 million Food insecure = 8.7 million Signup and view all the answers

What effect do adverse childhood experiences have on health?

They create a sense of inefficacy or learned helplessness. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of universal health care?

To protect the health of citizens and spread health costs across society Signup and view all the answers

Medicare covers all drug costs for Canadian citizens.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which group is less likely to fill a prescription among Canadians with below-average income?

Canadians with below-average income Signup and view all the answers

The bottom 33% of Canadian income earners are ____ less likely to see a specialist compared to the top 33%.

50% Signup and view all the answers

Match the groups with their likelihood of facing social exclusion:

Indigenous Canadians = Most likely to experience social exclusion Recent immigrants = Most likely to experience social exclusion People with disabilities = Most likely to experience social exclusion Women = Likely to experience social exclusion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not affect access to health care for Canadians?

Geographical location Signup and view all the answers

Socially excluded Canadians typically have better access to health and social services.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are two common issues that New Canadians face in practicing their profession?

Regulations and credentialing procedures Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Social determinants of health are the circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work, and age.
They also include systems put in place to support individuals.

Current Environment in Canada

Annually, up to 300,000 people experience homelessness, a number that is rising.
4 million Canadians lack a primary care provider (family doctor).
3.8 million Canadians live below the poverty line.
8.7 million Canadians are food insecure.

Socioeconomic factors affect an individual's health regardless of age, race, or ethnicity.
40% of health outcomes are linked to socioeconomic factors (education, job status, family/social support, income, community safety).
30% of health outcomes are linked to Physical Environment factors (Tobacco use, Diet & Exercise, Alcohol Use, Sexual Activity).
10% of health outcomes are linked to Health care factors (Access to Care, Quality of care).
20% of health and well-being is related to access to care and quality of services.
80% of health outcomes are influenced by physical environment, social determinants, and behavioral factors.

Economic Stability: Includes employment, income, expenses, debt, medical bills, and support.
Neighborhood & Physical Environment: Covers housing, transportation, safety, parks, playgrounds, and walkability.
Education: Includes factors such as literacy, language, higher education, vocational training, and early childhood education.
Food: Relates to hunger and access to healthy options.
Community & Social Context: Covers aspects like social integration, community engagement, support systems, and discrimination.
Health Care Systems: Includes health coverage, provider availability, provider linguistic & cultural competency, and quality of care.
Health Outcomes: Mortality, Life expectancy, Health Care Expenditures, Health Status, Functional Limitations.

Housing: Essential for health and well-being.
Food: Important for nutritional health.
Education: Contributes to better health outcomes.
Transportation: Affects access to essential services.
Violence: Leads to decreased well-being.
Social Support: Promotes overall health.
Employment: Impacts financial stability, affecting health.
Health Behaviors: Influence health choices and outcomes(Tobacco use, Diet & Exercise, Alcohol Use, Sexual Activity)..

Place Matters (Life Expectancy)

Quebec had the highest life expectancy in 2020-2022 (82.5-82.99). Currently, British Columbia is at 83-85.
Nunavut had the lowest life expectancy (under 75).
New Brunswick was around 80.0-80.49.

Income Statistics

Vancouver's neighborhoods significantly influence life expectancy (up to 9 years).
Urban areas have higher life expectancies than rural areas.
Wealthiest 20% of Canadians live 4 years longer.
Most deprived neighborhoods experience 28% higher death rates.
Suicide rates are double in the poorest neighbourhoods.

Other Important Aspects

Youth readmission rates vary across health zones in New Brunswick.
Hospital death rates following major surgery differ by region in Canada (2022-2023 data).
Avoidable deaths from preventable causes differ by health zone in New Brunswick (2019–2021 data).
Prevalence of household food insecurity varies across Canadian provinces (2022).
Early childhood development is significantly affected by social determinants, and low birth weights in disadvantaged areas are more susceptible to health issues.
Universal health care aims to protect citizens' health and spread costs across society.
Medicare covers 70% of healthcare costs, with the remainder handled by private insurance and out-of-pocket expenses.
Drug costs and home care aren't always covered under Medicare.
Access to specialists and healthcare on weekends/evenings is impacted by income.
Social exclusion affects diverse groups, including Indigenous Canadians, visible minorities, recent immigrants, women, people with disabilities, and LGBTQ+ communities. This includes issues with housing, financial resources, and social networks.

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Description

This quiz explores the social determinants of health and their impact on the Canadian population. It highlights how factors such as socioeconomic status, living conditions, and healthcare access influence overall health outcomes. Test your understanding of the challenges faced by Canadians regarding health and wellbeing.

Social Determinants of Health in Canada

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Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is a primary risk factor for adult-onset diabetes according to the information provided?

The infant mortality rate is lower in Indigenous communities compared to the general population.

What percentage of the Canadian community do Indigenous people represent?

Indigenous children represent _____% of all children in Canada, yet they make up 53% of children in foster care.

Match the following issues with their corresponding descriptions:

What percentage of Canadian families have access to a regulated child care setting?

People living in the most deprived neighborhoods have lower death rates than those in the least deprived neighborhoods.

How many Canadians are estimated to live below the poverty line?

The highest life expectancy in Canada is found in ______.

Which province in Canada has the lowest life expectancy?

Men in the wealthiest neighborhoods live, on average, more than 4 years longer than men in the poorest neighborhoods.

Match the following statistics with their corresponding group:

What effect do adverse childhood experiences have on health?

What is the primary purpose of universal health care?

Medicare covers all drug costs for Canadian citizens.

Which group is less likely to fill a prescription among Canadians with below-average income?

The bottom 33% of Canadian income earners are ____ less likely to see a specialist compared to the top 33%.

Match the groups with their likelihood of facing social exclusion:

Which of the following does not affect access to health care for Canadians?

Socially excluded Canadians typically have better access to health and social services.

What are two common issues that New Canadians face in practicing their profession?