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The self is always at the mercy of external ______ that bump and collide with it.
circumstances
This perspective is known as the social ______ perspective.
constructionist
Social constructivists argue that the self is in unceasing ______ with external reality.
flux
Jon has a beautiful wife named ______, whom he met in college.
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As a ______, Jon conducts himself in a manner that befits his title as a professor.
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As a father, Jon can be ______, showing a different side of his personality.
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His church mates know him as a calm, all-smiles guy ready to lend a helping ______ to anyone in need.
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The self is capable of morphing and fitting itself into any ______ it finds itself in.
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The 'actual self' is who you are at the moment, while the 'ideal self' is who you like to be, and the 'ought self' is who we think we should be based on our _____ self.
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In some instances, self-awareness can lead to negative emotions such as agitation or _____ depending on the discrepancies between our actual, ideal, and ought selves.
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Self-awareness can help remind you that there is an exam tomorrow when you are about to spend time playing computer games with your _____ .
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Being overly concerned about being observed and criticized by others is known as _____ .
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Deindividuation refers to the loss of individual self-awareness and individual accountability in _____ .
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A common example of deindividuation is when a mass demonstration erupts into a _____.
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According to social comparison theory, we learn about ourselves by comparing our behavior and social status with that of _____ people.
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The downward social comparison helps to create a positive self-concept by comparing ourselves with those who are _____ off than us.
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The distinction regarding countries was politically colored at the time that concepts were accepted and used in the social sciences. This is particularly true for ______.
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There are a lot of factors that create differences in perception regarding the ______ within countries.
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Confucianism is seen as a code of ethical conduct that focuses on having a harmonious ______ life.
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The identity and self-concept of an individual is interwoven with the identity and ______ of their community.
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Self-cultivation is seen as the ultimate ______ of life in Confucianism.
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The characteristics of a chun-tzu reflect a man of ______ or noble character.
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It is essential to analyze the perspective of each culture about the concept of ______.
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Art works, dances, and even clothing may provide clues about the concept of ______.
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In Confucianism, the cultivated self is referred to as a 'subdued self,' where personal needs are ______ for the good of many.
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The ideal self in Confucianism is characterized by ______, suggesting a need for balance with society and nature.
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In Buddhism, the self is perceived as an ______, stemming from ignorance and attachment to worldly desires.
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The ultimate goal in Buddhism is to attain the state of ______ by renouncing the self and its cravings.
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In both Confucianism and Taoism, the self is viewed within a larger ______, emphasizing its relationship with community and nature.
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Buddhism advocates for breaking ______ with the world to overcome suffering associated with the self.
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Unlike Eastern philosophies, a Western perspective tends to prioritize the ______ over communal considerations.
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In striving to be a better person, one does not aim to create a self above others, but rather a self that is beneficial to the ______.
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Theories generally see the self and identity as mental constructs created and re-created in ______.
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Current researches point to the frontal lobe of the brain as the specific area associated with processes concerning the ______.
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Freud saw the self as the result of the interaction between the Id, the Ego, and the ______.
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G.H. Mead argued that the self is created and developed through ______.
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Social interaction and group affiliation are vital factors in creating our ______.
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Self-awareness refers to being aware of our self-concepts, also known as ______.
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Psychologists recognize that we can have several social identities that ______ and change based on our group memberships.
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According to Carver and Scheier, they identified two types of ______ that we can be aware of.
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Study Notes
Social Constructionist Perspective
- The self is dynamic, shaped by external circumstances and social interactions.
- Social constructionists view the individual and social context as intertwined, making boundaries between them indistinct.
- The self is seen as multifaceted and constantly evolving through social engagement.
Role of the Individual: Case Study of Jon
- Jon, a math professor, also fulfills roles as a husband and father, adapting behavior based on context.
- His professional demeanor contrasts with his intimate and playful side as a husband, and he exhibits sternness as a father.
- Jon’s roles demonstrate the flexibility of self-presentation depending on social situations.
Psychological Perspectives on the Self
- Theories view the self and identity as constructs developed through memory and interaction.
- The frontal lobe is identified as crucial for self-related processes.
- Sigmund Freud posited that the self is shaped by the interplay of the Id, Ego, and Superego.
Nature and Nurture in Self-Formation
- Modern theories emphasize the role of societal and cultural influences in shaping identity alongside psychological factors.
- Symbolic interactionism, proposed by G.H. Mead, focuses on how human interactions develop the self.
Self-Concept and Social Identity
- Social interaction and group affiliation are critical for forming self-concept and social identity.
- Individuals possess multiple, often overlapping social identities based on different group memberships.
Self-Awareness and Self-Schema
- Carver and Scheier identified two types of self-awareness: the awareness of the self in the moment and the ideal or ought self.
- Self-schemas include actual, ideal, and ought selves, which can lead to emotional discrepancies when they are not aligned.
Social Comparison Theory
- Social comparison theory asserts that self-perception and behavior appropriateness are informed by comparisons with others.
- Downward comparison enhances self-esteem by highlighting advantages over others, while upward comparison can challenge self-perception.
Cultural Perspectives on the Self
- Factors influencing self-perception differ significantly across cultures, with both similarities and variances observed within countries.
- In the Philippines, regional differences impact perceptions of the self, reflecting diverse ethnolinguistic identities.
Eastern Philosophical Influences
- Confucianism emphasizes ethical conduct in social relationships, where individual identity is linked to community status.
- The concept of a "subdued self" in Confucianism prioritizes communal harmony over personal desires.
- Buddhism views the self as an illusion, emphasizing the need to renounce it to achieve liberation from suffering.
Western vs. Eastern Self-Concept
- Western thought focuses on individualism and self-improvement, while Eastern philosophies contextualize the self within collective harmony and societal interconnection.
- Continuous tension between personal identity and societal roles is essential to understanding the multifaceted nature of the self.
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Description
This quiz explores the relationship between the self and external circumstances from a social constructionist perspective. Understand how external influences shape identity and the dynamic nature of the self within its social context. Dive into key concepts that highlight the interaction between personal identity and society.
