Social Behavior and Rules
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Questions and Answers

What can cultivating positive emotions lead to?

  • Decreased empathy and a lower likelihood of acting prosocially
  • A greater sense of gratitude and a higher likelihood of helping others (correct)
  • Increased anxiety and aggression
  • Improved physical health but decreased mental health

    • What is an example of prosocial behavior that involves emotional support?

  • Giving compliments when someone needs a boost to their self-esteem (correct)
  • Paying at a store rather than shoplifting
  • Stopping at a stoplight
  • Tipping a server at a restaurant

    • Which of the following is an example of a social norm?

  • Saying goodbye when someone leaves (correct)
  • Filing your tax return
  • Listening actively and empathetically while someone talks about a recent loss
  • Encouraging someone who feels like giving up

    • What is a possible reason for the bystander effect?

    <p>Lack of knowledge on what to do or assuming someone else has already called the police</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driver of human behavior, emotion, and cognition according to the Need to Belong theory?

    <p>The need to form and maintain social relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from excluded people, according to the Need to Belong theory?

    <p>More aggressive, non-cooperative, and disruptive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an individual factor that affects prosocial behaviors?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bystander effect?

    <p>When many people are present but don't help someone in need</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates people to engage in prosocial behaviors according to the content?

    <p>Recognition for their positive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do people often fail to help in a situation where many others are present?

    <p>They don't see it as an emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of helper therapy in some communities?

    <p>To treat a variety of mental health conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'helper's high'?

    <p>A feeling of increased positive emotions and reduced stress after helping others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of the bystander effect?

    <p>Murder cases with many bystanders and witnesses, but no one intervenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of obeying society's rules?

    <p>Filing your tax return</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of empathy in prosocial behavior?

    <p>Listening actively and empathetically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do social scientists want to answer about prosocial behaviors in children?

    <p>Why prosocial behaviors develop early in life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Self-Categorization Theory (SCT)?

    <p>How people perceive themselves as members of groups and its repercussions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of complying with social norms and conventions?

    <p>Saying goodbye when someone leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Need to Belong theory, what can people do to feel included in society?

    <p>Engage in prosocial behaviors and follow social norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a toxic workplace scenario where the bystander effect may occur?

    <p>Employees doing little to help those who are being abused or harassed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can a therapist support you in practicing?

    <p>Prosocial behaviors and exploring motivations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that influences prosocial behavior?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might people want to engage in prosocial behaviors?

    <p>To gain social status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do parents' behaviors influence in their children?

    <p>What they learn about prosocial behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Prosocial Behaviors

    • Examples of prosocial behaviors include:
      • Listening actively and empathetically to someone in need
      • Offering a hug or comfort when someone is sad or upset
      • Being available to talk to someone who is lonely
      • Giving compliments to boost someone's self-esteem
      • Encouraging someone who feels like giving up

    Obeying Society's Rules

    • Following rules and norms benefits both the individual and society as a whole
    • Examples of rules to follow include:
      • Stopping at a stoplight
      • Filing tax returns
      • Paying for goods instead of shoplifting

    Complying with Social Norms and Conventions

    • Social norms and conventions include:
      • Tipping a server at a restaurant
      • Greeting people when they arrive and saying goodbye when they leave
      • Returning favors
      • Using good etiquette (e.g. table manners, saying please and thank you)

    The Psychology of Prosocial Behavior

    • Factors that influence prosocial behavior include:
      • Situational factors (e.g. the bystander effect)
      • Individual factors (e.g. upbringing, cognitive abilities, standards and ideals)

    The Bystander Effect

    • The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help in an emergency situation when they are in a group
    • Reasons for this behavior include:
      • Not seeing it as an emergency
      • Not feeling responsible because others are present
      • Lack of skills to help properly
      • Undecided about what to do

    Individual Factors

    • Individual factors that affect prosocial behavior include:
      • Upbringing and learning about prosocial behaviors as a child
      • Cognitive, physical, and social capabilities
      • Standards and ideals
      • Practicing empathy in communication
      • Agreeable disposition

    Does it Matter if Someone's Watching?

    • Many people may be more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors if someone is watching
    • Motivations for this behavior may include:
      • Desire for recognition and social status
      • Wanting to be liked for their generosity

    Prosocial Behaviors in Children

    • Questions about prosocial behavior in children include:
      • How early does prosocial behavior show up in child development?
      • Why do these behaviors develop early in life?

    Theoretical Perspectives

    Need to Belong Theory

    • According to Baumeister (2012), humans have a minimum need for forming and maintaining social relationships
    • This need drives human behavior, emotion, and cognition
    • The need to belong makes people follow social norms and act accordingly to feel accepted and integrated into the community

    Self-Categorization Theory (SCT)

    • According to Turner and Reynolds (2012), the self-categorization theory explains how people perceive themselves as individuals and as members of groups
    • This theory has consequences for how people behave in groups and in society

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    Description

    This quiz assesses your understanding of prosocial behaviors, such as emotional support, and the benefits of following societal rules.

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