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What is the name for social anxiety disorder that is also known as social phobia?
What is the name for social anxiety disorder that is also known as social phobia?
Social anxiety disorder is also known as social phobia.
Which of these is a common social situation that can trigger social anxiety?
Which of these is a common social situation that can trigger social anxiety?
How did Hippocrates describe an overly shy person?
How did Hippocrates describe an overly shy person?
Hippocrates described the overly shy person as someone who "loves darkness as life" and "thinks every man observes him."
What significant contributions did Joseph Wolpe make to the understanding of social anxiety?
What significant contributions did Joseph Wolpe make to the understanding of social anxiety?
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What term was introduced in the DSM-III to replace "social phobia"?
What term was introduced in the DSM-III to replace "social phobia"?
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The fear of social situations that characterize social anxiety disorder is a common problem that usually starts during the teenage years.
The fear of social situations that characterize social anxiety disorder is a common problem that usually starts during the teenage years.
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Which of these is NOT a cognitive aspect of social anxiety disorder?
Which of these is NOT a cognitive aspect of social anxiety disorder?
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Which of these is an example of a cognitive distortion often seen in social anxiety disorder?
Which of these is an example of a cognitive distortion often seen in social anxiety disorder?
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Which of these is NOT an emotional aspect of social anxiety disorder?
Which of these is NOT an emotional aspect of social anxiety disorder?
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In performance situations, social anxiety can lead to impaired performance due to the overwhelming anxiety and fear of being evaluated.
In performance situations, social anxiety can lead to impaired performance due to the overwhelming anxiety and fear of being evaluated.
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Which of these is a common physical sign of social anxiety?
Which of these is a common physical sign of social anxiety?
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Which of these is NOT a potential cause of social anxiety disorder?
Which of these is NOT a potential cause of social anxiety disorder?
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According to the American Psychiatric Association, anxiety disorders tend to run in families, suggesting a genetic component to their development.
According to the American Psychiatric Association, anxiety disorders tend to run in families, suggesting a genetic component to their development.
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What neurotransmitter is believed to play a role in regulating mood and emotions and may be extra-sensitive in individuals with social anxiety?
What neurotransmitter is believed to play a role in regulating mood and emotions and may be extra-sensitive in individuals with social anxiety?
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What structure in the brain is implicated in controlling the fear response and is thought to be hypersensitive in people with social anxiety?
What structure in the brain is implicated in controlling the fear response and is thought to be hypersensitive in people with social anxiety?
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The DSM-V criteria for diagnosing social anxiety disorder include the requirement that the individual fears being negatively evaluated in social situations.
The DSM-V criteria for diagnosing social anxiety disorder include the requirement that the individual fears being negatively evaluated in social situations.
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Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing social anxiety disorder according to the DSM-V?
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing social anxiety disorder according to the DSM-V?
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Stage fright is a type of social anxiety characterized by intense fear and nervousness when performing in front of an audience.
Stage fright is a type of social anxiety characterized by intense fear and nervousness when performing in front of an audience.
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Individuals with performance-only social anxiety disorder do not fear or avoid non-performance social situations.
Individuals with performance-only social anxiety disorder do not fear or avoid non-performance social situations.
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The prevalence rate of social anxiety disorder is higher in females than in males.
The prevalence rate of social anxiety disorder is higher in females than in males.
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What is the median age at onset of social anxiety disorder in the United States?
What is the median age at onset of social anxiety disorder in the United States?
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Social anxiety disorder is often comorbid with other anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and substance use disorders.
Social anxiety disorder is often comorbid with other anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and substance use disorders.
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Performance anxiety is often comorbid with avoidant personality disorder.
Performance anxiety is often comorbid with avoidant personality disorder.
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In children, comorbidities with high-functioning autism and selective mutism are common with social anxiety disorders.
In children, comorbidities with high-functioning autism and selective mutism are common with social anxiety disorders.
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Which of these is NOT a treatment approach for social anxiety disorder?
Which of these is NOT a treatment approach for social anxiety disorder?
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Cognitive behavioral therapy aims to change the way individuals think by identifying and challenging negative thoughts with positive ones.
Cognitive behavioral therapy aims to change the way individuals think by identifying and challenging negative thoughts with positive ones.
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Behavioral therapy aims to change how individuals behave and react in situations that trigger anxiety.
Behavioral therapy aims to change how individuals behave and react in situations that trigger anxiety.
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Family therapy plays a vital role in the treatment of social anxiety disorder by including family members in the treatment process and providing support.
Family therapy plays a vital role in the treatment of social anxiety disorder by including family members in the treatment process and providing support.
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Exposure therapy teaches individuals how to gradually face social situations rather than avoid them.
Exposure therapy teaches individuals how to gradually face social situations rather than avoid them.
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Group therapy can help individuals with similar fears, such as social anxiety, feel less alone and learn from each other's experiences.
Group therapy can help individuals with similar fears, such as social anxiety, feel less alone and learn from each other's experiences.
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a widely used diagnostic tool in mental health.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a widely used diagnostic tool in mental health.
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What other term is sometimes used to refer to Social anxiety disorder?
What other term is sometimes used to refer to Social anxiety disorder?
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What is the name of the book that the American Psychiatric Association publishes that describes mental disorders and their criteria?
What is the name of the book that the American Psychiatric Association publishes that describes mental disorders and their criteria?
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Who was the psychiatrist who paved the way for behavioral therapy for phobias in the 1950s?
Who was the psychiatrist who paved the way for behavioral therapy for phobias in the 1950s?
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What is the main symptom of Social anxiety disorder?
What is the main symptom of Social anxiety disorder?
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In the DSM-III, Social phobia was described as a fear of _______?
In the DSM-III, Social phobia was described as a fear of _______?
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In the DSM-IV, the term “generalized social anxiety disorder” was introduced.
In the DSM-IV, the term “generalized social anxiety disorder” was introduced.
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What is the main difference between Social anxiety disorder and performance anxiety?
What is the main difference between Social anxiety disorder and performance anxiety?
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Which of these are examples of cognitive distortions that people with social anxiety disorder might experience?
Which of these are examples of cognitive distortions that people with social anxiety disorder might experience?
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Which of the following are emotional aspects of social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following are emotional aspects of social anxiety disorder?
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Which of the following is not a cause of social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following is not a cause of social anxiety disorder?
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What are the 4 main types of performance anxiety?
What are the 4 main types of performance anxiety?
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The prevalence rate of social anxiety disorder is higher in Saudi women than men.
The prevalence rate of social anxiety disorder is higher in Saudi women than men.
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Which of the following is not a common comorbidity with social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following is not a common comorbidity with social anxiety disorder?
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The median age of onset of Social anxiety disorder is between 8 and 15 years.
The median age of onset of Social anxiety disorder is between 8 and 15 years.
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Which of the following is not a common treatment for Social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following is not a common treatment for Social anxiety disorder?
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Which of these therapies focuses on changing the way you think about situations, in order to decrease anxiety?
Which of these therapies focuses on changing the way you think about situations, in order to decrease anxiety?
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Which of these therapies helps people feel less alone, by interacting with other people who have the same fears?
Which of these therapies helps people feel less alone, by interacting with other people who have the same fears?
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Exposure Therapy involves learning how to gradually face the situations that trigger anxiety.
Exposure Therapy involves learning how to gradually face the situations that trigger anxiety.
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What is the benefit of including family members in Family therapy?
What is the benefit of including family members in Family therapy?
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Study Notes
Social Anxiety and Performance Anxiety
- Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an intense fear of social situations, particularly unfamiliar ones where the individual feels scrutinized.
- Individuals fear being watched or evaluated by others. Common examples include public speaking, meeting new people, and performing in front of others.
- Early descriptions of shyness date back to 400 B.C.E., with Hippocrates associating it with a love of darkness and a belief that everyone is observing.
- In the early 1900s, psychiatrists used terms like "social phobia" and "social neurosis" for extremely shy people.
- The 1950s saw advancements in behavioral therapy for phobias, including systematic desensitization, pioneered by Joseph Wolpe.
- The DSM-II, published in 1994, labeled social fears as a specific phobia of social situations or an excessive fear of being observed.
- The DSM-III included "social phobia" as an official psychiatric diagnosis, focusing on performance situations, but not casual conversations.
- The DSM-IV introduced the term "generalized social anxiety disorder," which replaced social phobia in 1994.
- Social anxiety is generally intense and ongoing apprehension about scrutiny, judgment or negative evaluation by others in social or performance situations.
- It frequently interferes significantly with daily life, impacting work, school, and relationships.
- It typically starts during the teenage years.
Phenomenology of Social Anxiety Disorder
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Cognitive Aspects:
- Negative self-evaluation: intense focus on perceived flaws.
- Anticipatory anxiety: intense anxiety and worry about potential social situations. Imagining worst-case scenarios and fearing negative outcomes.
- Cognitive distortions: mind-reading, catastrophizing, and all-or-nothing thinking are common.
- Self-consciousness: preoccupation with how one is perceived by others.
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Emotional Aspects:
- Intense fear and anxiety response: disproportionate to the situation's actual threat.
- Embarrassment, humiliation, and rejection: deep-seated fears of these outcomes in social situations.
- Shame and inadequacy: feelings of shame and perceived inadequacy often arise alongside anxieties about being judged by others.
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Behavioral Aspects:
- Avoidance and Safety Behaviors: steering clear of social situations or using safety behaviors (e.g., avoiding eye contact).
- Limited social interaction: fewer social interactions, smaller social networks, and difficulty with initiating or maintaining relationships.
- Impaired performance: hindered by overwhelming anxiety in social and performance situations.
- Physical signs of anxiety: fidgeting, avoiding eye contact, speaking softly or rapidly, exhibiting nervousness.
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The described aspects contribute to the experience of social anxiety.
Causes of Social Anxiety Disorder
- Genetic causes: Family history of anxiety disorders increases susceptibility. Research by Jerome Kagan shows a correlation between shyness in childhood and social anxiety in adolescence, suggesting a genetic component.
- Past negative experiences: Childhood bullying, family conflict, teasing, and rejection are potential factors.
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Neurobiological factors:
- Dopamine levels may be lower, and serotonin receptors may be reduced. These neurotransmitters influence mood and emotions.
- Amygdala, a brain structure involved in fear responses, might be hypersensitive, causing an overestimation of social threats.
DSM-5 Criteria for SAD Diagnosis
- A. Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is scrutinized by others.
- B. Fear that one will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that are humiliating or embarrassing.
- C. Anxiety provoked by social situations.
- D. Avoided or endured with intense fear/anxiety
- E. Fear is out of proportion to an actual threat posed.
- F. Fear/anxiety is persistent, lasting six months.
- G. Avoidances cause significant distress or impairment.
- H. Fear not attributable to effects of a substance or medical condition.
- I. Symptoms not better explained by other mental disorders.
- J. Excessive if comorbid with a medical condition.
Performance Anxiety
- Performance anxiety is a specific type of social anxiety characterized by intense fear and nervousness when required to perform or present before an audience.
- Situations including public speaking, acting, musical performance, presentations, or competitive events can trigger it.
- Crucially, individuals with performance anxiety do not necessarily fear or avoid nonperformance social experiences.
Types of Performance Anxiety
- Freghtutal performance
- Anxiety performance
- Testitaking
- Anxitew (This may be a typo; consider clarifying or removing.)
Prevalence and Development
- Social anxiety disorder prevalence in Saudi females is 7%.
- The median onset age in the United States is 13, with 75% between 8-15.
- The disorder is often comorbid with other anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and substance use disorders.
- In children, high-functioning autism and selective mutism are common comorbidities.
Treatment
- Various therapies address social anxiety and performance anxiety
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): Identifies and challenges negative patterns of thinking.
- Behavioral therapy: Focuses on altering behaviors to reduce anxieties.
- Family therapy: Engages family members in the treatment process to provide support and understanding.
- Exposure therapy: Gradually exposes individuals to feared situations to reduce avoidance.
- Group therapy: Enhances social skills and creates a supportive environment.
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Description
Explore the nuances of social anxiety disorder (SAD), including its historical context and evolution in psychiatric diagnosis. This quiz covers key concepts, treatments, and the implications of social phobia on personal and professional life. Test your understanding of this prevalent psychological condition.
