Social Anxiety and Media Influence Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is social anxiety primarily defined as?

  • A state of avoiding social interactions and feeling inhibited. (correct)
  • An inclination to form large groups of friends.
  • A desire to engage in social interactions without fear.
  • A condition characterized by excessive confidence in social settings.

Which type of social comparison involves evaluating oneself against those perceived as better?

  • Horizontal social comparison
  • Inverted social comparison
  • Downward social comparison
  • Upward social comparison (correct)

How can social media generate an environment conducive to social anxiety?

  • By allowing users to selectively reveal their identities and generate comparison. (correct)
  • By ensuring that all interactions are face-to-face.
  • By providing a platform for self-affirmation.
  • By encouraging users to share personal accomplishments only.

What is the 'fear of missing out' primarily associated with?

<p>An experience stemming from observing others' online activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does feedback play in social media interactions regarding social comparison?

<p>It enhances the likelihood of unintended social comparisons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of reporting journalists have unknowingly reported false information?

<p>26% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of U.S. journalists believe every side deserves equal coverage?

<p>44% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of U.S. journalists who think social media has a negative impact on journalism?

<p>67% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many U.S. journalists believe they should not separate their views from their reporting?

<p>16% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of journalists report that their organization has formal guidelines for handling false information?

<p>34% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal for using social media according to recent modifications?

<p>Social (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of content tends to receive the most attention on social media?

<p>Social content (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do participants generally perceive their attention to political content on social media?

<p>They overestimate it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What style of posts captures the most attention on social media?

<p>Posts with pictures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the enjoyment of following the news on social media?

<p>Some people enjoy following the news. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which content receives more attention when linked compared to political posts?

<p>News content (A), Social content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of content, which category do users tend to undervalue their viewing habits?

<p>Social (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the style of posts and the type of content that generally receives the most attention?

<p>Social and news posts are more engaging with links than political posts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long do shoppers typically spend looking at each car in a showroom?

<p>Less than 30 seconds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of marketing content did millennials pay more attention to compared to older shoppers?

<p>Digital marketing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with SVOD services?

<p>Limited Choices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'Corporate Extension' mean in the context of SVOD services?

<p>A new distribution channel for existing video content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can SVOD library specificity be defined?

<p>Focusing on depth of a particular content type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bespoke' licensing imply in the context of SVOD?

<p>Creating specific content unique to the service (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of geographic reach would a service with a presence in most major markets have?

<p>Global (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely outcome for Netflix after achieving a subscriber hit?

<p>Explore new growth strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential advantage of using AI-generated images in advertisements?

<p>They can be tailored to specific demographics like age and ethnicity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable drawback of AI-generated faces in advertisements?

<p>They depend on the quality of their training dataset. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the differences in cybersecurity knowledge by educational attainment?

<p>Individuals with college degrees tend to have better cybersecurity knowledge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of individuals with a high school diploma or less correctly understand that Wi-Fi traffic is not encrypted by default?

<p>30% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic has shown differences in cybersecurity knowledge that are less pronounced?

<p>Age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between low self-esteem and social anxiety?

<p>Low self-esteem can increase social anxiety. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social comparison on social media affect self-esteem?

<p>It can lead to lower self-esteem due to idealized portrayals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of Instagram contributes to social comparison?

<p>Visual-centered content and enhancement filters. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant outcome of increased social comparison on Instagram?

<p>Decreased self-esteem leading to higher social anxiety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can individuals do to mitigate the impacts of social comparison on their self-esteem?

<p>View others' successes as inspiration and reflect on their own achievements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Instagram use influence social anxiety?

<p>It facilitates social comparison that mediates the relationship with self-esteem. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might individuals with low self-esteem interpret social responses as hostile?

<p>They depend on extrinsic social approval and misinterpret interactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should health educators focus on to help reduce social anxiety among users?

<p>Improving self-esteem to indirectly reduce anxiety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Social Anxiety

A state where one avoids social interactions and feels uncomfortable during them.

Social Comparison

The tendency to evaluate oneself against others, based on information available about them.

Upward Social Comparison

Comparing yourself to those perceived as superior in a specific area.

Downward Social Comparison

Comparing yourself to those perceived as inferior in a specific area.

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Ubiquitous Comparison Information

The constant availability of information about others on social media, facilitating social comparison.

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What is "Bothsidesism"?

"Bothsidesism" refers to the journalistic practice of giving equal attention to all sides of an issue, regardless of truthfulness or credibility.

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Objectivity in Journalism

The idea that journalists should separate their personal views from their reporting, ensuring objectivity and fairness.

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Social Media and its impact on Journalism

A significant portion of journalists believe social media negatively impacts journalism by spreading misinformation and blurring the lines between news and opinion.

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Reporting on False Information

The challenge faced by journalists in verifying the accuracy of information, especially in an age where fabricated content is rampant.

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Should Every Side Be Included?

Journalism ethics question whether every side of an issue deserves equal coverage, questioning if truthfulness and credibility should be weighed.

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Self-Esteem

A person's overall opinion of themselves - how much they value and appreciate themselves.

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Low Self-Esteem and Social Anxiety

Social anxiety increases when you have a low opinion of yourself.

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Idealistic Social Media Presentation

Social media often presents an idealized version of reality, promoting unrealistic standards.

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Social Media and Self-Esteem

Constant exposure to others' seemingly perfect lives on social media can negatively impact self-esteem.

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Instagram's Role in Social Comparison

Instagram's visual focus and features, such as filters and influencer content, can encourage social comparison.

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Social Media's Indirect Impact

The impact of social media on anxiety is primarily felt through its effect on self-esteem, not directly.

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Reframing Online Personas

Understanding that online personas are often incomplete and strategically presented can counter social comparison.

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Fake Faces in Ads

AI-generated synthetic images used for advertisements, often showcasing diverse people and features.

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AI Training Data

The reliability of AI-generated images depends on the quality and diversity of the data they're trained on.

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WhichFaceIsReal.com

A website showcasing examples of AI-generated faces, highlighting potential glitches and imperfections.

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Cybersecurity & Education

People with higher educational attainment tend to have better cybersecurity knowledge, especially regarding encrypted communication and data protection.

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Cybersecurity Knowledge

The ability to recognize and understand potentially risky situations online, like fake websites and phishing attempts.

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SVOD (Subscriber-Funded Video On Demand)

A type of streaming service where viewers pay a subscription fee for access to a library of videos on demand.

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Geographic Reach

The ability of an SVOD service to reach viewers in different countries and regions.

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Library Specificity

Refers to the types of content available in an SVOD library.

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Library Ownership

The ownership of the content in an SVOD library. It can be either owned, licensed, or bespoke.

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Corporate Position

The way an SVOD service fits within a broader company strategy.

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Pure-Play

A type of SVOD service that operates as a standalone business, not connected to other companies.

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Corporate Extension

An SVOD service that is a new distribution channel for an existing video business.

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Corporate Complement

An SVOD service that uses video for purposes beyond just entertainment, such as marketing or education.

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Social Media: Primary Use

Social media is primarily used for connecting with friends and family, sharing photos and videos, and reconnecting with old acquaintances.

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Social Media: News Consumption

While people may encounter news on social media, it's not their primary reason for using it. Most people enjoy following news to some degree.

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Social Media: Political Engagement

Politics rarely drive people to use social media platforms like Facebook. Most users avoid or dislike political content.

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Social Media Content Attention: Hierarchy

Social content receives the most attention on social media, followed by news content. Political content gets the least attention.

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Social Media Content Style: Hierarchy

Posts with pictures receive the most attention, followed by posts containing links, and lastly by those with only plain text.

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Social Media: Links Amplify Difference

Links amplify the difference in attention between social and news content compared to political content. Social and news posts with links receive even more attention.

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Social Media Attention: Overestimation

People tend to overestimate how much attention they pay to news and political content and to picture-heavy posts.

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Social Media Attention: Underestimation

People tend to underestimate how much attention they pay to social content, and to posts containing links and only plain text.

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Study Notes

  • Social media use can contribute to social anxiety.
  • This anxiety stems from managing a large network of social media friends.
  • Feelings of jealousy towards others' lives contribute to anxiety.
  • Fear of missing out on activities in online interactions also contributes.
  • Social comparison involves people's tendency to evaluate their situation, skill, and overall identity.
  • This comparison is usually based on information received about others.
  • Upward social comparison is comparing oneself with people perceived as better.
  • Downward social comparison is comparing oneself with people perceived as worse.
  • Both types of comparison can increase social anxiety.
  • Social media platforms like Instagram facilitate social comparison.
  • Users often selectively reveal preferred identities and characteristics.
  • Social media creates ubiquitous comparison information and accessible feedback.
  • This feedback includes followers, likes, comments, and shares.
  • People use social media and unconsciously engage in social comparisons.
  • Low self-esteem can increase social anxiety.
  • People with low self-esteem often have fewer social interactions.
  • They may rely on external approval for self-worth.
  • Social responses are often interpreted as hostile.
  • People with low self-esteem can be self-victimizing.
  • They tend to blame others for their social failures.
  • Idealistic social media information can lead to low self-esteem.
  • Users perceive others' lives as better than their own.
  • Social comparison on social media can lower self-esteem.
  • Visual-centered media (like Instagram) can impact social comparison views.
  • Instagram has features like visual-centered content, more enhancement filters, users following influencers or celebrities.
  • Users can search for photos with hashtags.
  • Instagram use facilitates social comparison, decreasing self-esteem.
  • Ultimately, this leads to increased social anxiety.
  • Instagram use does not directly influence social anxiety; the effects are mediated.
  • Social comparison and self-esteem mediate the effect.
  • Social media users need strategies to avoid social comparison.
  • They should recognize online self-presentations as partial images.
  • Cognitive reframing strategies can be useful.
  • Viewing others' accomplishments as inspiration is helpful, as is focusing on personal strengths.
  • Health educators should promote self-esteem to help reduce anxiety.
  • AI and engagement on TikTok have diverse effects on users.
  • Users may let algorithms dictate their experiences or actively participate in shaping their interactions.
  • AI and humans interact and mutually influence each other.
  • Al agency in social media use can lead to user curations.
  • This can be seen in personalization and convenience, and exercising agency for content creation/sharing.
  • Customization empowers users but can also require more cognitive effort from users.
  • A significant finding is the duality of feeling toward machine agency.
  • Users may feel conflicted as they balance using personalized services with data sharing.
  • They want control but also want personalization.
  • Mutual agency augmentation is vital in social media interactions combining human and AI.
  • Algorithm-based content is curated by users.
  • User engagement with social media differs based on content.
  • Users generally are attracted to social media content and find it engaging, even addictive.
  • Social interaction by enabling niche and fluid communities is fostered by TikTok.
  • Users delegate tasks/exercising agency through proxy (i.e., influencing others to get desired outcomes)
  • Practical applications suggest leveraging algorithmic advantages of social media.
  • Sharing high-quality content through topic-driven hashtags and sounds can reach broad audiences, improving engagement.
  • Policy makers should focus on inappropriate content limits.
  • News outlets should remain committed to displaying all sides of any news story.
  • Social media's impact on journalism can be characterized as a double-edged sword.
  • Journalists' perspective on social media's effect on their job varies.
  • Social media may negatively impact journalism.
  • A negative effect can be harassment and threats from external sources.
  • Journalist interaction with public differs significantly, with journalists having more favorable views.
  • Eye tracking tech studies reveal how long people look at cars in showrooms (less than 30 seconds).
  • Visual information, such as stickers on car windows, receives attention from most people.
  • Millennials attend to digital marketing more than older people.
  • SVOD (Subscriber-Funded Video on Demand) technology, like Netflix, uses the internet for distribution, funds viewers payment, and offers content on demand.
  • SVOD differs from traditional TV.
  • SVODs are not linear; they offer more choices and have better library stability.
  • These differences include structure/reach, library/specificity, ownership/corporate position.
  • Discussing Netflix's growth strategy, it considers several strategies: revaluate content creation/acquisition, introduce cheaper ad-supported plans, and potentially crack down on password sharing.
  • Social media ads can be customized based on user's web history.
  • Advertising through consumer targeting is reliable.
  • TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) describes the process users accept technologies.
  • Variables like usefulness, ease of use and attitudes toward usage can measure adoption rates.
  • Intrusiveness toward ads can relate to user attitudes and purchase intent.
  • Machine recognition of faces is used in visuals.
  • Faces attract attention.
  • Facial expressions can improve consumer advertisement responses positively.
  • Images with faces get more engagement (likes and comments).
  • Age/gender of people's faces in photos doesn't affect engagement.
  • Number of followers is a key factor for engagement.
  • More photos by a user are less likely to get engagement.
  • Including faces in ads may draw in more views but also can unintentionally alienate viewers.
  • "Fake" AI-generated faces offer royalty-free, diverse options but are only as good as their training data and may have glitches.
  • Concerns remain about cybersecurity and privacy.

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