Social and Political Stratification Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does social stratification primarily refer to?

The organization of individuals based on their economic resources and opportunities. (correct)

The classification of individuals according to their family background.

The grouping of individuals based on their age and gender.

The categorization of individuals based on their educational qualifications.

Which of the following best describes a closed stratification system?

Individuals remain in the social class into which they are born with limited opportunities for change. (correct)

Individuals can move between social classes based on personal achievements.

Individuals can freely change their social roles within the system.

Individuals have significant opportunities for upward mobility.

What characterizes the caste system in terms of social mobility?

Individuals can transition easily between different social stratums.

Personal achievements play a significant role in social progression.

Social mobility is strictly restricted and based on predetermined beliefs. (correct)

Social mobility is encouraged and facilitated through education.

Which scenario exemplifies open stratification?

A college graduate pursuing more qualifications to enhance career prospects. Signup and view all the answers

In a class system, what facilitates social mobility?

Personal achievements and education. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of exogamous marriage?

It occurs between individuals from differing social classes or nations. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'social positioning' encompass?

The interaction of various factors like race and economic standing. Signup and view all the answers

Which example indicates the impact of economic resources on social interactions?

Mila treating her classmates to prestigious restaurants. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of conflict as defined by Max Weber?

Economic deprivation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of ethnic conflict?

Philippines vs. China dispute over the West Philippine Sea Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'negative peace'?

Absence of conflict without addressing root issues Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best describes peace-keeping activities?

Soldiers intervening in illegal logging disputes Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of migration?

Movement of people for permanent residence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best summarizes internal migration?

Relocating within the same country Signup and view all the answers

In the context of migration, what describes temporary migrants?

Those relocating for short-term purposes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following instances reflects the impact of economic issues on internal conflicts?

Corruption problems leading to governance issues Signup and view all the answers

What does inclusive citizenship advocate for?

Empowerment of marginalized groups Signup and view all the answers

Which view of citizenship emphasizes dialogue and information exchange?

Deliberative Views Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is NOT associated with Non-Government Organizations (NGOs)?

Receive government funding Signup and view all the answers

How is e-democracy typically characterized?

Activities initiated using digital platforms Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the Network Society is true?

It encompasses social, political, economic, and cultural changes Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the cosmopolitan view of citizenship include?

Addressing both local and national issues while engaging in global matters Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable effect of new media on journalism?

Rise of vloggers and faster news dissemination Signup and view all the answers

What is e-campaigning primarily used for?

Reaching younger audiences and accessible areas Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a union where partners come from the same social class?

Endogamous Marriage Signup and view all the answers

What does social mobility primarily refer to?

The movement of individuals between social classes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes downward mobility?

Transition into a lower social class due to setbacks Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a meritocracy?

Individual status is based on personal effort Signup and view all the answers

What type of feminism addresses the intersection of race, class, and gender?

Black Feminism Signup and view all the answers

Which theory proposes solutions like wage increases to combat poverty?

Modernization Theory Signup and view all the answers

The system that favors male dominance within the family and society is known as what?

Patriarchy Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does social inequality primarily derive from?

Disparities in wealth and power Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process involved when new technology is introduced to meet societal needs?

Innovation Signup and view all the answers

How does assimilation primarily affect individuals integrating into new societies?

It results in the blending of cultural practices. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of cultural globalization?

The spread of values and practices that strengthen global social connections. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of climate change on human societies?

Displacement of indigenous peoples due to deforestation. Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is highlighted as a sustainable solution to address climate change?

Solar power technology Signup and view all the answers

What is diffusion in the context of cultural change?

The spread of cultural elements across different societies. Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a type of globalization mentioned?

Technological globalization Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason for the need for immediate action to mitigate climate change effects?

To preserve access to drinking water in affected regions. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of social movement primarily aims to align political systems with community ideals?

Reform Movements Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of relative deprivation refer to?

The feeling of dissatisfaction when expectations are not met. Signup and view all the answers

Which approach emphasizes the importance of organizational structure in the success of social movements?

Resource Mobilization Approach Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes new social movements?

They advocate for neglected social issues. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a revolutionary movement?

Violating school rules Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Social stratification categorizes individuals based on economic standing and access to resources.
Factors influencing social positioning include race and economic background.
Examples include Mila's social status from dining in prestigious restaurants, and Gab's leadership abilities.

Systems of Stratification

Closed Systems: Individuals are confined to their birth social class with limited upward mobility.
- Example: A child from a farming family prioritizing financial contributions over education, potentially remaining in the same social class.
Open Systems: Individuals have flexibility in social roles and interactions, with upward mobility facilitated by education and employment.
- Example: A college graduate pursuing additional qualifications to enhance career opportunities.
Caste System: Rigid social structure where social movement is restricted, with faith and destiny determining social standing.
- Example: A young adult choosing not to pursue higher education due to predetermined beliefs about a degree's necessity for employment.
Class System: Groups of people sharing similar backgrounds (income, education, occupation) experience social mobility through individual achievement.
- Example: Paul supporting his siblings' education, and Neil securing job opportunities for his cousin.

Types of Marriage

Exogamous Marriage: Union between individuals from different social classes or nations.
Endogamous Marriage: Union between individuals from the same social class or professional background.

Meritocracy

System where individual status is based on performance and effort.
Example: Elise securing a scholarship based on consistent good academic performance.

Movement of individuals within a stratification system.
Influences social inequality and poverty.
Upward Mobility: Progression to higher social class through career advancements, marriage, or similar circumstances.
- Example: A youth leader who transitions to a town councilor role.
Downward Mobility: Descent to a lower social class due to economic setbacks, health issues, or educational discontinuity.
- Example: An outstanding employee taking leave due to health problems which negatively affects upward mobility.

Results from disparities in wealth, power, and social roles, leading to community divisions.
Examples include instances of criminal activity (theft/scams) and unequal resource access.

Gender, Roles, and Feminism

Gender Identity: Identification with specific roles and expectations based on sex.
Patriarchy: System favoring male dominance in traditional family structures.
Feminism: Advocacy for gender equality.
- Liberal: Focuses on addressing gender discrimination.
- Radical: Calls into question male-dominated power structures.
- Black Feminism: Highlights the intersection of race, class, and gender.

Global Stratification and Theories

Modernization theory proposes solutions to poverty through wage increases and job opportunities.
Dependency theory examines global poverty as a result of exploitation by wealthier nations.
World Systems Theory studies economic relationships between countries.
State-Centered Theories emphasize government intervention in economic development.

Processes of change in social and cultural contexts.
Innovation: Introduction of new ideas, methods, or technology to address societal needs and improve living conditions.
Assimilation: Blending of cultures as individuals integrate into new societies, adapting to elements like food, laws, and hobbies.
Diffusion: Spread of cultural elements/innovations across societies often facilitated by technology.
Cultural Globalization: Spread of values, ideas, and practices, deepening social connections across the globe.
Economic Globalization: Expansion of global trade and services fostering economic interdependence.
Industrial Globalization: International expansion of global brands driven by social media and advertisements.
Food Globalization: International popularity of dishes like pizza and spaghetti.

Climate Change: Rise in average global temperatures causing changes in seasonal patterns.
Effects on Societies: Global water resource scarcity, deforestation, and displacement of indigenous populations.
Ethnic Conflicts: Conflicts arising from misunderstandings and disputes over resources.
- Example: Philippines vs. China dispute over the West Philippine Sea.
Ideological Conflicts: Conflicts rooted in differing beliefs and worldviews.

Migration

Definition: Movement of people for permanent residence.
Types:
- Emigration: Leaving one's country to live abroad.
- Internal Migration: Movement within one's country.
- Permanent Migrants: Acquiring citizenship in another country.
- Temporary Migrants: Short-term relocation for specific purposes; e.g., workers.
- Refugees: Forced migration due to war or displacement.

Citizenship: Legal status of individuals in a specific state enabling rights and protections.
Legal Status Examples: Behaviors and actions demonstrating legal expectations within a society.
Views on Citizenship:
- Inclusive Citizenship: Belief marginalized groups should not be restricted in their lives.
- Strict Parents: High expectations and control over children's actions.
- Deliberative View: Citizenship involving dialogue, information exchange, and decision-making.
- Democratic View: Citizenship limited to direct involvement in government or public events.
- Cosmopolitan View: Addressing local, national, and global concerns.
Participatory Governance: Involvement of citizens in decision-making processes.
Non-Government Organizations (NGOs): Organizations operating independently from government control; often involved in community initiatives.
Network Society: Impact of technology on societal interactions, including social media.
E-Democracy: Government or citizen activities using digital platforms like online voting.
E-Campaigning: Using digital platforms for political campaigns.
New Media: Digital platforms impacting journalism, and political engagement.
Social Movements: Organized efforts to induce change.
Reform Movements: Aimed at aligning political systems with community ideals.
Revolutionary Movements: Disregarding established norms aimed at major societal shifts.
Collective Behavior Approach: Examining social movements through behavior patterns of individuals involved.
Relative Deprivation: Dissatisfaction when expectations are not met.
Resource Mobilization Approach: Resource mobilization as a factor in the success of social movements.
Political Process Approach: Analyzing social movements based on external political environment.
New Social Movements: Social movements focused on neglected issues (e.g., same-sex marriage) .

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Description

Test your understanding of social and political stratification. This quiz covers different systems of stratification, including the closed and open systems, and examines how factors like race and economic background influence social status. Get ready to explore concepts that shape societal structures!