29 Questions
What should you do immediately after someone is bitten by a snake?
Call an ambulance straight away
Why are tight (arterial) tourniquets not recommended for snakebites?
They can cause pain and damage to the limb
What is a common symptom of snake envenomation?
Severe burning pain at the site
What is the main purpose of keeping the affected area below the heart level?
To slow down the spread of venom
What should you avoid doing when a snake bites?
Touching or pressing the affected area
What can happen if a venomous snake bites without injecting venom?
The person may not experience any symptoms
What is a symptom of acute kidney injury caused by a snake bite?
Dark brown urine
What is the recommended method of antivenin administration?
Infusion of antivenom IV over 60 minutes
What should be available at bedside during antivenin administration?
Epinephrine and antihistamines
Why should children receive the same dose of antivenom as adults?
Because snakes inject the same dose of venom into children and adults
What should be done immediately after completion of the initial dose of antivenom?
Re-evaluate the patient immediately to within an hour
What is a sign of local envenoming?
Local swelling involving more than half of the bitten limb within 48 hours
What is the result of a 'dry bite'?
Irritation at the bite site
What is included in the physical examination of a snake bite?
Examination of the bitten part and general examination
What is the purpose of elevating and immobilizing the affected limb?
To reduce the spread of venom
What is the purpose of administering IV fluids in moderate to severe envenomation?
To prevent dehydration
What is Pit Viper Antivenin (Crotalidae) used to treat?
Bites from pit vipers such as rattlesnakes, copperheads, and cottonmouth
What is a benefit of using CroFab Antivenin over antivenin (Crotalidae) polyvalent?
It is more effective and has fewer side effects
What is a possible reaction to Antivenin (Crotalidae) treatment?
Serum sickness
What is a common symptom of serum sickness?
Rash
What is a possible indication for antivenin treatment?
Coagulopathy
When is antivenin usually not used?
For dry bites or mild envenomation
What is the cost range of CroFab Antivenin?
$4600 to $14,000
How long after a snakebite may antivenin still be effective?
Up to 24 hours
What may indicate a successful treatment of systemic envenoming?
No or slowed progression of local damage and no or diminishing systemic effects
Why may signs of systemic envenoming recur in patients envenomed by vipers?
Continuing absorption of venom from the site of the bite and redistribution of venom from the tissues into the vascular space
What is a possible complication of treating cobra bites with antivenom?
Recurrent neurotoxic envenoming
When should the initial dose of antivenom be repeated?
If the blood remains incoagulable six hours after the initial dose
What is the significance of coagulation studies and platelet count in patients with systemic envenoming?
They are used to monitor the efficacy of antivenom treatment
Test your knowledge on the essential steps to take when someone is bitten by a snake. Learn how to provide immediate care and prevent further complications. Identify the dos and don'ts of snakebite first aid.
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