Smooth Muscle Contraction Process
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Questions and Answers

What is responsible for phosphorylating the myosin light chain in smooth muscle cells?

  • Actin Activator Enzyme (AAE)
  • Calmodulin Phosphatase (CP)
  • Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK) (correct)
  • Myosin Heavy Chain Kinase (MHCK)

    • What facilitates the dephosphorylation of the myosin light chain, leading to muscle relaxation?

  • Myosin Light Chain Phosphatase (MLCP) (correct)
  • Calmodulin Phosphatase (CP)
  • Myosin Heavy Chain Kinase (MHCK)
  • Actin Activator Enzyme (AAE)

    • What initiates the power stroke in smooth muscle contraction?

  • ATP-dependent process
  • Phosphorylation of myosin light chain
  • Calcium binding to calmodulin
  • Cross-bridges pulling actin filaments (correct)

    • How does intracellular calcium concentration increase in smooth muscle cells?

    <p>Entry of extracellular calcium through channels in the cell membrane or release of calcium from intracellular stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regulatory protein does calcium bind to in smooth muscle cells?

    <p>Calmodulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system innervates smooth muscle, consisting of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

    <p>Autonomic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is required for the process of smooth muscle contraction?

    <p>ATP-dependent energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the formation of cross-bridges between the thick and thin filaments in smooth muscle cells?

    <p>Phosphorylated myosin binding to actin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is released from sympathetic nerve terminals to influence smooth muscle contraction?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does nitric oxide (NO) have on smooth muscle in blood vessels?

    <p>Causes relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the autonomic nervous system is local to the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Enteric Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone can modulate smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels?

    <p>Angiotensin II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone can stimulate or inhibit smooth muscle contraction depending on the receptor subtype and tissue involved?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The activation of which enzyme leads to muscle contraction in response to sympathetic stimulation?

    <p>Myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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