Smoking and Health Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does research suggest about smokers and clinical inflammation in the presence of plaque accumulation?

  • Smokers and nonsmokers have similar expression of clinical inflammation.
  • Smokers have decreased expression of clinical inflammation compared to nonsmokers. (correct)
  • The relationship between smoking and clinical inflammation is not mentioned in the text.
  • Smokers have increased expression of clinical inflammation compared to nonsmokers.

    • In response to plaque accumulation, how does the development of inflammation in smokers compare to nonsmokers?

  • The development of inflammation is similar in smokers and nonsmokers.
  • The development of inflammation is reduced in smokers compared to nonsmokers. (correct)
  • The development of inflammation is increased in smokers compared to nonsmokers.
  • The text does not provide information about the development of inflammation in response to plaque accumulation.

    • What do cross-sectional studies consistently demonstrate about smokers and gingival inflammation?

  • Smokers present with less gingival inflammation than nonsmokers. (correct)
  • The relationship between smoking and gingival inflammation is not mentioned in the text.
  • Gingival inflammation is similar in smokers and nonsmokers.
  • Smokers present with more gingival inflammation than nonsmokers.

    • What was the association between light smokers and severe attachment loss according to the early cross-sectional study in Erie County, New York?

    <p>$$\text{Odds ratio} = 2.05$$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the association between heavy smokers and periodontal disease according to the early cross-sectional study in Erie County, New York?

    <p>$$\text{Odds ratio} = 4.75$$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What odds ratio was found for heavy smokers in relation to severe interproximal bone loss?

    <p>7.25</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In NHANES III, what was the likelihood of current smokers having periodontal disease compared to nonsmokers?

    <p>Four times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the systematic review conclude about the periodontal condition of individuals who smoke?

    <p>It is inferior to nonsmokers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of association was found between severe interproximal bone loss and smoking?

    <p>Positive association</p> Signup and view all the answers

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