modull-17-Small Network Design and IP Addressing

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Questions and Answers

What command would you use to display information about directly connected Cisco devices?

  • show ip route
  • terminal monitor
  • show version
  • show cdp neighbors detail (correct)

Which issue results from an incorrect default gateway configuration?

  • Inability to access local networks only
  • Success in pinging local devices
  • No access to local or remote networks (correct)
  • Successfully resolving domain names

What can cause a device to be assigned an IP address starting with 169.254?

  • Static IP configuration
  • Incorrect subnet mask
  • Correct DHCP settings
  • APIPA due to DHCP issues (correct)

Which command should be used to observe real-time system processes but must be used cautiously?

<p>debug commands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended first step when troubleshooting network connectivity issues?

<p>Verify IP configuration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically considered when selecting devices for a small network?

<p>The brand reputation of the manufacturer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major reason to use Quality of Service (QoS) in traffic management?

<p>To prioritize voice and video traffic over other types (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When designing the IP addressing scheme for a small network, what is most important?

<p>Incorporating easily managed subnets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command would you use to verify the IP configuration details on a Windows machine?

<p>ipconfig /all (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key elements to consider for scalability in a small network?

<p>Documenting network topology and traffic analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which application model requires a central server to facilitate communication?

<p>Client-Server (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool can be used for real-time traffic analysis to understand bandwidth usage?

<p>Wireshark (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when implementing redundancy in a small network?

<p>Having backup links or dual-homed ISP connections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

show ip route

A command that displays the routing table within a Cisco device.

show cdp neighbors

A protocol that allows Cisco devices to automatically discover each other on a network, providing information like device type and capabilities.

show version

A command providing information about Cisco IOS version, hardware specifications, device uptime, and more.

debug commands

Commands that allow real-time monitoring of network activities by displaying system processes, but their overuse can strain the device's CPU.

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terminal monitor

A feature that enables monitoring of network activity while connected remotely through Telnet or SSH, ensuring that you can troubleshoot even from a distance.

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End Devices

The devices that connect to a network, like computers, printers, and phones.

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Network Topology

The layout or structure of a network, showing how devices are connected.

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Router

A network device that connects to the internet, usually with one WAN connection.

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Switch

A network device that connects devices on a local network (LAN) and forwards data between them.

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Subnetting

The process of dividing a network into smaller, logical sections to manage traffic and security.

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Wireless Access Point (WAP)

A network device that provides wireless connectivity, allowing devices to connect to a network without cables.

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Scalability

The capability of a network to handle increased traffic or user demands without impacting performance.

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Configuration

A set of instructions that control the behavior of a network device.

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Study Notes

Small Network Design

  • Components: Routers, switches, end-devices (PCs, phones, printers, servers), wireless access points (if needed). WAN connection for internet (e.g., DSL, cable).

  • Device Selection: Consider cost based on capacity, ports, performance, features (Layer 2/3, PoE). Port speeds (Fast Ethernet, Gigabit) must match bandwidth needs. Future expandability and modular slots (routers) are important. Features/services (OS) like routing protocols, security, and QoS are crucial.

IP Addressing

  • Planning/Documentation: Create a clear IP addressing scheme before configuring.

  • Device Types: Consider end-user devices, servers, network devices (switches/routers) when arranging IP addressing.

  • Subnetting: Use easily manageable subnets (e.g., separate subnets for different groups: users, servers, printers).

  • Redundancy: Plan for backup links or dual-homed ISP connections for critical networks.

Traffic Management

  • Real-Time Traffic: Voice and video need Quality of Service (QoS) for low latency.

  • Traffic Analysis: Use tools (like Wireshark) to understand bandwidth usage and optimize network flows.

Applications and Protocols

  • Application Models: Client-server and peer-to-peer are key network application models.

  • Protocols: HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, DNS, DHCP, email (SMTP, POP, IMAP), SSH are common network protocols.

  • Voice/Video: IP telephony solutions with QoS and infrastructure support may be necessary.

Network Scalability

  • Baseline: Document network performance measurements over time, allowing quick identification of changes/problems.

  • Scalability Elements:

    • Documentation (topology, devices, budget, traffic analysis)
    • Hardware upgrades (routers, switches, access points).
    • Software updates (OS, security patches).

Verification and Troubleshooting

  • Verification Commands:

    • ping/tracert (Windows)/traceroute (IOS) for connectivity/path issues.
    • ipconfig /all (Windows), ifconfig or ip addr (Linux), ifconfig or networksetup (macOS) for IP configuration.
    • arp -a to see IP-MAC mappings.
    • Cisco IOS show commands:
      • show running-config: Current configuration.
      • show ip interface brief: IP addresses, interface states (summary).
      • show ip route: Routing tables (including default routes).
      • show cdp neighbors [detail]: Cisco Discovery Protocol information (for Cisco devices).
      • show version: IOS version, hardware, uptime, etc.
  • Debug Commands: Use with caution; can overload the CPU.

  • Terminal Monitor: Necessary for remote debugging (telnet/SSH).

  • Troubleshooting Scenarios:

  • Incorrect IP/subnet mask/default gateway → No network access.

  • DHCP issues → APIPA or no assigned IP.

  • DNS issues → Domain name resolution failure (ping by IP might work).

  • Study Tip: Understand small network design, practice show and debug commands, troubleshoot methodically (using ping/traceroute, checking IP config).

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