Small Engine Tech-Carburetor Quiz

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Questions and Answers

A governor malfunction that results in engine speed oscillations is known as ____________.

hunting

A carburetor relies on ____________________ in pressure to mix fuel and air and to keep the mixture moving in the right direction.

differences

What is a reservoir containing extra fuel that is drawn into the airstream when the throttle valve is suddenly opened?

acceleration well

What part of the carburetor increases the speed of airflow and decreases pressure?

<p>venturi</p> Signup and view all the answers

At normal engine speed under normal operating conditions, the proper air-fuel mixture ratio is typically ________ parts air to 1 part fuel.

<p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

The carburetor causes fuel to flow through the main nozzle into the airstream; lowers the boiling point of the fuel, causing some of the fuel to vaporize before it reaches the cylinder; and increases the speed of the airstream, atomizing the fuel leaving the main nozzle when there is a _______________ ________________.

<p>pressure reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three groups carburetors can be categorized into, based on the airflow through the air horn?

<p>natural draft, updraft, downdraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the carburetor is responsible for maintaining a constant fuel level in the float bowl?

<p>float</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the float springs a leak or becomes saturated and sinks, too much __________ will be provided to the engine.

<p>gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the ____________ is to provide a rich mixture for cold engine starting.

<p>choke</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the throttle valve is completely closed in a natural draft carburetor, most fuel is provided to the engine through the ______________ _______ ____________.

<p>primary idle orifice</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of carburetor has an integral impulse fuel pump?

<p>diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of carburetor is always mounted on top of the fuel tank?

<p>vacuum</p> Signup and view all the answers

These primers increase air pressure in the float bowl, forcing fuel up the main nozzle.

<p>dry bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

As engine load decreases and engine speed increases, a governor with __________ the throttle.

<p>close</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of governor adjusts engine speed based on the movement of flyweights on the governor gear?

<p>centrifugal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vacuum governors are located between the carburetor and the _____________ ________________.

<p>intake manifold</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an EFI system, what does the MAP sensor send information about?

<p>intake airflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

The IAT sensor improves the efficiency of a fuel injection system because it sends a signal to the ECU that allows the ECU to make adjustments to the fuel mixture based on ________ ____________________.

<p>air temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

This sensor is used only in closed-loop EFI systems, monitors the chemical composition of exhaust gases, and provides feedback to the ECU that is used to adjust fuel trim.

<p>O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Delivers fuel to the venturi when the engine is operating at speeds above idle.

<p>main discharge nozzle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What restricts airflow into the carburetor to enrich the air-fuel mixture?

<p>choke system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reduces air pressure in the float bowl when the engine is operating at part throttle?

<p>economizer circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the amount of air-fuel mixture entering the cylinder?

<p>throttle system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What increases air velocity and reduces pressure by restricting the carburetor's air passage?

<p>venturi</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maintains a constant fuel level within the carburetor?

<p>float system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides additional fuel when airflow through the carburetor is maximized?

<p>acceleration system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What delivers a small amount of air-fuel mixture to the cylinder when the throttle valve is closed?

<p>idling system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Carburetor Hunting

Engine speed oscillations due to governor malfunction.

Carburetor Pressure

Pressure difference mixes fuel & air.

Acceleration Well

Extra fuel when throttle opens quickly.

Venturi Effect

Faster air, lower pressure in carburetor.

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Air-Fuel Ratio

Ideal ratio 15:1 (air:fuel) at normal speed.

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Fuel Vaporization

Fuel turning into gas.

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Float

Keeps fuel level in the float bowl steady.

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Float Bowl Malfunction

Leads to excess fuel.

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Choke Mechanism

Enriches fuel for starting.

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Primary Idle Orifice

Provides fuel at idle (throttle closed).

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Diaphragm Carburetor

Impulse fuel pump integrated.

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Vacuum Carburetor

Typically placed above the fuel tank.

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Dry Bulb Primer

Increases pressure in float bowl.

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Governors

Adjust throttle based on load/speed.

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MAP Sensor

Monitors intake airflow in EFI.

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IAT Sensor

Adjusts fuel based on air temp in EFI.

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O2 Sensor

Feedback on exhaust in EFI.

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Main Discharge Nozzle

Delivers fuel during high speed.

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Choke System

Limits airflow for richer fuel.

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Economizer Circuit

Reduces pressure during part throttle.

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Throttle System

Manages air-fuel mix.

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Acceleration System

Provides extra fuel under high flow.

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Idling System

Maintains consistent air-fuel at idle.

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Study Notes

Carburetor Terminology

  • Hunting refers to engine speed oscillations caused by a governor malfunction.
  • A carburetor relies on differences in pressure to mix fuel and air appropriately.
  • The acceleration well is a reservoir that provides extra fuel when the throttle valve opens suddenly.
  • The venturi section of a carburetor accelerates airflow while decreasing pressure.

Fuel-Air Mixture

  • The ideal air-fuel mixture ratio at normal engine speed is typically 15 parts air to 1 part fuel.
  • Fuel vaporization is enhanced by pressure reduction in the carburetor, allowing better atomization.

Carburetor Types

  • Carburetors can be grouped by airflow type: natural draft, updraft, and downdraft.

Carburetor Components

  • The float maintains a constant fuel level in the float bowl; a malfunction can lead to excessive gas delivery.
  • Choke mechanisms enrich the fuel mixture for cold starts.
  • The primary idle orifice supplies fuel when the throttle valve is closed in a natural draft carburetor.
  • Diaphragm carburetors have an impulse fuel pump integrated within.

Engine Management

  • Vacuum carburetors are typically placed atop the fuel tank.
  • Dry bulb primers function by increasing air pressure in the float bowl, pushing fuel into the main nozzle.
  • Governors operate by adjusting the throttle as engine load and speed change.

Sensors and Fuel Injection

  • The MAP sensor in EFI systems monitors intake airflow and relays data to the ECU.
  • The IAT sensor adjusts fuel mixtures based on air temperature, improving EFI efficiency.
  • The O2 sensor in closed-loop EFI systems provides feedback on exhaust gas composition to adjust fuel trim.

Fuel Delivery Systems

  • The main discharge nozzle delivers fuel to the venturi during high engine speeds.
  • The choke system limits airflow to create a richer air-fuel mixture.
  • The economizer circuit reduces float bowl pressure during part throttle operation.
  • The throttle system manages the air-fuel mixture entering the engine's cylinders.

Additional Systems

  • The float system ensures a stable fuel level in the carburetor.
  • The acceleration system provides extra fuel under maximum airflow conditions.
  • The idling system maintains a consistent air-fuel mixture when the throttle valve is closed.

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