Sleep Science Quiz

A mental health disorder characterized by intense mood swings, unstable relationships, fear of abandonment, and impulsive behaviors.

Temporary experiences of paranoia or detachment from reality, often triggered by stress.

A perception of relationships as either perfect or worthless, causing emotional instability and difficulty maintaining healthy relationships.

Recurrent strong negative emotions like anger, sadness, and anxiety often experienced by individuals with BPD.

The ability to understand and reflect on one's own thoughts and behaviors, which is often present in BPD.

Medication like benzodiazepines are often used to treat insomnia, but they are not a long-term solution due to their addictive nature and side effects like drowsiness.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTI) is considered the best treatment option for insomnia.

A key aspect of CBTI involves identifying and changing negative thoughts about sleep and sleeplessness.

This technique aims to break the association between bed and wakefulness by only using the bed for sleep.

This approach focuses on increasing sleep pressure by limiting time spent in bed, enhancing sleep efficiency.

Insomnia is often a companion to other mental and physical conditions, rather than an isolated issue.

Insomnia can increase the likelihood of developing depression, and vice versa. The two conditions can worsen each other.

This approach focuses on accepting sleep difficulties without trying to fight them, promoting psychological flexibility.

A mental state characterized by negative thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It's marked by sadness, loss of interest, changes in sleep and appetite, and feelings of worthlessness.

A psychological theory that suggests that depression might have evolved as an adaptive response to difficult life situations, encouraging individuals to conserve energy and focus on problem-solving.

The tendency to dwell on negative thoughts and experiences, prolonging negative emotional states.

The inability to think flexibly or adapt to new situations, often characterized by rigid thinking patterns and resistance to change.

A set of symptoms that reflect a heightened risk for self-harm and suicide. It includes factors like hopelessness, impulsivity, and a lack of fear of death.

A psychological factor influencing suicidal behavior. It involves feeling disconnected from others and believing that one is a burden to them.

A cognitive factor associated with suicidal thoughts. It involves a distorted perception of the future, often characterized by pessimism and hopelessness.

A common risk factor for suicidal behavior. It may involve experiencing abuse, violence, or traumatic events in childhood.

A thought pattern that distorts reality, leading to inaccurate and often negative perceptions of oneself or situations.

A type of cognitive distortion where emotions are taken as proof of reality, even when they are not accurate. For example, 'I feel anxious, so I must be in danger'.

The connection between a behavior, its triggers, and its consequences. This is used to understand the motivations behind behaviors and cognitive distortions.

A form of therapy that focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns, challenging distorted thinking, and developing more adaptive coping strategies.

The degree to which an individual's well-being or mental health is influenced by their social media use.

The idea that different aspects of social media use can lead to different outcomes. Specific content and interactions can have varying impacts on a person.

The tendency for individuals to respond to social media use in diverse ways. Some may experience negative effects, while others experience positive effects, and many experience minimal impact.

A pattern of excessive social media use that causes significant problems in a person's life, characterized by preoccupation, neglect of responsibilities, and inability to stop using.

The tendency for sleep pressure to increase the longer you're awake. This is like a 'sleep debt' that builds up.

The biological rhythm that regulates your sleep-wake cycle based on the natural light-dark cycle. It's influenced by sunlight and controlled by the SCN.

A small area in your brain that's like the 'master clock' for your circadian rhythm. It signals when you should be tired or alert.

A neurotransmitter that is produced in higher amounts at night by the SCN. It helps promote sleepiness.

A model of sleep regulation that explains how sleep pressure and circadian rhythm work together to determine sleepiness.

The process responsible for transferring memories from the hippocampus to the cortex during sleep.

This is a neurochemical that is produced in the brain as a result of energy use. It signals to your body that it's time to rest.

A type of sleep characterized by slow brain waves, low heart rate, and reduced muscle activity. It's crucial for restoring bodily functions and reducing sleep pressure.

The concept that modern humans may experience mental health issues due to a mismatch between our evolved biology and the modern environment.

A situation where an organism's biological traits, evolved for a specific environment, are no longer well-suited for the current environment.

Examples include high-sugar and high-fat foods, lack of physical activity, and artificial light at night.

Modern Hunter-gatherer societies, like the Hadza, live in environments similar to our ancestors. These societies experience lower rates of depression, supporting the evolutionary mismatch hypothesis.

The idea that our evolved biology is predisposed towards seeking out sugary and fatty foods, which were scarce in our ancestral environment.

The mismatch hypothesis suggests that some mental health issues, like depression, may be linked to the gap between our evolved traits and modern environments.

A mismatch can be 'forced,' where an organism is placed in a new environment, or 'hijacked,' where novel stimuli trigger a mechanism designed for different stimuli.

The mismatch hypothesis highlights the importance of understanding our evolved psychology and its role in shaping our experience in the modern world.