Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which sleep instrument is used to assess sleep quality and disturbance over a 1-month period?
Which sleep instrument is used to assess sleep quality and disturbance over a 1-month period?
Which physical signs indicate potential sleep problems?
Select all that apply.
Which physical signs indicate potential sleep problems? Select all that apply.
A person suffering from mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) would have how many apneic or hypopneic episodes per hour?
A person suffering from mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) would have how many apneic or hypopneic episodes per hour?
Which components would be included in a sleep diary?
Select all that apply.
Which components would be included in a sleep diary? Select all that apply.
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Which disorders are potential causes of hypersomnia?
Select all that apply.
Which disorders are potential causes of hypersomnia? Select all that apply.
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Which parasomnia may be associated with self-injury and sleep-related violence?
Which parasomnia may be associated with self-injury and sleep-related violence?
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Which disorder is the most common type of dyssomnia?
Which disorder is the most common type of dyssomnia?
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A patient with no known medical conditions reports constant fatigue and inability to stay awake. The patient also reports falling asleep while at work, having vivid hallucinations upon awakening, and brief episodes of paralysis at the beginning of sleep. The nurse suspects that this patient is suffering from which condition?
A patient with no known medical conditions reports constant fatigue and inability to stay awake. The patient also reports falling asleep while at work, having vivid hallucinations upon awakening, and brief episodes of paralysis at the beginning of sleep. The nurse suspects that this patient is suffering from which condition?
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Which patient has the greatest risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
Which patient has the greatest risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
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In which way are sleep deprivation and narcolepsy similar?
In which way are sleep deprivation and narcolepsy similar?
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Which factors are measured by polysomnography?
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Which factors are measured by polysomnography? Select all that apply.
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Which question would the nurse ask when assessing for narcolepsy?
Which question would the nurse ask when assessing for narcolepsy?
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Which behavioral cues may validate a sleep disturbance?
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Which behavioral cues may validate a sleep disturbance? Select all that apply.
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Which statement made by the adult patient, while providing a sleep history, needs further follow-up?
Which statement made by the adult patient, while providing a sleep history, needs further follow-up?
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Which nonpharmacologic interventions would the nurse suggest to a patient for a healthy bedtime routine?
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Which nonpharmacologic interventions would the nurse suggest to a patient for a healthy bedtime routine? Select all that apply.
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Which nonpharmacologic interventions would the nurse provide to an inpatient as part of evening care to promote uninterrupted sleep?
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Which nonpharmacologic interventions would the nurse provide to an inpatient as part of evening care to promote uninterrupted sleep? Select all that apply.
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Which interventions would the nurse take to reduce noise and promote sleep for a hospitalized patient?
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Which interventions would the nurse take to reduce noise and promote sleep for a hospitalized patient? Select all that apply.
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Which bedtime snack would be appropriate for the nurse to offer a patient to promote sleep?
Which bedtime snack would be appropriate for the nurse to offer a patient to promote sleep?
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Which medications may be effective in managing sleep disorders?
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Which medications may be effective in managing sleep disorders? Select all that apply.
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Which statement regarding common side effects would the nurse include in a teaching session for a patient who is prescribed an antidepressant for insomnia?
Which statement regarding common side effects would the nurse include in a teaching session for a patient who is prescribed an antidepressant for insomnia?
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Match the medication prescribed for sleep with the corresponding category.
Match the medication prescribed for sleep with the corresponding category.
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Which interventions related to sleep would the nurse recommend to the parent of a pediatric patient?
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Which interventions related to sleep would the nurse recommend to the parent of a pediatric patient? Select all that apply.
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Which nonpharmacologic intervention would the nurse initiate for a patient who is having difficulty falling asleep because of mild back pain?
Which nonpharmacologic intervention would the nurse initiate for a patient who is having difficulty falling asleep because of mild back pain?
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Which type of exercise would the nurse suggest a patient perform just before bed to promote sleep?
Which type of exercise would the nurse suggest a patient perform just before bed to promote sleep?
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Which statement by the patient regarding foods that promote sleep indicates the need for further education from the nurse?
Which statement by the patient regarding foods that promote sleep indicates the need for further education from the nurse?
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Which nonpharmacologic intervention is most appropriate to promote rest in a patient with restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Which nonpharmacologic intervention is most appropriate to promote rest in a patient with restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
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Which pharmacologic interventions would the nurse suggest for a patient with chronic insomnia who prefers to use supplements over medications?
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Which pharmacologic interventions would the nurse suggest for a patient with chronic insomnia who prefers to use supplements over medications? Select all that apply.
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Which statement made by a patient after education regarding the safe administration of common sleep medications indicates a need for further teaching?
Which statement made by a patient after education regarding the safe administration of common sleep medications indicates a need for further teaching?
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Which statements made by the patient would indicate a sleep medication was ineffective?
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Which statements made by the patient would indicate a sleep medication was ineffective? Select all that apply.
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Study Notes
Sleep Assessment Tools
- Actigraphy: Used to assess sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month period.
Physical Signs of Sleep Problems
- Excessive daytime sleepiness: Difficulty staying awake during the day.
- Snoring: Loud breathing during sleep.
- Gasping for air during sleep: May indicate sleep apnea.
- Morning headaches: Can be a sign of sleep apnea.
- Restless legs syndrome: Unpleasant sensations in the legs that worsen at rest.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
- Mild OSA: 5 to 15 apneic or hypopneic episodes per hour.
Components of a Sleep Diary
- Sleep onset time and duration: When the patient goes to bed and how long it takes them to fall asleep.
- Number of awakenings and duration: How many times the patient wakes up during the night and for how long.
- Sleep quality: How well the patient feels they slept.
- Daytime symptoms: Any symptoms the patient experiences during the day, such as fatigue or sleepiness.
Hypersomnia Causes
- Narcolepsy: A chronic neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness.
- Sleep apnea: A disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep.
- Medication side effects: Some medications can cause excessive sleepiness.
- Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders or depression, can also cause hypersomnia.
Parasomnias
- REM sleep behavior disorder: May be associated with self-injury and sleep-related violence.
Dyssomnias
- Insomnia: The most common type of dyssomnia.
Sleep Disorder Case Study
- Suspected condition: Narcolepsy.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Risk Factors
- Obesity: Individuals with a higher BMI are at increased risk for OSA.
Sleep Deprivation and Narcolepsy Similarities
- Excessive daytime sleepiness: Both conditions lead to excessive daytime sleepiness.
Polysomnography Components
- Brain wave activity (EEG): Measures electrical activity in the brain.
- Eye movements (EOG): Records eye movements during sleep.
- Muscle activity (EMG): Monitors muscle activity.
- Breathing effort: Measures airflow, chest and abdominal movements, and oxygen saturation.
- Heart rate: Records heart rate variability.
Narcolepsy Assessment
- "Do you ever fall asleep suddenly, even when you are trying to stay awake?"
Behavioral Cues of Sleep Disturbances
- Excessive daytime sleepiness: Feeling tired or drowsy during the day.
- Irritability: Being easily frustrated or angered.
- Difficulty concentrating: Having trouble focusing on tasks.
- Mood swings: Experiencing sudden shifts in mood.
Sleep History Follow Up
- "Constant fatigue and inability to stay awake, falling asleep at work, vivid hallucinations upon awakening, and brief episodes of paralysis at the beginning of sleep."
Healthy Bedtime Routine Interventions
- Establish consistent bedtime routine: Go to bed and wake up at the same time each day.
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol before bed: These substances can interfere with sleep.
- Create a relaxing bedtime ritual: Take a warm bath, read a book, or listen to calming music.
- Make sure the bedroom is dark, quiet, and cool: These conditions promote sleep.
Inpatient Evening Care for Sleep
- Provide a quiet and comfortable environment: Dim the lights, minimize noise, and ensure the temperature is comfortable.
- Offer a warm beverage before bedtime: A warm drink can help relax the body and mind.
- Ensure the patient's bladder is empty: A full bladder can interrupt sleep.
- Administer prescribed medications at bedtime: Ensure patients receive their medication as prescribed.
Noise Reduction and Sleep Promotion
- Minimize noise levels: Keep the room quiet by turning off televisions, radios, and other noise sources.
- Provide earplugs: Offer earplugs to block out noise from other patients or staff.
- Schedule noisy procedures during the daytime: Avoid performing noisy procedures during sleep hours.
Sleep-Promoting Bedtime Snacks
- Warm milk or chamomile tea: Both can promote relaxation and sleep.
Medications for Sleep Disorders
- Benzodiazepines: These medications can help people fall asleep and stay asleep.
- Nonbenzodiazepines: These medications are similar to benzodiazepines but have fewer side effects.
- Antidepressants: Some antidepressants can be effective in treating insomnia.
- Melatonin: A naturally occurring hormone that can help regulate sleep.
Antidepressant Side Effects for Insomnia
- Common side effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, and headache.
Medications for Sleep by Category
- Benzodiazepines: Temazepam (Restoril), Lorazepam (Ativan), Alprazolam (Xanax).
- Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics: Zolpidem (Ambien), Eszopiclone (Lunesta), Zaleplon (Sonata).
- Antidepressants: Trazodone (Desyrel), Doxepin (Silenor)
Sleep Interventions for Pediatric Patients
- Establish consistent sleep-wake routines: Have the child go to bed and wake up at the same time daily.
- Create a relaxing bedtime routine: Include a warm bath, reading a book, or listening to calming music.
- Ensure the child gets enough physical activity during the day: Exercise can help promote sleep.
- Limit screen time before bedtime: The blue light emitted from electronic devices can interfere with melatonin production.
Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Back Pain
- Warm compress: Apply a warm compress to the painful area to relieve muscle tension.
Exercise Before Bed
- Light stretching or yoga: Gentle exercise can promote relaxation and sleep.
Foods that Promote Sleep
- "Eating a big meal before bed will help me sleep better." This statement indicates a need for further education.
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
- Leg massage: Gentle leg massage can help relieve the unpleasant sensations in the legs.
Supplements for Insomnia
- Melatonin: A naturally occurring hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles.
- Valerian root: A herbal supplement that may have sedative effects.
- Chamomile tea: May promote relaxation and sleep.
Sleep Medication Safety
- "I can take this medication with alcohol to enhance its effects." This statement indicates a need for further teaching.
Ineffective Sleep Medication
- "I still feel tired and sleepy during the day."
- "I keep waking up in the middle of the night."
- "I am having nightmares and vivid dreams."
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Description
This quiz focuses on the instrument used to assess sleep quality and disturbances over a month-long period. You'll learn about different tools used in sleep studies and their applications. Test your knowledge on sleep assessment!
