Questions and Answers
What is the CR exit point for the Modified Parietoacanthial (PA Modified Waters)?
The OML forms an angle of __________ degrees with the IR on a Modified Waters projection.
55
What anatomy does the Modified Waters best demonstrate?
Good view for blow out fracture indication and bony nasal septum.
If there is any indication that questions a fracture of the nasal bone we should always add the Soft Tissue Lateral Nose projection.
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What are the key positioning requirements for the Lateral Nasal Bones?
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Which projection is adjacent to the Lateral for the Nasal Bone Series?
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What defines a good critique of the Modified Parietoacanthial (Modified Waters)?
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What makes a critique of the Modified Waters bad?
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What adaptation is made for the Reverse Modified Waters projection?
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Study Notes
Modified Waters Projection
- Modified Parietoacanthial (PA Modified Waters) requires the MSP to be perpendicular and LML to be perpendicular.
- Central Ray (CR) exits at the acanthion; adjust head to align TEA 1 inch below the infraorbital rim.
- OML forms a 55º angle with the plane of the image receptor (IR).
- Utilize a 10x12" landscape format, a grid, and place the marker in the right upper outer corner.
Projections and Anatomy
- The Modified Waters projection provides optimal visualization for assessing blow-out fractures and the bony nasal septum.
- A good image will show the petrous ridge in the middle of the maxillary sinus, while excessive elevation indicates a poor image quality where the petrous ridge has superimposed the floor of the orbits.
Critique Criteria
- A well-positioned Modified Waters image must display correct rotation, evidenced by lateral orbital margins.
- An incorrect position may result in the petrous ridge being too high in the orbits; the chin should be extended to correct this.
Adaptations
- The Modified Acanthioparietal (Reverse Modified Waters) projection is an alternative for supine patients.
- In this adaptation, LML is perpendicular, and the CR is parallel to a line from a point 1 inch inferior to the infraorbital margin to the TEA.
Lateral Nasal Bone Series
- The series consists of parietoacanthial (Waters) and modified parietoacanthial (Modified Waters) projections, in addition to the lateral view.
- Including a Soft Tissue Lateral Nose projection is essential if there's any suspicion of a nasal bone fracture.
Lateral Nasal Bone Positioning
- For lateral nasal bone imaging, the Image Detector (IP) must be perpendicular to the IR, with the MSP parallel to the IR, and IOML perpendicular to the front edge.
- The CR should target the bridge of the nose, using an 8x10" layout in landscape, with careful collimation.
Lateral Nasal Bone Adaptations
- The Cross Table Lateral Nasal Bone retains the same positioning as standard lateral views but does not require blocking the head, especially when spinal precautions are in place.
Critique of Lateral Projections
- An effective lateral nasal bone image must show no rotation and include the entire nasal bone in the capture area.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Modified Waters and lateral nasal bone positioning in skull imaging. This quiz covers essential positioning techniques, angles, and patient alignment necessary for accurate cranial radiographs. Improve your skills and understanding of radiographic procedures with these flashcards.
