Questions and Answers
How many facial bones are there?
14
All facial bones come in pairs except which two?
What are the characteristics of the Maxillary Bones?
Largest immovable facial bone; articulate with every facial bone except the mandible; form part of the wall of the orbital cavity; the acanthion forms the anterior nasal spine.
What 3 cavities do the Maxillary Bones articulate with?
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What are the four processes contained in each half of the fused maxillary bones?
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The __________ processes of the maxillary bones support the roots of the upper teeth inferiorly.
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The __________ processes of the maxillary bones project laterally to join the zygomatic bone.
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What are the characteristics of the Palatine Bones?
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What does the Horizontal Portion of the palatine bones articulate with?
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What does the Vertical Portion of the palatine bones project to form?
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What are the characteristics of the Zygomatic Bones?
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What 2 bones join to form the Zygomatic Bones?
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What are the characteristics of the Nasal Bones?
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What are the smallest bones of the skull?
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What are the characteristics of the Inferior Nasal Conchae?
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The Inferior Nasal Conchae is covered in?
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What are the characteristics of the Vomer Bone?
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What is the shape of the Hyoid Bone?
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What 3 cavities are formed by the facial bones?
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What are the characteristics of the Orbits?
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The Orbits project __________ from OML and __________ to MSP.
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What is the most posterior aspect of the Orbits?
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How many bones make up the Orbits?
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What 3 cranial bones help to make up the Orbits?
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What 4 facial bones help make up the Orbits?
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What are the 4 posterior openings/aspects of the orbits?
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What are 2 common fractures of the Orbits?
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What typically causes a Blow Out Fx?
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What is a Tri-Pod Fx?
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Study Notes
Facial Bone Anatomy
- Total Facial Bones: 14, including pairs: Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Maxilla (2), Zygomatic (2), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2), Vomer (1), Mandible (1).
- Unpaired Facial Bones: Vomer and Mandible are the only non-paired bones.
Maxillary Bones
- Largest Immovable Facial Bone: Articulates with all facial bones except the mandible, contributing to the orbital cavity walls.
- Acanthion: The junction of right and left maxillary bones forms the anterior nasal spine.
- Articulations: Connect with the Oral, Nasal, and Two Orbits cavities.
- Processes: Each half has four processes: Frontal, Zygomatic, Palatine, and Aveolar.
- Aveolar Processes: Support the roots of upper teeth.
- Zygomatic Processes: Extend laterally to join the zygomatic bone.
Palatine Bones
- Structure: Forms the posterior quarter of the roof of the mouth; consists of horizontal and vertical portions.
- Horizontal Portion: Articulates posteriorly with the maxillary bones.
- Vertical Portion: Projects upward to form the posterior aspect of the medial orbits.
Zygomatic Bones
- Location: Forms the lateral aspect and floor of the orbits, articulating with multiple bones including the frontal and temporal bones.
- Composition: Formed by the union of zygoma and temporal bone, with the temporal process extending to unite with the zygomatic process.
Nasal Bones
- Characteristics: The thinnest, most fragile bones, articulating with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and maxilla.
Lacrimal Bones
- Size: Smallest bones of the skull, situated between the ethmoid and maxilla, forming part of the medial orbit wall.
Inferior Nasal Conchae
- Shape: Long, narrow, and scroll-shaped, curving laterally.
- Function: Covered in mucous membrane for air warming, moistening, and cleaning.
Vomer Bone
- Structure: A thin plate that makes up the inferior nasal septum, located at the mid-sagittal plane, forming the nasal cavity floor.
Hyoid Bone
- Shape: "U" shaped, serves as an attachment point for the larynx and tongue muscles, and is unique as it does not articulate with any other bone.
Cavities Formed by Facial Bones
- Cavities: Include the Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity, and Orbits.
Orbits
- Shape: Cone-shaped, housing organs, nerves, and blood vessels associated with sight.
- Orientation: Project 30 degrees superiorly from OML and 37 degrees medially to MSP.
- Apex: Most posterior part of the orbits, terminating at the optic foramen.
- Bone Composition: Comprised of 7 bones total: 3 cranial (Frontal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid) and 4 facial (Maxilla, Zygoma, Lacrimal, Palatine).
Orbital Openings and Fractures
- Posterior Openings: Include Optic Foramen, Sphenoid Strut, Superior Orbital Fissure, and Inferior Orbital Fissure.
- Common Orbital Fractures: Blow Out Fractures typically from direct hits, mainly affecting the orbital floor; Tri-Pod Fractures involving separation of zygoma's three major attachments.
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Delve into the anatomy of the facial bones with these flashcards designed for Lesson 5 on skull structures. Test your knowledge on the number of facial bones, their characteristics, and identifying the unique features of each bone. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of human anatomy.