Skin Layers and Melanin Production

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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the epidermis consists of 2-3 layers of anucleate, dead cells?

  • Stratum spinosum
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum basale
  • Stratum lucidum (correct)

Where are Langerhans cells mainly found in the epidermis?

  • Stratum corneum
  • Stratum basale
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum spinosum (correct)

What is the main function of Merkel cells in the epidermis?

  • Mechanoreceptors to light touch (correct)
  • Phagocytose antigens
  • Participate in immune response
  • Produce keratins

Which type of cells give rise to keratinocytes in the epidermis?

<p>Cells from stratum basale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Langerhans cells in the epidermis?

<p>Recognize and process foreign antigens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which layer of the epidermis are keratinocytes most abundant?

<p>Stratum basale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is known as the integument or cutaneous layer?

<p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dark pigment melanin in the skin?

<p>Protects against ultraviolet (UV) radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which layer of skin does renewal occur approximately every 15-30 days?

<p>Stratum basale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is mainly made up of keratinized cells?

<p>Stratum lucidum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is classified as part of the ectodermal origin?

<p>Epidermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the hypodermis/subcutaneous layer?

<p>Storage of areolar and adipose connective tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of melanin in the skin?

<p>To protect against UV rays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of melanin is responsible for a red color in the skin?

<p>Pheomelanin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the skin color of an individual?

<p>The activity of melanocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the dermis contains structures like sebaceous glands and hair follicles?

<p>Reticular dermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Langer's lines in the dermis?

<p>To orient collagen fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sensory receptor in the epidermis is responsible for detecting fine touch and pressure?

<p>Merkel's corpuscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skin contains Pacinian corpuscles to detect pressure and vibrations?

<p>Thick skin found on the palm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are Meissner’s corpuscles mainly located?

<p>Thick skin on the palm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve receptor is associated with detecting skin stretch and torque?

<p>Pacinian corpuscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of skin would you NOT find sebaceous glands?

<p>Thin skin on the scalp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the free edge of a nail located?

<p>Nail groove (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of skin is characterized by having hair follicles present and apocrine glands absent?

<p>Thin skin on the limbs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure corresponds to the stratum basale of the epidermis in the nail?

<p>Nail matrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is widely distributed in the skin and numerous on the soles of the feet?

<p>Eccrine sweat gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscle is responsible for pulling the hair shaft to a more erect position?

<p>Arrector pili muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the ducts of apocrine sweat glands open?

<p>Into hair follicles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disorder is characterized by abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and dermal immune cell infiltration?

<p>Psoriasis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is a concave nail dystrophy known as spoon nails?

<p>Koilonychia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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