Skin Functions and Structure
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of an adult human's total body weight does skin account for?

  • 15% (correct)
  • 25%
  • 10%
  • 20%
  • Which function of the skin is primarily involved in preventing excessive loss of water by evaporation?

  • Excretion
  • Protection (correct)
  • Sensation
  • Temperature regulation
  • What is the outermost layer of the epidermis called?

  • Malpighian layer
  • Cornified layer (correct)
  • Dermis
  • Granular layer
  • Which of the following is a function of the skin related to temperature?

    <p>Facilitating heat loss in hot weather (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the skin is responsible for the sensation of touch and pressure?

    <p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the epidermis's cornified layer?

    <p>Offer resistance against water loss and infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the skin is involved in the synthesis of Vitamin D?

    <p>Epidermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is absent in the epidermis found on the palms and soles?

    <p>Blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Malpighian layer?

    <p>To produce new cells that replace worn-out cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the skin to appear pinkish in individuals with albinism?

    <p>Exposed underlying blood capillaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the dermis layer of the skin?

    <p>It contains hair follicles and sweat glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the skin pigment melanin function under sunlight exposure?

    <p>It acts like an umbrella against UV rays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes leucoderma from albinism?

    <p>Leucoderma appears in patches rather than uniformly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sensation is primarily associated with nerve endings in the dermis?

    <p>Sensation of pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the papillae in the dermis?

    <p>They contain blood capillaries and nerve endings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does subcutaneous fat serve beneath the dermis?

    <p>Insulation and shock absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Malpighian Layer

    The innermost layer of the epidermis responsible for cell division, pushing outward to replace worn-out cells.

    Melanin

    The pigment responsible for skin coloration, produced in the Malpighian layer.

    Leucoderma/Vitiligo

    A condition where patches of skin lose pigmentation, leaving light spots.

    Albinism

    A genetic condition causing complete loss of pigmentation, resulting in pale skin, hair, and eyes.

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    Dermis

    The thick, inner layer of skin made of connective tissue, containing blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands.

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    Papillae

    Small raised projections in the dermis that contain blood capillaries and nerve endings.

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    Subcutaneous Fat

    The fatty layer located beneath the dermis, serving as a food reserve, insulator, and shock absorber.

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    Sensory Receptors

    Specialized cells in the deeper dermis that detect pressure, pain, heat, and cold.

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    Skin

    The largest organ in the human body, accounting for 15% of total body weight.

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    Epidermis

    The outermost layer of skin, made up of stratified epithelium. It's thick on palms, soles, and heels.

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    Cornified Layer (Stratum Corneum)

    The outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of flattened, dead cells filled with keratin. It's constantly being shed and replaced from below.

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    Keratin

    A tough protein found in the cornified layer, giving the skin its strength and resistance to damage.

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    Granular Layer

    The middle layer of the epidermis, consisting of flattened cells that help form the cornified layer.

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    Germinative Layer (Malpighian Layer)

    The innermost layer of the epidermis, responsible for producing new skin cells. These cells eventually migrate upwards, becoming the cornified layer.

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    Protection

    The function of the skin that protects the body from mechanical injury, harmful substances, and excessive water loss.

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    Study Notes

    Skin - The Jack of All Trades

    • Skin is the largest organ, making up 15% of an adult's body weight.
    • It's the outermost layer, forming a protective barrier.

    Functions of Skin

    • Protection:

      • Shields underlying tissues from impacts.
      • Prevents water loss through evaporation.
      • Blocks harmful substances and germs.
      • Protects against excessive UV light.
    • Sensation:

      • Detects touch, pain, pressure, and temperature.
    • Temperature Regulation:

      • Prevents heat loss in cold environments.
      • Facilitates heat loss in warm environments.
    • Storage:

      • Stores fat in specialized cells.
    • Excretion:

      • Eliminates water, salts, and urea through sweat.
    • Synthesis:

      • (Not further detailed in provided text)
    • Grip:

      • Ridges and grooves on palms and fingers enhance grip.

    Structure of Skin (Epidermis)

    • Cornified Layer (Stratum Corneum):

      • Outermost layer of flattened, dead cells.
      • Made of keratin.
      • Protects against damage, infection, and water loss.
    • Granular Layer (Stratum Granulosum):

      • Middle layer.
      • Contains cells that produce keratin.
    • Malpighian Layer (Stratum Malpighi or Germinative Layer):

      • Innermost layer.
      • Active cell division produces new skin cells.
      • Contains melanin which determines skin color.

    Skin Structure (Dermis)

    • Dermis:
      • Thick layer of connective tissue.
      • Contains nerve fibers, blood vessels, sensory receptors, hair follicles, and sweat glands.
      • Contains elastic fibers for flexibility.
    • Subcutaneous Layer:
      • Layer below the dermis containing fat.
      • Provides insulation, shock absorption, and energy storage.

    Abnormal Skin Conditions

    • Leucoderma/Vitiligo:

      • Loss of skin pigmentation in patches.
      • Cause unknown.
    • Albinism:

      • Complete loss of pigmentation.
      • Genetic trait.

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    Related Documents

    Std 9 Modified Skin Notes PDF

    Description

    Explore the various functions of the skin as the largest organ of the body, including its roles in protection, sensation, temperature regulation, storage, and excretion. Discover the structural details of the epidermis and its significance in everyday life.

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