Skeletal System of Mice

Skeletal System of Mice

Overview

• Mice have a compact, lightweight skeleton that allows for agility and flexibility
• The skeletal system is composed of 206 bones, similar to humans

Axial Skeleton

• Skull: Made up of 29 bones, including the cranium, facial bones, and auditory ossicles
• Vertebral column: Composed of 7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 29 caudal vertebrae
• Ribcage: Consists of 13 pairs of ribs, with the first 7 pairs being true ribs and the remaining 6 pairs being false ribs

Appendicular Skeleton

• Upper limbs: Each limb consists of a scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges
• Pelvis: Composed of 4 bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis) that fuse together to form a solid structure
• Lower limbs: Each limb consists of a femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges

Special Features

• Dental structure: Mice have a unique dental structure, with incisors that grow continuously throughout their lifetime
• Auditory ossicles: Mice have three middle ear bones (ossicles) that aid in sound transmission

Development and Growth

• Skeletal development: Mice are born with a cartilaginous skeleton, which gradually ossifies after birth
• Growth patterns: Mice exhibit rapid growth and development, with most skeletal growth occurring during the first few weeks of life

Skeletal System of Mice

Overview

• Mice have a compact, lightweight skeleton that allows for agility and flexibility.
• The skeletal system is composed of 206 bones, similar to humans.

Axial Skeleton

• The skull is made up of 29 bones, including the cranium, facial bones, and auditory ossicles.
• The vertebral column is composed of 7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 29 caudal vertebrae.
• The ribcage consists of 13 pairs of ribs, with the first 7 pairs being true ribs and the remaining 6 pairs being false ribs.

Appendicular Skeleton

• Each upper limb consists of a scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
• The pelvis is composed of 4 bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis) that fuse together to form a solid structure.
• Each lower limb consists of a femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.

Special Features

• Mice have a unique dental structure, with incisors that grow continuously throughout their lifetime.
• Mice have three middle ear bones (ossicles) that aid in sound transmission.

Development and Growth

• Mice are born with a cartilaginous skeleton, which gradually ossifies after birth.
• Mice exhibit rapid growth and development, with most skeletal growth occurring during the first few weeks of life.

Definition and Characteristics of Poultry

• Poultry refers to domesticated birds raised for eggs, meat, and feathers
• Omnivorous diet and social animals, often living in flocks
• Communicate through vocalizations and visual displays
• Known for unique courtship and mating behaviors

Types of Poultry

• Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
  • Most common domesticated bird species
  • Originated from red junglefowl in Southeast Asia
• Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo)
  • Originated from Mexico and Central America
  • Known for their distinctive gobble and iridescent feathers
• Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)
  • Originated from wild ducks in Asia and Europe
  • Known for their webbed feet and ability to swim
• Geese (Anser anser domesticus)
  • Originated from wild geese in Europe and Asia
  • Known for their honking calls and V-formations during migration

Poultry in Agriculture

• Raised for eggs, meat, and feathers
• Often kept in large groups in industrial farms or small backyard flocks
• Important source of protein in many human diets

Health Issues and Diseases

• Avian influenza (bird flu)
• Newcastle disease
• Infectious bronchitis
• Parasites like mites, lice, and fleas

Conservation Status

• Many poultry breeds are threatened or endangered due to industrialization and loss of genetic diversity
• Efforts are being made to conserve and promote heritage breeds