Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the tissues listed is NOT found as part of a long bone?
Which of the tissues listed is NOT found as part of a long bone?
- Transitional epithelium (correct)
- Adipose tissue
- Nervous tissue
- Cartilage
- Osseous tissue
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?
- Protecting the spinal cord
- Providing support for most muscles
- Protecting the brain
- Storage of calcium and phosphate ions
- Storage of red blood cells (correct)
The ______ is an example of bone as an organ, while ______ bone is an example of bone as a tissue.
The ______ is an example of bone as an organ, while ______ bone is an example of bone as a tissue.
- compact; sesamoid
- red marrow; compact
- skull; marrow
- femur; spongy (correct)
- spongy; femur
Osseous tissue is a(an) ______ tissue.
Osseous tissue is a(an) ______ tissue.
The cortex of the long bone's diaphysis is primarily made of ______.
The cortex of the long bone's diaphysis is primarily made of ______.
The thin layer of slightly denser spongy bone that separates an adult's epiphysis from the diaphysis is called the ______.
The thin layer of slightly denser spongy bone that separates an adult's epiphysis from the diaphysis is called the ______.
The central cavity of the diaphysis of a long bone is called the ______.
The central cavity of the diaphysis of a long bone is called the ______.
The expanded ends of a long bone are called the ______.
The expanded ends of a long bone are called the ______.
A long bone is covered externally with a sheath called the ______, whereas the marrow cavity is lined with the ______.
A long bone is covered externally with a sheath called the ______, whereas the marrow cavity is lined with the ______.
When ______ become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called ______.
When ______ become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called ______.
Bone-forming cells are called ______.
Bone-forming cells are called ______.
Which of the following is an inorganic component of the bone matrix?
Which of the following is an inorganic component of the bone matrix?
The hardness of bone comes from ______, whereas ______ provide(s) some degree of flexibility.
The hardness of bone comes from ______, whereas ______ provide(s) some degree of flexibility.
The plasma membrane of ______ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings, whereas ______ have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic dendrites.
The plasma membrane of ______ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings, whereas ______ have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic dendrites.
Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes?
Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes?
Spicules and trabeculae are found in ______.
Spicules and trabeculae are found in ______.
It is common to find ______ in compact bone, but they are not seen in spongy bone.
It is common to find ______ in compact bone, but they are not seen in spongy bone.
The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called ______, and they contain ______.
The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called ______, and they contain ______.
Red bone marrow does NOT contain ______.
Red bone marrow does NOT contain ______.
What would you find in the marrow cavity of the diaphysis of an adult humerus (arm bone)?
What would you find in the marrow cavity of the diaphysis of an adult humerus (arm bone)?
Flashcards
Transitional epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Tissue not typically found in long bones. It's a specialized lining found in organs like the bladder.
Function of the skeleton
Function of the skeleton
Bones serve as an area of support for your muscles, protecting the spinal cord, and protection for the brain.
Femur vs. Spongy Bone
Femur vs. Spongy Bone
The femur bone is an organ, while spongy bone is a type of bone tissue.
Osseous Tissue Type
Osseous Tissue Type
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Cortex Composition
Cortex Composition
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Epiphyseal Line
Epiphyseal Line
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Marrow Cavity
Marrow Cavity
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Epiphyses
Epiphyses
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Periosteum and Endosteum
Periosteum and Endosteum
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From Osteoblast to Osteocyte
From Osteoblast to Osteocyte
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Bone-Forming Cells
Bone-Forming Cells
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Inorganic Bone Component
Inorganic Bone Component
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Bone Hardness vs. Flexibility
Bone Hardness vs. Flexibility
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Osteoclasts vs. Osteocyte Membranes
Osteoclasts vs. Osteocyte Membranes
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Cell with most lysosomes
Cell with most lysosomes
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Location of Trabeculae
Location of Trabeculae
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Central Canals Location
Central Canals Location
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Lacunae Contents
Lacunae Contents
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Red Bone Marrow Composition
Red Bone Marrow Composition
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Adult Humerus Marrow
Adult Humerus Marrow
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Study Notes
- Transitional epithelium is not found as part of a long bone.
- Storage of red blood cells is not a function of the skeleton
- Femur is an example of bone as an organ; spongy bone is an example of bone as a tissue.
- Osseous tissue is a connective tissue.
- The cortex of the long bone's diaphysis is made of compact bone.
- The thin layer of slightly denser spongy bone that separates an adult's epiphysis from the diaphysis is called the epiphyseal line.
- The center cavity of the diaphysis of a long bone is called the marrow cavity.
- The expanded ends of a long bone are called the epiphyses.
- A long bone is covered externally with a sheath called the periosteum, whereas the marrow cavity is lined with the endosteum.
- When osteoblasts become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called osteocytes.
- Bone-forming cells are called osteoblasts.
- Hydroxyapatite is an inorganic component of the bone matrix.
- The hardness of bone comes from hydroxyapatite and other minerals, whereas proteins provide some degree of flexibility.
- The plasma membrane of osteoclasts have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings, whereas osteocytes have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic dendrites.
- Osteoclasts have the greatest number of lysosomes of the bone cells.
- Spicules and trabeculae are found in spongy bone.
- Central canals are common in compact bone, but not seen in spongy bone.
- The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called lacunae, and they contain osteocytes.
- Red bone marrow does not contain yellow bone marrow.
- Yellow bone marrow is found in the marrow cavity of the diaphysis of an adult humerus (arm bone).
- Intramembranous ossification produces the flat bones of the skull.
- In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is hyaline cartilage, which is replaced by bone.
- The metaphysis is a marginal zone of the epiphyseal plate where, in children and adolescents, bone can be seen replacing the hyaline cartilage.
- Achondroplastic dwarfism is a hereditary condition, in which the long bones of the limbs fail to elongate normally because of reduced hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate.
- Mature bones are remodeled throughout life via a process known as appositional growth.
- Chondrocytes multiply in the zone of cell proliferation of the metaphysis.
- Bone elongation results from cartilage growth.
- Wolff's law of bone explains the effect of mechanical stress on bone remodeling.
- A growing long bone in a child has only two areas of cartilage at the epiphysis: the articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate.
- The first few crystals that form attract more calcium and phosphate exemplifies a positive feedback process happening in bone mineral deposition.
- The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as resorption.
- Arteriosclerosis is one example of ectopic ossification, which means abnormal calcification of a tissue.
- Phosphate is necessary for all of the following except amino acids.
- Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except DNA synthesis.
- Hypocalcemia can cause muscle spasms.
- Lower blood calcium is not a function of parathyroid hormone (PTH).
- Removal of the thyroid gland does not put women at risk for hypocalcemia.
- Calcitriol, synthesized by the combined action of the skin, kidneys, and liver, promotes bone resorption but is also necessary for bone deposition.
- Blood Ca2+Ca2+ deficiency stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion, which leads to increased osteoclast activity.
- If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, we would expect an elevated level of osteoblast activity.
- A decline in bone density can lead to osteoporosis.
- Osteoporosis is more common in elderly females because of the lack of estrogen.
- The result of blood calcium and phosphate levels being too low for normal deposition is a softness of the bones called rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.
- A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a comminuted fracture.
- Bone protrudes through the skin in a fracture called open.
- A break in a bone that is already weakened by some other disease is called a pathologic fracture.
- Patches of fibrocartilage formed in the healing of a fracture are called soft callus, whereas the bony collar formed around the fracture is called hard callus.
- The correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture is: hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling.
- A soft callus forms during the healing of a fracture.
- In appositional bone growth, new bone is deposited around a central core of existing bone.
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