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Questions and Answers
What is the approximate percentage of organic matter in bone matrix?
What is the approximate percentage of organic matter in bone matrix?
What is the function of osteoblasts?
What is the function of osteoblasts?
What is the location of osteoblasts?
What is the location of osteoblasts?
What is the function of osteocytes?
What is the function of osteocytes?
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What is the structure of osteocytes?
What is the structure of osteocytes?
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What is the origin of osteoclasts?
What is the origin of osteoclasts?
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What is the primary function of periosteum and endosteum?
What is the primary function of periosteum and endosteum?
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What is the main component of endosteum?
What is the main component of endosteum?
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What is the characteristic of compact bone under a microscope?
What is the characteristic of compact bone under a microscope?
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What is the arrangement of collagen fibers in lamellar bone?
What is the arrangement of collagen fibers in lamellar bone?
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What is the central canal of an osteon lined with?
What is the central canal of an osteon lined with?
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What is the characteristic of interstitial lamellae?
What is the characteristic of interstitial lamellae?
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What is the characteristic of circumferential lamellae?
What is the characteristic of circumferential lamellae?
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How many types of lamellae are found in compact bone of a long bone?
How many types of lamellae are found in compact bone of a long bone?
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Study Notes
Osseous Tissue
- A specialized connective tissue composed of cells and bone matrix (calcified extracellular material)
Bone Matrix
- Composed of 35% organic and 65% inorganic matter
- Inorganic matter (bone mineral) includes hydroxyapatite crystal, calcium, and other ions
- Organic matter includes osteoid, type I collagen, ground substance, and proteins (osteocalcin, osteonectin, and osteopontin)
Osteoblast
- Located on the surface of bone matrix
- Appears as a single layer of cuboidal cells under light microscopy
- Functions to produce the organic components of the matrix (osteoid) and help deposit inorganic components
Osteocyte
- Located in bone with long thin processes
- Maintains bone matrix and communicates with other cells through gap junctions
Osteoclast
- Located in resorption lacunae (or Howship lacunae)
- Appears as a multinuclear large cell with acidophilic cytoplasm under light microscopy
- Functions to dissolve the bone matrix
Periosteum and Endosteum
- Periosteum is a layer of bone-forming cells and connective tissue on the external surface of bone
- Endosteum is a delicate matrix of collagen fibers on the internal surface of cavities
Bone Types
- Gross observation: compact bone and cancellous bone
- Under microscope, both show the same basic histological structure
Lamellar Bone
- Matrix exists as discrete sheets
- Collagen fibers are arranged in lamellae
- Three types of lamellae: osteon (Haversian system), interstitial lamellae, and circumferential lamellae
Osteon (Haversian System)
- A long, cylindrical structure parallel to the long axis of the bone
- Composed of 4-20 Haversian lamellae around a central canal
- Central canal contains blood vessels, nerve fibers, and lymphatic vessels
Interstitial Lamellae
- Located among intact osteons
- Irregular lamellae remaining from osteons
Circumferential Lamellae
- Arranged in concentric circles
- Outer lamellae have 10-40 layers, while inner lamellae have fewer layers
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and composition of osseous tissue, including the components of bone matrix and the role of organic and inorganic matter.
