Skeletal System and Skull Bones
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bones does NOT contribute to forming the orbit of the eye?

  • Temporal (correct)
  • Sphenoid
  • Maxilla
  • Frontal

Which suture separates the frontal and parietal bones?

  • Squamous suture
  • Sagittal suture
  • Coronal suture (correct)
  • Lambdoid suture

What is the function of the foramen magnum?

  • Articulation with the atlas.
  • Housing the pituitary gland.
  • Attachment point for neck muscles.
  • Passage of the spinal cord. (correct)

Which bone features the Sella Turcica, which houses the pituitary gland?

<p>Sphenoid bone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The external auditory meatus is a feature of which bone?

<p>Temporal bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to cervical vertebrae?

<p>Transverse foramina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull?

<p>Atlas (C1) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is unique to lumbar vertebrae when compared to cervical and thoracic vertebrae?

<p>Large size of the vertebral body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of true ribs are present in the human body?

<p>7 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sternum articulates with the ribs?

<p>Both the manubrium and body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features is located on the anterior side of the scapula?

<p>Coracoid process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure on the humerus articulates with the ulna to form the elbow joint?

<p>Trochlea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In anatomical position, is the radius located lateral or medial to the ulna?

<p>Lateral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many phalanges are typically found in each hand?

<p>14 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone does NOT contribute to the pelvic girdle?

<p>Femur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the obturator foramen?

<p>A and B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the longest bone in the human body?

<p>Femur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure on the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis?

<p>Head (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tibial tuberosity serves as an attachment point for what structure?

<p>Quadriceps tendon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tarsal bone articulates with both the tibia and fibula?

<p>Talus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Frontal Bone

The bone located in the forehead region of the skull.

Parietal Bone

Forms the sides and roof of the cranium.

Cranial Cavity

Bone that surrounds and protects the brain.

Maxilla

Supports upper teeth.

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Mandible

Forms the lower jaw.

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Suture

Area where cranial bones unite.

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Foramen Magnum

Opening for the spinal cord.

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Occipital Condyles

Processes on the occipital bone that articulate with the atlas.

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Cervical Vertebrae

Contains transverse foramina.

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Atlas (C1)

The first cervical vertebra.

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Dens

The bony projection on the axis (C2).

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Rib cage

Protects organs and provides attachment for muscles.

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Sternum

The breastbone.

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Costal Cartilage

Connects ribs to sternum.

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True Ribs

Directly connect to the sternum.

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Scapula

The shoulder blade.

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Glenoid fossa

Socket where humerus articulates.

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Humerus

Upper arm bone.

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Radius and ulna

Bones of the forearm.

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Coxa

Pelvic bone formed by the fusion of ilium, ischium and pubis.

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Study Notes

  • The skeletal system includes bones of the skull, vertebrae, sacrum, sternum, pectoral girdle, upper arm, forearm, hand, pelvic girdle, lower limb, and foot.

Skull Bones

  • The skull consists of the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, zygomatic bone, sphenoid bone, maxillae, mandible, nasal bones, vomer, inferior nasal conchae, ethmoid bone, and optic foramen.
  • Bones of the orbit include the frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, and ethmoid bones.
  • The skull also has the sagittal suture, squamos suture , lamboid suture, temporal bone, mastoid process, external auditory meatus, coronoid process, mandibular condyle and zygomatic arch.
  • The internal view of the skull includes the olfactory, cribriform plate, crista galli, optic foramen, sella turcica, sphenoid bone, mandibular fossa, occipital condyles, foramen magnum (great hole).

Vertebrae

  • Cervical vertebrae are described as upside down elephants and have a transverse foramen.
  • Features include the spinous process, body, facet (superior articular process), and transverse process.
  • Only cervical vertebrae have a transverse foramen and articulate with the skull at the occipital condyles.
  • C1, the Atlas, articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull.
  • C2, the Axis, includes the dens.

Thoracic cage

  • Lumbar vertebrae include the vertebral foramen
  • The sacrum articulates with the coxa to form the sacroiliac joint and contains the sacral canal, sacral ala, sacral foramen, and sacral hiatus.
  • The sternum consists of the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
  • True ribs (1-7) attach to the sternum via vertebrosternal connections, and false ribs (8-10) are vertebrochondrial.
  • The rib articulates with vertebrae; key parts are head , tubercle, costal groove, and it articulates with the costal cartilage.

Upper extremity

  • The pectoral girdle includes the clavicle and scapula
  • The scapula features the coracoid process, subscapular fossa, glenoid fossa, spine, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, and acromion process.
  • Bones of the upper arm consist of medial and lateral aspects.
  • The humerus features the greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, intertubercular groove, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, capitulum, trochlea, and olecranon fossa.
  • Bones of the forearm that make the elbow include the radius and ulna.
  • The radius features the radial head, and ulna includes the olecranon process, trochlear notch, and ulnar head
  • The hand consists of the carpals (8), metacarpals, and phalanges.

Lower extremity

  • The pelvic girdle connects to the legs including the hip bone.
  • The pelvis consists of the sacrum, coccyx, ilium, ischium, and pubis, and pelvic girdle has the sacroiliac joint.
  • The anterior interior iliac spine is a feature of note.
  • Important features include the iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, posterior interior iliac spine, ischial spine, greater sciatic notch, ischial tuberosity, acetabulum, pubis, Obturator foramen and the joint where the symphysis pubis occurs
  • The femur has a head, neck, shaft, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, medial condyle, lateral condyle, patellar groove, and intercondylar fossa.
  • The lower leg consists of the tibia and fibula; the tibia joins with the medial and lateral condyles in the femur.
  • Distal features include the medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, tibial tuberosity, and tibial crest.
  • The foot has 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, and phalanges, forming 5 digits.
  • Calcaneus and Talus are features of the foot.

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Description

This lesson covers the skeletal system, including bones of the skull, vertebrae, sacrum, sternum, and limbs. It goes into detail on the skull bones such as the frontal, parietal, temporal, and zygomatic bones. Also explores the internal view of the skull.

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