Skeletal Remains Identification: Bone Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of gross examination of a bone?

  • To determine the presence of osteons
  • To extract species-specific protein for serological examination
  • To identify the Haversian system
  • To reveal the true nature of the bone through shape, size, texture, weight, and morphology (correct)

What is unique about the Haversian system in human bones compared to animal bones?

  • The Haversian system is absent in human bones
  • The Haversian system is larger in diameter in human bones (correct)
  • The Haversian system is different in shape in human bones
  • The Haversian system is larger in diameter in animal bones

What is the purpose of a precipitin test in serological examination?

  • To determine the size of the Haversian system
  • To extract species-specific protein from bone
  • To test against specific antisera of human (correct)
  • To identify the presence of osteons

What is a characteristic of the human skull compared to animal skulls?

<p>It has a bulbous shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of animal skulls compared to human skulls?

<p>They have a more curved shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the foramen magnum in human skulls?

<p>More centrally located underneath the skull (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in pelvis structure between humans and other mammals?

<p>The human pelvis is wider from the side with curved bone. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the human spine curve in 3 places?

<p>Because humans walk upright. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate method of determining sex from bones?

<p>Entire skeleton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the pelvis is used to indicate sex?

<p>All of the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of morphological examination in sex determination?

<p>To examine the overall shape and structure of bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the accuracy of determining sex from the pelvis and skull combined?

<p>98% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of the method of gender estimation from bone samples?

<p>The bone samples should be of long bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for Infancy in females according to skeletal development?

<p>Birth to 10 months of age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Pre-puberty stage in skeletal development?

<p>The size of the phalangeal epiphyses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dividing skeletal development into major categories?

<p>To facilitate bone age assessments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of skeletal development do the carpal bones and radial epiphyses start to ossify?

<p>Toddlers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative method of age estimation besides estimation from hands and wrist?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do the ossification centers of the capitate and hamate become apparent?

<p>3 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which finger do the ossification centers for the epiphyses of all phalanges and metacarpals become recognizable first?

<p>Middle finger (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary basis for assessing skeletal maturity in pre-pubertal children?

<p>Size of the epiphyses relative to the metaphysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what stage do the epiphyses become wider than the metaphysis?

<p>Early puberty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary basis for assessing skeletal maturity in late puberty?

<p>Degree of epiphyseal fusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for females in early and mid-puberty?

<p>7 years to 13 years of age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of fusion of the epiphyses to the metaphyses in the long bones of the hand?

<p>Distal phalanges, metacarpals, proximal phalanges, middle phalanges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age range is epiphyseal fusion complete in post-puberty females?

<p>15-17 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is examined to determine skeletal maturity over a range of 8 years?

<p>Calcaneum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age is the fusion of the metacarpals and phalanges complete in males?

<p>18 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is examined to determine skeletal maturity at 18 years?

<p>Med epicondyles and the head of the radius (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age are the two pubic rami of the hip fully developed?

<p>6 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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