Sjogren's Syndrome Overview and Causes

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium channel blockers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>13% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pantoprazole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactobacilli (C), Streptococcus mutans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shiny, glassy appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of stippling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cervical surfaces, cusp tips, and incisal edges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subjective and Objective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Papillated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use an over-the-counter dry mouth product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To objectively assess the severity of xerostomia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A higher score indicates a greater need for treatment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 to 10 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symptoms may not progress in the order listed on the scale. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates a need for further testing by a specialist. (B), It indicates a need for a different treatment approach. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taste perception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Referral to a specialist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The severity of xerostomia symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence of saliva pooling in the floor of the mouth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased salivary flow leading to drooling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced buffering capacity of saliva leading to a lowered pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine the effectiveness of treatment for salivary hypofunction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased dryness of the oral cavity due to reduced saliva production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>General Dentist (GDP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diminished taste perception due to reduced saliva acting as a solvent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saliva plays a crucial role in protecting teeth from caries and maintaining oral hygiene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sjögren’s syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>500,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin rash (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ocular staining test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mid 30s to mid 50s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To examine the structure of the salivary glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyposalivation (A), Objective Xerostomia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drug-induced (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smoking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.10 ml/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Challacombe Scale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mouth Breathing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide appropriate dental treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drug-induced (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subjective and Objective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria that contribute to tooth decay, such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli.

A condition marked by a lack of saliva, leading to oral health issues.

The subjective feeling of dry mouth, often reported by patients.

Tooth decay that primarily affects the cervical surfaces (near the gumline).

Alterations to oral structures due to wearing dentures, like shiny gums.

The process of history taking and examination to diagnose xerostomia causes.

The cutting edges of anterior teeth, often involved in caries.

Alterations in the appearance of oral tissues, often seen in dry mouth cases.

Salivary glands produce saliva, averaging 0.10 ml/min.

Decreased saliva flow due to salivary gland failure.

Reduced saliva production leading to dry mouth.

Dry mouth caused by medical treatments or medications.

Dry mouth resulting specifically from medications.

An autoimmune disorder causing dry mouth and eyes.

A clinical aid to assess dry mouth severity.

Includes mouth breathing, dehydration, and age-related factors.

Conditions affecting saliva production; can contribute to xerostomia.

Changes in symptoms over time that help monitor a patient’s condition.

Alterations in oral tissues due to lack of saliva.

Increased risk of tooth decay due to changes in saliva composition.

Saliva's ability to neutralize acids in the mouth.

Increased acidity in the mouth due to reduced saliva.

Lack of saliva accumulation in the floor of the mouth.

Decay primarily occurring on cervical surfaces, cusp tips, and incisal edges.

To visually identify and quantify xerostomia severity.

Scores range from 1 to 10, with 1 being least severe and 10 most severe.

Selecting appropriate treatments based on score changes over time.

Each feature scores one point to total the severity score.

The inner lining of the cheeks and lips in the oral cavity.

Directing patients to a specialist for further evaluation and treatment.

Medications frequently associated with dry mouth include antidepressants and antihistamines.

A category of medications that can lead to dry mouth; includes tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs.

Medications that increase urine production, potentially contributing to dry mouth.

On average, a person produces about 500ml of saliva in a 24-hour period, varying by activity.

A hereditary predisposition that may lead to the development of Sjögren’s syndrome when triggered by environmental agents.

A test involving the application of Lissamine green dye to assess tear film stability and dryness in the eye.

An imaging test that assesses the structure of major salivary glands.

A procedure to assess the presence of Sjögren’s syndrome by removing a small tissue sample from the lip.

Typical signs of Sjögren’s syndrome include dry mouth (xerostomia), dry eyes (xerophthalmia), arthralgia, and fatigue.

Sjögren’s syndrome often presents in two age peaks: during childbearing years (mid-30s) and post-menopausal period (mid-50s).

Diagnostic tests for Sjögren’s syndrome that check ENA, ANA antibodies, and rheumatoid factors.