siRNA and Gene Silencing Quiz

Transcription and translation.

Small interfering RNA.

siRNA targets and assists in the destruction of mRNA, preventing the translation of proteins.

<p>DICER cuts viral RNA into smaller pieces, generating siRNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RISC is the RNA-induced silencing complex, a multi-protein complex that binds to siRNA and targets it to complementary mRNA sequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The siRNA/RISC complex cuts the mRNA, preventing protein production and leading to gene silencing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol start="2006"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>siRNA is double-stranded, while mRNA is single-stranded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>siRNA works by targeting and degrading specific mRNA molecules, preventing the synthesis of the corresponding protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The RISC complex binds to one strand of siRNA and guides it to the complementary mRNA target, ultimately facilitating its degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>siRNA can be delivered into cells using artificial approaches like liposomes or by viral-based vectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>siRNA technology offers the potential to specifically target and downregulate the expression of any protein that we wish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Challenges include effective delivery of siRNA to the target site, ensuring successful entry into the cells, and maintaining the stability of siRNA in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>siRNA has shown potential in treating age-related macular degeneration and cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In 2018, Alnylam received FDA approval for its siRNA drug targeting mutations in the transthyretin gene, leading to a breakthrough in this field.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initial enthusiasm for siRNA was driven by its potential for targeted gene silencing, but challenges in delivery, efficacy, and off-target effects led to a period of slowed progress. Only recently have advancements in these areas allowed for the development of successful siRNA-based therapies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Small interfering RNA that targets mRNA to inhibit protein production.

The process of creating mRNA from DNA in cells.

The process where mRNA is used to synthesize proteins.

Changes made to proteins after they are synthesized.

An enzyme that cuts double-stranded RNA into smaller RNA fragments.

RNA-induced silencing complex that interacts with siRNA.

The process of preventing gene expression, often using siRNA.

Scientists who discovered siRNA and won the Nobel Prize in 2006.

RNA-induced silencing complex that uses siRNA to target mRNA.

The process of specifically identifying and modifying a gene.

Creating siRNA that matches the target mRNA sequence.

Conditions where siRNA can be used, such as cancers and asthma.

Issues related to getting siRNA to the right cells effectively.